Several key issues in the diagnosis of osteoporosis were discussed. The definition of osteoporosis and some concepts in bone fracture risk evaluation were explained, so as the methods to avoid the common misunderstandings in clinical practice. Finally, the parameters used in determination of bone metabolism and bone mass were listed, and their application and limitation were analyzed. It may help the clinicians to make correct choice of these parameters.

AIM: To explore the curative effect of different ways of silicone tube catheter for the treatment of children`s lacrimal canaliculi rupture.METHODS: A retrospective analysis from January 2014 to December 2015 were taken.According to admission time sequence,42 children with lacrimal canaliculi rupture was divided into two groups.One group was treated with single silicone tube insertion,the other was treated with annular silicone tuber insertion.The treatment results were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS: There were 4 eyes in single silicone tube group occurred fall off in 2wk to 1mo after operations because of improper nursing and the second operations were taken.There was no eye with this in annular silicone tuber groups,the difference between the two groups was significant(P<0.05).In single silicone tube group,16 eyes were cured,1 eye improved,3 eyes unchanged which were the 3 eyes with fall off.Those 3 eyes were 1 patient bitten by dog,2 bombed;the effective rate was 85%.In annular silicone tuber insertion,20 eyes were cured,2 eyes improved and the effective rate was 100%,the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Children`s lacrimal canaliculi rupture should be timely given surgical treatment,reasonable surgical treatment can achieve good operation effect.Annular silicone tube has good stability,fewer complications than single silicone tube,and clinical treatment effect is good.

Objective:To determine PRA and PRB expressions at mRNA and protein levels in endome-trial carcinomas,and to correlate the PRA and PRB expressions in tumours with clinical features inclu-ding grading,surgical stage,degree of myometrial invasion,and lymph node status.Methods:Sixty-sixendometrial carcinomas were investigated with Western blot assays and reverse-transcription polymerasechain reaction.The corresponding clinical information was collected.Spearman's rank correlation wasused to test for association between expressions of total PR and PR isoforms in endometrial carcinomas andclinical features.Results:At protein level,expressions of PRA and PRB were significantly inversely re-lated to grade(r=-0.343,r=-0.310,P

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of Cyclosporin A(CyA) in the treatment of psoriasis is well recongized, the dosage less than 5mg/kg per day(mg/kg/d) is recommended. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the indication, dose, course and side-effects of CyA therapy for psoriasis, especially in China. METHODS: Forty patients with psoriasis were treated with doses of CyA 5mg/kg/d, compared with 20 patients treated with Tigason lmg/kg/d by Global PAST. RESULTS: 1. Of 40 patients 33 patients (82.5%)were cured clinically in 4-5weeks and all the patients(100%) had responses to the therapy. 2. The efficacy and the Global PASI reduction of CyA therapy were significantly better than that of Tigason therapy. 3. During the CyA therapy, no severe side-effects and obvious laboratory changes were found. CONCLUSION: CyA(5mg/kg/d) was satisfactory for psoriasis, especially for psoriasis pustulosa, arthropathica and erythroderma. CyA was found to be superior to Tigason. The therapy course and side-effects seemed to be related to the dosage.
China* ; Clinical Study* ; Cyclosporine* ; Dermatitis, Exfoliative ; Etretinate ; Humans ; Psoriasis*

OBJECTIVETo report a case of simple congenital bilateral ejaculatory duct absence (EDA) complicated with seminal vesicle cyst and review the relevant literature in order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

METHODSWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of a case of bilateral congenital EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst, reviewed the relevant literature at home and abroad, and comprehensively analyzed the embryonic development, diagnosis, and treatment of congenital EDA.

RESULTSThe patient was a 23-year-old man, present at the clinic for infertility after married for a year. Vasography and other imaging examinations confirmed simple congenital bilateral EDA complicated with seminal vesicle cyst. Pathologic biopsy showed normal spermatogenic function of the testes.

CONCLUSIONCongenital EDA originates from embryonic developmental defect of the mesonephric duct, and it can be confirmed by vasography. Transurethral incision of the ejaculatory duct and intracytoplasmic sperm injection can be employed for the treatment of bilateral EDA.

Cysts ; complications ; diagnosis ; Ejaculatory Ducts ; abnormalities ; Genital Diseases, Male ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Seminal Vesicles

Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Premature, Diseases ; drug therapy ; Klebsiella Infections ; drug therapy ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; enzymology ; Male ; Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated ; prevention & control ; beta-Lactamases ; biosynthesis

Objective To investigate the effect of left lateral segmentectomy combined with fiber choledochoscope for hepatobiliary calculus.Methods Eighty-seven patients with hepatobiliary calculus who underwent hepatectomy from December,1998 to December,2008 were reviewed retrospectively.Forty-six patients underwent the section of common bile duct to remove calculus combined with left lateral segmentectomy and fiber choledochoscope( Group A),41 patients underwent left hepatectomy and section of common bile duct to remove calculus( Group B).The postoperative stone residual rate,complications and long-term outcome were compared between the two groups.Results The postoperative stone residual rate of either group was zero.Intraoperative bleeding ( 401.1 ± 180.4ml) ,operative times ( 202.5 ±36.6 rmin) of group A were significantly lower than those of the group B (515.9 ± 200.6ml and 257.3 ± 42.9min) ( P ＜ 0.001 and 0.01,respectively) .Hospital stays of group A was lower than that of group B,but this is no statistical significance ( P ＞ 0.05 ) .The incidence of postoperative complications were similar in the two groups( 15.2% v.s.24.4% ,P ＞ 0.05 ).The effective rates of the two groups were similar (91.3 % VS 92.7 %,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions The long-term and short-term outcome of left lateral segmentectomy combined with fiber choledochoscope for hepatobiliary calculus is similar to that of left hepatectomy ,and can successfully shorten the hospital stay and reduce the hospital fee.

Only by working out and implementing scientific and rational developmnent strategies can hospitals contend for the initiative and have a leading edge in the fierce market competition. At present, it is imperative for hospitals to develop the new century-oriented market competition strategy in view of their respective current conditions and circumstances, the talent developnent strategy based on the reform of the personnel system, the strategy of scientific and technological development, and the strategy of the socialization of rear services. Hospital managers ought to promote the construction of their hospitals in light of the above strategies. Nevertheless, in implementing hospital development strategies, it is important to guarantee the continuity and stability of the overall development strategies and not to make unpredictable changes. Only by doing so can the development of hospitals be pushed forward via working out hospital development strategies.

砄bjective:To analyse the effects of age on the color of natural tooth crown. Methods: The color of 1 944 health anterior teeth of 162 chinese people aged 20 to 73 years old was measured with a fiber optic spectrophotometry system. CIE 1976 L *a *b * and CIE 1931XYZ were applied to analyse the color mesurements. Results:The results showed that in three section of teeth(incisor, midlle, cervical) the values of L * and a *were negativly correlated to aging, that of b * was positively just at cervical and midlle sites. The value of b * was not related to age at incisal site of teeth. Conclusion: The values of L * and a * are related to age negatively.

Objective To investigate the principles of combined traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment of early postoperation inflammatory small bowel obstruction(EPISBO).Methods 93 cases of EPISBO were randomly divided into two groups including group A,47 cases received combined traditional Chinese and west- ern medicine treatment,and group B 46 received only western medicine treatment.Results 93 patients were all cured through nonsurgical treatment.The combined traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment was better in symtom improvement and reduce of expense.Conclusion The principle treatment of EPISBO is mainly nonsurgical. The traditional Chinese medicine and somatostatin are very important.