AIM:To observe the clinical effects of 23-gauge (23G) transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole.
METHODS: In this retrospective study, 28 eyes of 28 consecutive patients who underwent 23 - gauge transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy for idiopathic macular hole between January 2013 and October 2013 in our hospital were evaluated. The follow-up time was 3-12mo. The operation effects were analyzed.
RESULTS:The macular hole was closed in 27 eyes of 28 eyes which underwent 23G transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy and not closed in 1 eye after surgery. Best-corrected visual acuity at postoperative 1, 3mo was significantly improved compared to pre-operation (χ2=8-65, P=0. 003;χ2=10. 33, P=0. 001). The macular hole was closed as shown by OCT. Intraoperative incision was sutured in 5 cases ( 18%) . There was no statistically significant difference in intraocular pressure between pre-operation and post - operation. No post - operative complications such as endophthalmitis, retinal detachment, vitreous hemorrhage came up.
CONCLUSION: 23G transconjunctival sutureless vitrectomy is observed to be safe and effective technique in the treatment of macular hole. It is therefore our preferred system for straightforward macular surgery.

Objective To investigate the effect of autophagy on histone-mediated apoptosis of human proximal tubular endothelial cells(HK-2).Methods To investigate the effect of histones on the autophagy and apoptosis,HK-2 cells were treated with increasing concentrations of histones.The rate of apoptosis and the expressions of autophagy-related protien LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1 in HK-2 cells were detected by using flow cytometry and immunoblotting assay,respectively.To further confirm the effect of autophagy on apoptosis of HK-2 cells,cells were incubated with histones after one hour pretreatment with 10 mmol/L 3-MA,a pharmacological inhibitor.The rate of apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3 of HK-2 cells were detected separately by using flow cytometry and immunoblotting assay.Results Histones significantly enhanced apoptosis of HK-2 cells in a dose-dependent manner,with the increased expressions of LC3Ⅱ and Beclin1.Blockage of autophagy by 3-MA significantly increased the apoptosis of HK-2 cells and the activity of caspase3.Conclusion Autophagy in proximal tubules protects against apoptosis induced by histones,with potential value in acute kidney injury (AKI).

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and taurine (Tau) in preventing hyperoxia-induced the lens opacification and the changes of biochemical parameters on organ cultured rabbit lenses.METHODS: Twenty-four lenses from adult rabbits were divided into the control group, the hyperoxia-exposed group, the hyperoxia-exposed group containing 20mmol/L of NAC, the hyperoxia-exposed group containing 80mmol/L of Tau, respectively. The treated groups incubated with hyperoxia ( pO2>80%) for 4 hours per day throughout a 7-day period. Lens transparency, histology and enzymatic activities measurements were determined after this incubation.RESULTS: Gross morphological examination of these lenses revealed some severe cortical opacification in the hyperoxia-exposed group, moderate cortical opacification in the control group and the Tau treated group. There was minimal cortical opacification in the NAC treated group. The glutathione (GSH) content and the activity of Na, K-ATPase were significantly decreased in the hyperoxia-exposed group than that of the control group, by 37.8% (P<0.05) and 53.5% (P<0.05), respectively. However, they were increased in the two treated groups, especially in the NAC treated group. There were no significant differences in the water-soluble protein content and the catalase and GSH reductase activities in all group lenses.CONCLUSION: Hyperoxia can induce the cortical opaci-fication in the lens. The role of NAC in the prevention of hyperoxia-induced cataract is superior to Tau.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Bu-Shen-An-Tai recipe (BSATR) and its two components (Bushen recipe, and Huoxue recipe) on endometrial morphology during peri-implantation in superovulated mice. Mice were randomly divided into five groups, including the normal (N), model (M), Bushen (BS), Huoxue (HX) and Bu-Shen-An-Tai (BH) groups. The uteri were collected on day 4 of pregnancy, and the endometrium thickness, microvessel density (MVD) and number of pinopodes observed. Compared with the M group, the endometrial thickness in the BS, HX and BH groups was significantly increased and there was a significant difference in endometrial thickness between the BS and the BH groups. The mean MVD was significantly lower in the M group than in the N group, and there was a significant increase in MVD in the BS, HX and BH groups as compared with the M group. Compared with the M group, the pinopode scores in the endometrium were significantly increased in the HX and BH groups; and the BS group had significantly higher pinipode scores than the HX and BH groups. In conclusion, the results of the present study demonstrated that the recipes (Bushen, Huoxue and BSATR) could improve the endometrial environment by regulating the endometrial thickness, MVD and the number of pinopodes at the window of implantation. Moreover, the Huoxue recipe and the BSATR were more efficient than the Bushen recipe, with the BSATR tending to have the most beneficial effects.

OBJECTIVETo examine the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs1495592) in transforming growth factor-beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2) gene in children, and to investigate its association with Kawasaki disease (KD) and coronary artery lesions (CALs).

