The effect of moxibustion on duodenal motility was examined. Duodenal motility was measured by the balloon method in anesthetized, artificially ventilated rats. The stimulation temperature and duration of moxibustion varied. Treatments were applied to the hind paw and abdomen.
The duodenal motility exhibited an excited response by pinch stimulation of hind paw, and inhibitory response by abdominal pinch stimulation. Duodenal motility did not show any response to indirect moxibustion stimulation of the hind paw and abdomen. Duodenal motility exhibited an excited response by direct application of moxibustion to the hind paw and an inhibitory response by direct application of moxibustion to the abdomen.

BACKGROUND: The patient-physician relationship and patient self-management are important in controlling diabetes mellitus. This pilot study assessed the value of patients sharing their stories with physicians.
METHOD: Twelve patients and two physicians participated. Patients told their life stories to a co-medical interviewer, and these were transcribed and summarized in their medical charts. The physicians read the transcripts. The intervention was evaluated by questionnaire and interviews with the patients and physicians. Two coders qualitatively analyzed the interviews. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight were examined before and six months after the intervention.
RESULTS: 75% of patients felt an improvement in the physician's empathy, advice and ability to share the patient's problems. Physicians reported an improved relationship with 40% of the patients. The patient interview identified: 1) facilitated self-reflection; 2) encouraged self-efficacy; 3) changed perceptions about health-care related behavior; and, 4) difficulties in changing behavior. However, improvement in HbA1c levels and body weight was not significant.
CONCLUSIONS: The patients were satisfied that sharing their stories improved self-reflection and self-efficacy, but found it difficult to adopt healthier options for managing their diabetes. Long-term study of whether improved physician communication skills will enhance outcomes is needed.

Objective : To examine the association between the combination therapy of calcium antagonists with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and underlying diseases for hypertensive patients.
Design : Cross-sectional survey of the drug utilization.
Methods : This survey included 603 hypertensive patients who had visited Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Toyama, Japan more than twice from January to June in 1996 and received the prescriptions of calcium antagonists and/or ACE inhibitors. Main outcome measure was the combined medication of calcium antagonists with ACE inhibitors. Underlying diseases under consideration were diabetes mellitus (DM), hyperlipidemia (LIPID), ischemic heart disease (IHD), chronic heart failure (CHF), and ischemic stroke (STROKE).
Results : Out of 603 hypertensive patients, 57.5% received only calcium antagonists, 23.7% received only ACE inhibitors, and 18.7% received both of them. Patients with either IHD or CHF tended to receive the combination therapy as compared to DM or LIPID. Although men tended to receive the combination therapy, a gender effect might be a confounder for the association. Logistic regression showed a 33% increase (P=0.265) in frequency of the combination therapy in patients with IHD after adjusting for age and gender.
Conclusion : Some underlying diseases were associated with more frequent prescriptions of the combination therapy for hypertensive patients, especially with ischemic heart diseases. This result should be regarded as an exploratory stage although the pattern of antihypertensive drug use could be reasonably explained from the pharmacological sense.

BACKGROUND: The patient-physician relationship and patient self-management are important in controlling diabetes mellitus. This pilot study assessed the value of patients sharing their stories with physicians.
METHOD: Twelve patients and two physicians participated. Patients told their life stories to a co-medical interviewer, and these were transcribed and summarized in their medical charts. The physicians read the transcripts. The intervention was evaluated by questionnaire and interviews with the patients and physicians. Two coders qualitatively analyzed the interviews. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight were examined before and six months after the intervention.
RESULTS: 75% of patients felt an improvement in the physician's empathy, advice and ability to share the patient's problems. Physicians reported an improved relationship with 40% of the patients. The patient interview identified: 1) facilitated self-reflection; 2) encouraged self-efficacy; 3) changed perceptions about health-care related behavior; and, 4) difficulties in changing behavior. However, improvement in HbA1c levels and body weight was not significant.
CONCLUSIONS: The patients were satisfied that sharing their stories improved self-reflection and self-efficacy, but found it difficult to adopt healthier options for managing their diabetes. Long-term study of whether improved physician communication skills will enhance outcomes is needed.

In the future, we will have more aged patients, more cases of bilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) and more cases of bilateral revision THA. There are not, however, many reports of long-term follow-up of bilateral revision THA. We report a case of bilateral revision THA followed up for 11 years. A 74-year-old woman presented with bilateral painful hip in 1996. She had undergone left THA in 1984 and right THA in 1986 at another hospital. Her JOA(Japan Orthopaedic Association) scores on her first visit (right/left) were 32 points/31 points. Plain radiographs revealed a clear zone in her bilateral proximal femur. We diagnosed her as having looseness of bilateral THA. She required bilateral revision THA and underwent left revision THA (Charnley) in January 1997 (14 years after the original operation) and right revision THA (Charnley) in July 1997 (12 years after the original operation). After bilateral revision THA, we were able to follow up this patient for 11 years. She had no complaints about her bilateral hip joints, and X-ray examination showed no looseness. The JOA scores and range of motion illustrate the good result achieved for this case.
Right and left ; Tacrine ; Hip ; Arthroplasty ; Serotype eleven

