This review describes the main technology for non-invasive glucose monitoring and introduces relevent devices.For technology,the physical principle underlying the techniques,the limitations,the measurement sites and their individual features are considered.For devices,the information listed are their approval condition (FDA Approval and/or CE Mark),the techniques adapted the manufacturer and the information available about the device on the internet.From what we reviewed,although some promising techniques and devices are already available,further efforts are still required to reach a satisfactory solution to the non-invasive glucose measurement problem.

Based on the analysis of the common problems which exist in the military hospital medical cooperative projects, five countermeasures are put forward. Firstly, the basic principles for cooperation should be grasped accurately. Secondly, the management system should be perfected. Thirdly, the feasibility of the projects should be augmented enough. Fourthly, the clauses of the contracts should be checked strictly. Lastly, the supervision and management should be enhanced actively in the period of the cooperation.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enterocolitis, Necrotizing ; chemically induced ; Female ; Male ; Platelet Activating Factor ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sulfalene ; toxicity ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; toxicity

Adolescent ; Asthma ; psychology ; therapy ; Behavior Therapy ; Child ; Female ; Health Education ; Humans ; Male ; Massage ; Psychotherapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Xiaoyao Powder (XP) and its compatible prescriptions on the ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters, thus exploring their effects and mechanism in preventing and treating D-galactose induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, and clarifying the compatibility mechanism for soothing Gan, nourishing blood, and invigorating Pi.

METHODSSixty SPF mice were randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, and the XP group, Shugan Jianpi group (SJ), Shugan Yangxue group (SY), and Jianpi Yangxue group (JY), 10 in each group.The AD mouse model was prepared by peritoneal injecting D-galactose. Meanwhile, mice in the blank control group and the model group were administered with physiological saline (at the daily dose of 24 mL/kg) by gastrogavage. Mice in the XP group (2.485 g/kg), the SY group (1.136 g/kg), the SJ group (1.775 g/kg), and the JY group (2.059 g/kg) were administered with corresponding medicated decoction by gastrogavage, with the gastric volume of 24 mL/kg. On the 41st day the training of capability for learning and memory was started. On the 42nd day capability for learning and memory was tested. The brain tissue was cut. One half was used to determine the contents of homogenate acetyl cholinesterase (AchE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and monoamine oxidase (MAO).Another half was used to carry out morphological observations.

RESULTSThe capability for learning and memory could be improved and the latency time could be lowered in all the treatment groups. Besides, the homogenate AchE and MAO could also be elevated, ChAT could be lowered; the morphology, number, and distribution of neurons could be improved. But the improvement of ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters were most obviously seen in the XP group.

CONCLUSIONSXP could improve the ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters, and showed better effects on prevention and treatment of AD. The rationality of compatibility methods and combination thinking ways of soothing Gan, nourishing blood, and invigorating Pi were clarified.

Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism

Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; virology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; complications ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; complications ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; virology ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; genetics ; Point Mutation ; Telomerase ; metabolism

Aim To study the hypoglycemic effect and the mechanism of novel sulfonyluric compound G-003. Methods ① After compound G-003 was givenig for 7 days, the levels of fasting plasma glucose of normal mouse was assayed with glucose oxidase kit. ② Rat pancreatic islets, adipocytes and mouse heaptocytes were isolated and cultured. Effects of compound G-003 on insulin release, glucose transport and utilization and glycogen synthesis were studied. Results Compound G-003 markedly decreased the levels of fasting plasma glucose of normal mouse, stimulated isolated pancreatic rat islets to release insulin and increased glucose transport and utilization in isolated rat adipocytes. Compound G-003 has no effect on glycogen synthesis in isolated mouse hepatocytes. Conclusion Compound G-003 has a significantly hypoglycemic effect. The hypoglycemic mechanism of novel compound G-003 may be attributed to stimulate secretion of insulin and increase glucose transport and utilization.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness on the prevention of behavior problems of life skills education combining school-based and parent-involved approaches for third-grade students in China.Methods:This research was targeted at the population of third-grade children in two elementary schools in Qinhuangdao City,Hebei Province.Nine regular school classrooms were randomly divided into three groups:the intervention group(n=208),internal control group(n=209) and external control group(n=204).The intervention included 26-hour competence promotion for students and 5-hour parent training.The Rutter Scale by parent and teacher were used to evaluate the effects at pretest,posttest and 6-month follow-up.Results:Improvement was observed among children in the intervention group than those in the control groups.The statistical difference was significant(P

[Objective]To retrospectively analyze the results of plasma-mediated coblation in treating cervical disc herniation.[Method]From January 2003 to April 2006,127 symptomatic cases(197 disc levels)with cervical contained disc herniation were treated with plasma-mediated coblation technology,including 81 males and 46 females,their average age was 49 years,the treated disc levels were 17 in C3、4,61 in C4、5,90 in C5、6 and 29 in C6、7 ,respectively.All patients were reported to have persistent cervical or unilateral arm pain for a minimum of three months and failed previous conservative treatment.MRI showed herniated cervical disc causing focal compression of the nerve root.An average percentage of symptom relief(VAS score)and subjective satisfaction were administered to measure symptoms at all visits.[Result]In the immediate post-operative period,124 patients reported significant amelioration of symptoms,3 patients complained of arm numbness did not change clinical status,one week after operation,percentage of symptom relief was 64%,perfect rate of subjective satisfaction was 91%.Patients were followed up for average 18 months(range 6～31 months)postoperatively.Percentage of symptom relief was 47%,perfect rate of subjective satisfaction was 62%.In the last follow-up,7 patients were observed a stabilization of clinical status over 2 years and in 15 patients the status was similar to preoperation.The other patients referred some residual symptoms and were still under follow-up.There were no complications observed such as hemorrhages,infections and nerve root injurys due to the procedure.[Conclusion]Our data indicate coblation procedure appearing to be less injury,safety,is a promising treatment option for patients with contained cervical disc herniation who have failed conservative therapies and are not considered candidates for open surgery,also supplementary therapy perioperatively in patients treated with cervical open surgery.

Objective To study the effect of continuously compressive pressure(CCP) and human periodontal ligament cells(HPDLCs) on the differentiation of osteoclast-like cells(OLC) induced from umbilical cord blood cells in vitro,and to investigate the role of continuously compressive pressure and human periodontal ligament cells in alveolar bone rebuilding during orthordontic tooth movement.Methods Mononucleared cells of umbilical cord blood(HCMNCs) were separated by density gradient centrifugation,HPDLCs were isolated from human periodontal ligament by explanting enzymatic digestion with trypsin and collagenase.We also established transwell co-culture system with HCMNCs in the lower layer and HPDLCs in the upper layer.Group A: HCMNCs and HPDLCs were co-cultured with 150 kPa CCP for 1.5 hours on the model.Group B: only HCMNCs were cultured with the same CCP as Group A.Groups A'and B' were the respective control group of Groups A and B with no CCP exerted.The cell appearance was observed under the phase contrast microscope,and its identification was performed by histochemical analysis of tartrater-resistant acid phosphatase(TRAP).The capacity of bone resorption of the cell was assessed by lacunae forming ability on bone slice.Results HCMNCs in Group A began to fuse on the 2nd day,More positive multinucleated cells could be seen with TRAP staining and cortical bone pit formation on the 3rd day.Only a few multinucleated cells formed in the other groups,with no cortical bone pit formation.Conclusion HCMNCs can fuse into multinucleated OLC under CCP with the induction of HPDLCs.