The article summarizes the questions of clinical practicing in obstetrics and gynecology through clinical teaching in person,and find out some measures to improve teaching quality of clinical practicing.

Objective To explore influence of different positive end expiratory pressure(PEEP)level on ventilative efficincy of premature infant with respiratory distress syndrome(RDS).Methods Forty preterm infants who were diagnosed RDS and needed ventilation were randomly assigned to lower PEEP(0.49~0.59 kPa)and high PEEP(0.59~0.78 kPa)group.They were treated by ventilation and pulmonary surfactant(PS).When they were medically stable,blood gas was done at 15 min,2,6,12,24 h after ventilation.Then the ratio of pa(O2)/FiO2,oxygen index(OI),ventilation index were calculated.Result The ratio of pa(O2)/FiO2,OI,ventilation index were better in lower PEEP group than those in high PEEP group(Pa

Objective To explore the effects of dopamine and dobutamine on thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),total thyroxine(T4) and growth hormone(GH) in preterm infants with hypotension.Methods Forty-seven preterm infants with hypotension were enrolled in the stu-dy,and 38 preterm infants remained hypotensive after two dose of isotonic saline solution,who were divided into two groups and assigned to receive dopamine or dobutamine.Drug infusion were all started at 4 ?g /(kg?min) and the dose increased by 2 ?g /(kg?min) in a stepwise fashion until either the mean blood pressure normalized or a maximal dose 20 ?g /(kg?min) was reached.Haemodynamic variables and se-rum levels of TSH,T4,and GH were assessed during the first 72 h of treatment and the first 3 d after stopping treatment.Microplate luminometer was used to test TSH,T4,GH levels.Results Necessary cumulative and mean drug doses and maximum infusion required to normalize blood pressure were significantly higher in the dobutamine group than those in the dopamine group(Pa0.05].Conclusions Dopamine and dobutamine both increase the syste-mic blood pressure,with higher drug doses in dobutamine group.Dopamine reduces levels of serum TSH,T4 and GH in preterm infants but such suppression is quickly reversed after treatment is stopped.

Adult ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Facial Nerve ; pathology ; Female ; Glomus Jugulare Tumor ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Neurilemmoma ; diagnosis

Adenoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; pathology ; Middle Aged

Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 ; Dendritic Cells, Follicular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Follicular ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Translocation, Genetic

Objective To investigate the expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAchR) subunits, and the effects of smoking on its expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods Blood was collected from 92 healthy male smokers and 36 healthy male non-smokers. Peripheral blood monocytic cells were obtained, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was employed to study the gene expression of 11 nAchR subunits (?2-?7, ?9, ?10, ?2-?4). Results The results showed that the PBMCs of smokers and non-smokers appeared to express ?2, ?5, ?6 and ?7 only out of 11 nAchR subunits. However, the expression of ?5 and ?7 subunits was lower in smokers′ PBMCs than in non-smokers′ (P

The chronic-hypoxia-resistant gastric cancer cell line was established, and its biological characteristics were explored and compared with the parental cell line. Gastric cancer cell lines were cultured under the degressive oxygen concentration. Cell doubling time was calculated by cell counting method. Chemo-resistance ability of cells was tested by MTT assay. Irradiation tolerance of cells was evaluated by colony forming method. Cell cycle distribution was tested with flow cytometry. Invasive ability was tested by Transwell method. The expression levels of GLUT-1 and HIF-1α were detected by using Western blot. MNK45/HYP cells successfully survived under the 1% concentration of oxygen and its cell doubling time was 35.01±1.02 h, while that of MNK45 was 27.35±0.83 h (P<0.01). The percentage of MNK45/HYP cells in G(0)/G(1) stage was (58.3±6.1)%, and that of MNK45 cells was (42.2±6.0)% (P<0.05). Comparing with the parental cells MNK45, drug resistance indexes of 5-Fu, PTX, OXA, Sn38, GEM and VP16 in MNK45/HYP cells were respectively 5.3, 1.3, 3.6, 2.2, 4.8 and 4.4. Colony forming ability of MNK45/HYP cells after irradiation was also significantly higher than MNK45 cells. The invasive number of MNK45/HYP cells was 107.7±17.5, while that of MNK45 cells was 59.0±9.9. The expression levels of GLUT-1 and HIF-1α in MNK45/HYP cells were significantly higher than those in MNK45 cells. MNK45/HYP cells hold biological characteristics of hypoxia tumor with good tolerance to chronic hypoxia, and can be used for the research of solid tumor under chronic hypoxia condition.

Differential display-PCR was used to clone the differential expressed genes between Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence strain H37Rv and its avirulent mutant H37Ra. All of different genes were cloned, sequenced and some were analyzed by Northern-blotting. Two cDNAs that appeared to be expressed in H37Rv, but not in H37Ra, were cloned and sequenced. Rv0170, and Rv1894c, code for proteins with unknown functions. The two gene were present in H37Ra, but not expressed. These results show that mRNA DD methodology can represent a potential tool for investigation of M. tuberculosis gene expression.

Objective To investigate the relationship between edema and aquaporin 4 (AQP4) within traumatic penumbra (TP) of rats with brain trauma.Methods Eighty-eight healthy adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (n =11) and trauma group (n =77),according to the random number table.Trauma group were further subdivided into seven time points (1 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h and 7 d) of 11 animals each.Brain tissue samples from the moderate brain models were collected to evaluate brain edema with histological observation,blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability with semiquantitative immunohistohemical staining of IgG,and AQP4 expression with immunofluorescence and Western blotting.Results In control group pathology and IgG staining revealed no abnormalities and expression of AQP4 was few.In trauma group light edema zone was visualized at 1 h,began widening,reached the peak at 12 h [(1.589 ±0.020)mm],and then began narrowing.There were significances in width of the edematous band at each time point except for the comparison at 24 h vs.48 h and 72 h vs.7 d (P ＜ 0.05).After trauma,vasogenic edema was found in edema zone at 1 h,intracellular edema was found at 6 h,both aggravated at 12 h and alleviated slightly at 24 h,and intracellular edema predominated at 48 h.IgG showed intensively positive staining at 1,12 and 48 h,and weak staining at 6 h,24 h,72 h and 7 d.After trauma,expression of AQP4 decreased at 1 h (0.659 ± 0.021),returned slightly at 6 h (1.257 ±0.058),peaked at 12 h (2.499 ±0.136),declined again at 24 h (2.267 ± 0.068),re-raised at 72 h (2.078 ± 0.065),and returned to the baseline at 7 d (1.280 ± 0.065).There were significant differences in level of AQP4 at each time point except for the comparison at6h vs.7 d,24 h vs.72 h and 24 h vs.72 h (P＜0.05).Conclusions In the early phase vasogenic edema characterized by BBB damage is significant within TP,which leads to decreased expression of AQP4.However,the subsequent up-regulation of AQP4 results in intracellular edema,which accelerate the spreading of TP.AQP4 may involve in body's defense reaction.