The prevalence and adjusted rate of Mental Retardation(M. R.) were 2.70% and 2.68% in the Qin-Ba Mountain Area in South-Shaanxi; 2.78% and 2.80% in childhood respectivety. These rates were all higher than overall rates in Shaanxi and in It is obvious that the prevalence of M. R. could be reduced by the social-environmental factors such as natural geographic situation, social development level, mean income per capita, mother's schooling, the family relationship with stepmother/stepfather, etc. Reducing prevalence rate of M. R., we need to take the multiple measures and services. It may help the reduction of M. R. prevalence and it is very important to continuously supply iodine salt in these area.

Adult ; Brugada Syndrome ; complications ; physiopathology ; Bundle-Branch Block ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male

Ohjective To study the indications,clinical effect and complications of hysterectomy so as to im- prove therapeutic effect.Methods The clinical data involving 320 cases of hysterectomy in this hospital from 2000 to 2006 were reviewed,and the pathogenesis,operation mode,curative effect and post-operation complications were analysed.Results Patients who received hysterectomy due to benign gynecologic diseases were cured well cliniclly; those who received hysterectomy due to malignant gynecologic diseases or diseases with the tendency of malignant change were cured well in early stage but the effect was not so satisfactory in later stage.The operation mode was de- cided by considering the pathogenesis and individual difference.Conclusion For benign gynecologic diseases,hys- terectomy can be conducted with good effect after conservative treatment becomes ineffective.For malignant gyneco logic diseases,early treatment will bring good resuh,while late treatment will generate not so satisfactory effect.Indi- cations for operation should be controlled strictly for hysterectomy to guard against complications.

A new method of calculating fractal dimension of short-term heart rate variability signals is presented. The method is based on wavelet transform and filter banks. The implementation of the method is: First of all we pick-up the fractal component from HRV signals using wavelet transform. Next, we estimate the power spectrum distribution of fractal component using auto-regressive model, and we estimate parameter 7 using the least square method. Finally according to formula D = 2- (gamma-1)/2 estimate fractal dimension of HRV signal. To validate the stability and reliability of the proposed method, using fractional brown movement simulate 24 fractal signals that fractal value is 1.6 to validate, the result shows that the method has stability and reliability.
Algorithms ; Electrocardiography ; Fourier Analysis ; Fractals ; Heart Rate ; physiology ; Humans ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Nonlinear Dynamics ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To evaluate the effiicacy of nasotracheal intubation using blind tracheal intubation device and end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring technique in patients with difficult airway.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes,aged 35-60 yr,weighing 55-75 kg,requiring nasotracheal intubation,undergoing selective oral and maxillofacial surgery,were involoved in this study.All of them were expected to have difficuh airway such as mouth opening ＜ 3 cm,neck upward degree ＜ 30° and Mallampati classification Ⅲ or Ⅳ,The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups(n =30):group Ⅰ received tracheal intubation with the blind tracheal intubation device and group H received tracheal intubation with the blind intubation device combined with end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring technique.The number of successful intubation,the inlubation time and adverse effects during intubation(epistaxis,tachycardia,hypertension and hypoxemia)and after operation(sore throat and hoarseness)were recorded.Results The rate of successful intubation in the two groups was 100％.Tachycardia,hypertension,hypoxemia and hoarseness were not found in the two groups.Compared with group I,the rate of successful intubation at first attempt was significantly increased,the intubation time was significantly shortened,and the incidence of epistaxis and sore throat was decreased in group Ⅱ(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The blind intubation device combined with end-tidal carbon dioxide monitoring technique used in diffficult airway can shorten the intubation time,increase the success rate of tracheal intubation,and decrease the occurrence of adverse effects.