Twenty endurance-trained athletes (five male speed-skaters, eleven male and four female cross-country skiers, 16-18 years) ran on a treadmill by a protocol of incremental graded increase in workload until exhaustion during an endurance training period in off-season summer. Immediately after exercise, all developed peripheral leukocytosis (1.9 times; p<0.01) due mainly to lymphocytosis (2.6 times; p<0.01) with a predominant effect on large granular lymphocyte (natural killer cell) count (5.9 times ; p<0.01) . Monocyte count was also enhanced 2.3 times (p<0.01) . These increases were transitory and returned to the pre-exercise levels 1 h later. Peripheral neutrophilia was also observed by 43% (p<0.01) immediately after exercise and remained elevated by 25% (p<0.01) 1 h after exercise, but a shift to the left did not take place. The capacity of isolated neutrophils to produce reactive oxygen species was assessed by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence which detects mainly myeloperoxidase (MPO) -mediated formation of such hyperreactive oxidants as HOCl. The maximum intensity of chemiluminescence (peak height) upon stimulation with opsonized zymosan was significantly enhanced following exercise (p<0.05) . Similar results were obtained when phorbol myristate acetate was employed as nonphagocytic soluble stimulus (p<0.01), suggesting that the capacity of neutrophils to degranulate MPO rather than phagocytosis was enhanced following exercise. In addition, the enhancements of chemiluminescence were positively correlated with the increase in segmented neutrophil count. These data indicate that maximal exercise not only mobilized mature neutrophils from the marginated pool into the circulation, but also augmented their capacity to generate reactive oxygen species of higher reactivity.

Objective: To nurture pharmacists capable of contributing to the prevention of adverse reactions to psychotropic agents, the Sapporo Hospital Pharmacist Association has been holding a seminar for psychiatric pharmacy specialist.  A questionnaire survey was conducted to clarify the usefulness of this seminar and its future direction, and evaluate the necessity of providing information on psychotropic drugs.
Methods: An anonymous 21-item questionnaire was distributed to participants in the 2008 Sapporo Hospital Pharmacist Association seminar for psychiatric pharmacy specialist.
Results: The mean recovery rate was 76.3%, and the respondents had a broad background in terms of age, gender, etc.  The seminar was identified as being beneficial, and the participants’ awareness of the accreditation of Board Certified Pharmacist in Psychiatric Pharmacy showed regional characteristics.
Conclusion: Based on the survey results, guidelines on conducting the seminar in the future were successfully developed.  From now on, it is important to create an environment to nurture psychiatric pharmacy specialist in the Sapporo area.  Additional efforts should be made so that the provision of information on psychotropic drugs in the seminar can contribute to the prevention of adverse reactions to them.

OBJECTIVESTo evaluate the physical strength, cerebral function, and mental health conditions in elderly persons, and to examine the correlation between these functions.

METHODSThe subjects were 151 independent-living elderly Japanese women, mean age 70 +/-5 years (+/-SD; range, 60 to 80 years), with normal abilities in daily life. The health check-up was conducted from April to May 1997. Physical strength was estimated by measuring seven activities. Cerebral functions were assessed by six sub-tests of the General Aptitude Test Battery (GATB). Their mental health status was measured by four sub-scales of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ)-28.

RESULTSThe physical strenght and almost all of the cerebral functions decreased with age. Social dysfunction and severe depression on the GHQ sub-scales also worsened with age. Physical strength was strongly correlated with cerebral functions after adjusting for the confounding effect of aging. There were also interrelations between physical strength and mental health.

CONCLUSIONSThis study provided important information on the correlation between physical and mental status in elderly women. Future longitudinal studies with the intervention of physical training are required to determine whether a causal relationship exists between these factors.

From the viewpoint of atherosclerosis prevention, it is important to examine the effects of exercise on the lipoprotein fraction in the postprandial state. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a single period of low-intensity exercise on serum lipoprotein triacylglycerol (TG) after an oral fat load (50g/body surface area) as exogenous TG. Seven normolipidemic men aged 23.1±1.1 years (mean ± SEM) took part in two trials. The subjects were all young students at a university graduate school. In the exercise trial (Ex), they exercised for 1.5 h on a bicycle ergometer at 35-40% of their maximal oxygen uptake, starting 2 h after ingestion of the fat, and then rested for a further 2 h. In the control trial (Co), they rested for 5.5 h after ingestion of the fat. Lipoprotein and lipid levels were measured in venous blood taken during the fasted state and at different intervals between the two trials for 5.5 h after the fat load. Serum total TG and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) TG decreased significantly in Ex from 3.5 to 5.5h (p<0.05, p<0.01) in comparison with Co. These results indicate that a single period of low-intensity exercise reduces exogenous serum total TG and HDL-TG.

An 81-year-old man was referred to our hospital with bilateral multiple patchy opacities on chest radiography. His chief complaints were a few months’ history of intermittent mild cough and slightly yellow sputum. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed non-segmental air-space consolidations with ground-glass opacities. Amyloid deposition with organizing pneumonia (OP) was seen in transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB) specimens from the left S8. Three months later, the infiltration originally seen in the left lower lobe was remarkably diminished, and new infiltrations in the lingual and right lower lobes were detected on chest CT. Amyloid deposition with OP was seen in TBLB specimens from the left S4. Transthyretin was detected following immunohistochemical examination. The presence of wild-type transthyretin (ATTRwt) was proven using genetic analysis. The present report describes a rare case of ATTRwt amyloidosis associated with OP.