METHODSThirty-five KD patients, 14 of whom had CALs (CAL subgroup), were selected as the case group, and 25 healthy age-matched children were selected as the control group. The SNP (rs1495592) in TGFBR2 gene was studied by gene sequencing. The association of SNP (rs1495592) with KD and (CALs) was analyzed based on the sequencing results.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in genotype frequency distribution (χ(2)=0.566, P=0.452) and allele frequency distribution (χ(2)=0.216, P=0.642) between the two groups. Genotypes in the CAL subgroup included CC (21.4%) and CT+TT (78.6%), while genotypes in the non-CAL subgroup included CC (61.9%) and CT+TT (38.1%). There was significant difference in genotype frequency distribution between the two groups (χ(2)=5.546, P=0.019), but without significant difference in allele frequency distribution (χ(2)=3.673, P=0.055).

CONCLUSIONSThe SNP (rs1495592) in TGFBR2 gene may not be associated with development of KD in children, but it is associated with CALs in children with KD.

Coronary Artery Disease ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; genetics ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; physiology

Objective To assess the capability of monochromatic energy images of Gemstone spectral imaging(GSI) in reducing artifacts caused by metallic implants. Methods Twelve subjects with metallic implants underwent GSI (Discovery CT750 HD, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee ). The metallic orthopedic implants included 3 patients of dentures, 2 patients of cervical spinal vertebraplasty, one clavicle fracture fixation, one lumbar spinal vertehraplasty, 3 patients of artificial femoral head, one iliac fracture fixation and one tibial fracture fixation. GSI was performed by using a single source ultra-fast dual energy X-ray switching (80 kVp and 140 kVp). Following GSI scanning, thin slice images were reconstructed into 1.25 mm slice thickness. The monochromatic energy images were set to the same window width and level (window width 1500 HU,window level 500 HU). The artifact indexes (AI) at different kiloelectronvolts (keV) images were measured and compared. 3D reconstruction was performed using images with minimal AI. Result The artifacts index on monochromatic energy images varied with the change of keV. Of the images from 12 subjects, the maximal AI ranged between 145-225 at 40 keV, and minimal AI ranged between 15-90 at the 95-140 keV. The artifacts are clearly visible on polychromatic energy images and the artifacts are reduced markedly on the monochromatic energy images with minimal AI. Conclusion The artifacts caused by metallic implants can be reduced significantly by GSI with high keV monochromatic energy images.

Objective To study the effect of transfection of livin antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (Livin ASODN) on Livin mRNA and Livin protein expression and proliferation of QBC939 cells.Methods Livin ASODN was transfected into cell line QBC939 by LipofectamineTM 2000. Fluorescence microscopy was used to observe the ASODN transfected cells and to calculate the rate of transfection.to measure Livin mRNA and Livin protein expression by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry and con-focal laser scanning microscopy after the transfection. Changes in cell proliferation were detected by MTT. Results The highest efficiency was at 24 hours after 500 nmol/L Livin ASODN transfection.The results of MTT showed that the inhibition of cell proliferation of QBC939 cells was most obvious at 60 hours after Livin ASODN transfection (P<0. 05). The level of Livin mRNA and Livin protein expression in the ASODN group was obviously lower than that in the control group (P<0. 05).Conclusion The transfection of Livin ASODN inhibited Livin gene and Livin protein expression, and obviously inhibited the proliferation and depressed the vitality of QBC939 cells.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of combination of acupressure and magnetic sticker on the quality of life (QOL) including appetite, defecation, and sleep in patients with advanced gastroenteric tumor.

METHODSTotally 147 patients with advanced gastroenteric tumor were assigned to 4 groups according to different treatment methods, i.e., the supportive treatment group (A, 20 cases), the acupressure treatment group (B, 41 cases), the magnetic sticker treatment group (C, 40 cases), and a combination of acupressure and magnetic sticker treatment group (D, 46 cases). They were respectively treated with different methods, supportive treatment for group A, acupressure for group B, magnetic sticker for group C, and a combination of acupressure and magnetic sticker for group D. The scores of food intake, defecation frequency, sleep time, Karnofsky, and QOL were compared before treatment and at day 14 after treatment.

RESULTSAfter treatment, the scores of food intake, defecation frequency, and sleep time were obviously improved in B, C and D groups (P < 0.01). There was statistical difference between group D and group A (P < 0.01). In addition, in comparison with A group, both Karnofsky score and QOL score increased in B, C and D groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe assisted therapy of the combination of acupressure and magnetic sticker could ameliorate QOL such as the digestive functions and sleep in patients with advanced gastroenteric tumor.

Acupressure ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Humans ; Magnetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome

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ObjectiveTo explore the effect of variable hip abduction orthosis on children spastic cerebral palsy.Methods5 children with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy had used variable hip abduction orthosis to correct scissors gait which remained after rehabilitation. The stepping of 5 children was assessed with a gait analysis system base on digital video and image processing which could provide distance rate between knees and hips(K/I) in gait phase. One year Follow up was carried out.ResultsThere was significant difference on K/I before and after using variable hip abduction orthorsis (P<0.05).ConclusionThe variable hip abduction orthorsis can inhibit adductor muscles convulsion, improve model kinesis of scissors gait and stabilize stepping.