Objective:To compare the preventive effects of dezocine or parecoxib used alone or combination on emergence pain and agitation in the patients undergoing radical hysterectomy. Methods: Sixty ASA Ⅰ~Ⅱ patients undergoing radical hysterectomy were randomly divided into three groups. At the time of sewing incision, the dezocine group (group D, n=20) received dezocine in-travenous injection at the dosage of 0. 1 mg·kg-1, the parecoxib group (group P, n=20) received parecoxib intravenous injection at the dosage of 0.8 mg·kg-1, and the combination group (group DP, n=20) received 0.1 mg·kg-1dezocine and 0.8 mg·kg-1 parecoxib. When the operation was finished, the patients were transferred to the recovery room with endotracheal tubes, and recovered and extubated without the administration of reversal agents. Visual analogue scale ( VAS) for pain and Aono' s four-point scale for e-mergence agitation ( EA) were measured. The recovery time, extubation time, VAS, degree of EA and side effects such as nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression and hypersomnia during the emergence were also evaluated and recorded. Results:There were no sig-nificant differences in recovery time and extubation time among the three groups (P >0. 05). The VAS score and degree of EA in group DP were lower than that in group D (4. 65 ± 1. 69) and group P (5. 95 ± 1. 82) (P<0. 05), and the VAS score in group D was lower than that in group P (P<0. 05). The incidence of moderate and severe pain during the emergence in group DP (20%) was low-er than that in group D and group P (75% and 85%, respectively, P<0. 05), and that was lower in group D when compared with that in group P(P<0. 05). There were no significant differences in the incidence of degree of EA higher than 3 among the three groups (P>0. 05), and no side effects such as nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression and hypersomnia were detected during the emergence. Conclusion:Intravenous injection of 0. 1 mg·kg-1 dezocine combined with 0. 8 mg·kg-1 parecoxib at the time of sewing incision shows effective analgesia and emergence agitation reduction without obvious complications in the patients undergoing radical hysterecto-my.

This research applied the theory of customer satisfaction model in the evaluation of the clinical information system. By means of qualitative and quantitative methods, it made validity and reliability measurement on the measurement tools in use. In addition, it extracted the structure validity of the factor regulating scale via a factor analysis, and developed the scale for clinical information system measurement These efforts provided the hospitals with the useful measurement tool to improve their information system, promoting positive and practical hospital informationziation.

Objective To observe the relation between functions of vessels of lower extremities and TCM syndromes differentiation in diabetes patients. Methods Totally 168 diabetics of Type II were differentiated into 5 syndromes, i.e. 29 cases of yin deficiency with excessive heat, 41 cases of qi and yin deficiency, 30 cases of yin and yang deficiency, 37 cases of blood stasis in channels, and 31 cases of damp heat affecting the spleen, and 26 healthy people were involved in the control group. The peripheral vessel diagnostic system was adopted to get the toe photoplethysmogram (PPG) and ankle brachial index (ABI) to observe the blood perfusion of limb terminals and the functional state of lower limb arteries. The relation between function of vessels of lower extremities and TCM syndrome was analyzed. Results All the diabetic groups were related with the arterial blood supply of toe terminals. Diabetes was the main risk factor in affecting the terminal blood supply (P

Obfectives:The purpose of the present study was to compare the effects of different early enteral nutrition formula (containing either MCT/LCT or LCT only) on improving nutritional status of burned patients. Methods:This was a prospective,randomized,single blind and controlled study.Thirty cases of burned patients injured by varous causes with total burn surface area (TBSA) more than 30% were collected and randomized into two groups:①Group F:enteral feeding with Fresubin 750 MCT containing MCT/LCT as fat source,②Group N:enteral feeding with Nutrison,containing only LCT as fat source.All of the thirty patients received isocaloric,isonitrogenous,and isolipidic enteral feeding,with intragastric tube and enteral feeding pump,started within 24 h postburn.The several parameters were observed on postburn day(PBD) 1,4,7 and 10,such as serum concentrations of transferrin and prealbumin and plasma concentrations of prostaglandin E 2(PGE 2) and insulin.Nitrogen in urine per day and excretion of 3 methylhistidine in urine on day 1,7 and 10 postburn were determined. Results:The results showed that the patients of F group had an increased blood concentration of transferrin,prealbumin and insulin,and a decreased plasma concentration of PGE 2.Excretion of nitrogen and 3 methylhistidine in urine was also markedly reduced in patients fed with nutrients containing MCT/LCT compared with LCT. Conclusions :We have shown that an enteral diet containing MCT/LCT can improve the nutrition status of burned patients more effectively.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT) of herbal medicines in European Union(EU) und-er The Directive 2004/24/EC and to provide thoughts for the export of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM).METHODS: TheTBT set by European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) was discussed from aspects of the simplification of restrictions on application, technical standard specifications and authentication system, and documents for registration etc, and some suggestions for the export of TCM were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Firstly, Chinese government should strengthen the communication and cooperation with European governments. Secondly, more advanced TCM quality specification should be set up. Thirdly we need to seek for support through multinational investment. Finally we should set up some information consultancy agents and to get access to information related to TBT.