Background Ex-PRESS glaucoma drainage device implantations have been clinically applied worldwide.In China,50 type and 200 type of Ex-PRESS glaucoma drainage devices are used for different types of open angle glaucoma.However,whether the clinical outcomes are similar between 50 type and 200 type of Ex-PRESS glaucoma drainage devices are not elucidated.Objective This study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy and security of Ex-PRESS implantation between PS0 type and P200 type of Ex-PRESS glaucoma drainage devices for open angle glaucoma Methods A randomized,parallel-group trial was designed,and written informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to entering in the cohort.Eighty eyes of 69 patients with various types of open angle glaucoma were included from March 2012 to April 2013 in Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command.The patients were randomized into 2 groups according to randomized digital table.The P50 type Ex-PRESS glaucoma drainage device was implanted in 40 eyes of 35 patients in the P50 group,and P200 type was implanted in 40 eyes of 34 patients in the patients of the P200 group.The disease composition,best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) recovery time,theoretical hospitalization days,lowing intraocular pressure (IOP) range and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results The average lowing-IOP ranges of the P50 type group and P200 type group were (21.19±11.22) and (24.35±12.27) mmHg,respectively,with an insignificant difference between them (t =-1.201,P＞0.05).The theoretical hospitalization days and BCVA recovery time in the of P50 type group were (3.65±0.92) days and (2.85±0.95)days,and those in the P200 type group were (4.90±0.81) days and (3.40± 0.96) days,showing significant decreases in the P50 type group (t =-6.444,P＜0.01 ;t =-2.584,P＜ 0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications were 6.06％ and 25.00％ in P50 type group and P200 type group,respectively,with a significant difference between the two groups (.x2 =9.800,P＜0.05).Conclusions Although P50 and P200 Ex-PRESS implantation provide a similar effect in lowing IOP,P50 type Ex-PRESS implantation can restore BCVA more rapidly and lessen complications in comparison with P200 type Ex-PRESS implantation in the early postoperative stage.

To study factors related to visual field damage in Possner- Schlossman Syndrome(PSS) .Methods 145 cases of PSS and 166 cases of promary open angle glaucoma(POAG)were followed up with tonometer and perimeter. Results①Prevalence of visual field damageamong PSS and POAG cases were 35.43% and 93.42% respectively;72.11% of the visual field damage in the PSS group was of early stage,while 78.92% of that in the POAG group was of middle or late stage.②Compared with PSS cases with no visual field damage,the damaged cases were older;their course of the disease was longer;the average IOP between crises was higher;more cases were involved binocularly;more cases demonstrated abnormal diurnal and nocturnal IOP varianle or no crossover phenomenon. ③Systematic examination was given to 26 PSS cases with visual field damage and among them, 11 cases were confirmed to be complicated with POAG. Conclusion①Although the incidence of visual field damage done by PSS is much smaller and the symptoms slighter than those done by POAG,the prognosis of PSS is by no means optimistic. ②Coses at more advanced age, with longer course, with higher IOP between crises, with binocular involvement or without IOP crossover phenomenon are at a higher risk of visual field damage. ③Serious damage can be done by PSS itself.

BACKGROUND:Retinal diseases are caused by damage or apoptosis of the retinal cel s and lack of ideal treatment. Induced pluripotent stem cel s have self-renewal ability and differentiation potential. A new potential source from which to produce stem cel s as a therapeutic platform for the treatment of retinal diseases and avoid ethics issues is the research focus currently.
OBJECTIVE:To review recent advancement of induced pluripotent stem cel s and the potential utility for retinal diseases.
METHODS:The first author searched related articles published from 2006 to 2011 by computer retrieval in PubMed database using the keywords of“induced pluripotent stem cel s, retinal, photoreceptor, retinal pigment epithelium, retinal ganglion cel”in English. Final y, total y 42 papers were involved.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Induced pluripotent stem cel s can be induced to differentiate into retinal cel s which have a possibility to be used as donor cel s for transplantation therapies. Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cel s can be used as disease models for mechanistic studies and drug screening. It is a promising therapy for retinal degenerative diseases. However, some problems stil remain, such as risk of teratoma formation and low efficiency of somatic cel s to be successful y induced into induced pluripotent stem cel s. It stil requires further more studies.

Objective To determine the current status of occupational internal exposure to ¹³¹I in the thyroid of nuclear medicine workers, to explore the influencing factors for internal exposure, and to provide a basis for the radiation safety management of nuclear medicine. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select 162 workers practicing ¹³¹I treatment in 24 hospitals in Hubei Province, China. Thyroid ¹³¹I activity levels were measured in vitro using a portable γ-spectrometer, and the committed effective dose was estimated. Results The thyroid ¹³¹I activity detected in 13 (54.17%) hospitals was above the lower limit of detection of the instrument. Two hospitals had the highest detection rates, 62.50% and 61.90%; the difference was significant compared with the remaining 11 hospitals (P < 0.0001). Thyroid ¹³¹I was detected in 34 workers in total, with a detection rate of 20.99% and a mean activity of 179.09 ± 138.71 (6.02-589.74) Bq. The highest detection rates were found in cleaners and nurses, which were 35.71% and 33.33%, respectively, with no significant difference in detection rate between positions (least P > 0.08). The mean value of the committed effective dose was 0.68 ± 0.52 (0.02-2.22) mSv/a in the 34 workers. Conclusion The ¹³¹I consumption and workplace ventilation may be important factors affecting the level of internal exposure. It is important to strengthen the training of nuclear medicine workers on radioprotection and workflow management, as well as the regular monitoring of occupational internal exposure for ¹³¹I treatment-related workers.

Objective To analyze the process of intercomparison of national personal dose monitoring, evaluate the ability of personal dose monitoring, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of monitoring results in our laboratory. Methods In accordance with the intercomparison protocol for 2019—2021, an energy-discriminant thermoluminescence dosimeter was used for measurement at different doses. The uncertainty of measurement was evaluated and compared with the reference value. Results H_p(10) was measured for intercomparison in 2019—2021. In 2019, the single group performance difference was −0.02 to 0.02 and the comprehensive performance was 0.02. These values were 0.02-0.10 and 0.05 in 2020, and −0.02 to 0.02 and 0.01 in 2021. The intercomparison results were rated as excellent in the three consecutive years. Conclusion The personal dose monitoring system in our laboratory was in good condition, and the monitoring results were accurate and reliable. Improving the knowledge of personnel and cultivating a serious working attitude are important for intercomparison and personal dose monitoring.

Objective To analyze the status quo and existing problems of radiation protection for veterinary X-ray facilitiesin Beijing-Tianjin region, China, and to provide a basis for improving radiation protection management level. Methods According to the requirements of the Technical guidelines for status quo assessment of occupational hazard of the employing unit (AQ/T 4270—2015), the study performed status quo assessment on the workplaces of veterinary X-ray facilities in 16 pet hospitals in Beijing-Tianjin region, and comprehensively analyzed the impact of the workplaces on the health of radiation workers and the public. Results In terms of personnel management, the pass rates of occupational health management post setting, personnel training, personal protective equipment, individual monitoring of occupational external exposure, notification of occupational hazards, and occupational health surveillance were 100%, 81.3%, 100%, 75%, 37.5%, and 25%, respectively. In terms of workplace management, most workplaces had reasonable layout and zoning and complete protection and emergency devices. However, there were some problems in some places, such as non-standard radiation warning signs, no notice board of occupational hazards, and no radiation protection testing. In terms of document management, all institutions had imperfect system documents. Conclusion The workplaces of veterinary X-ray facilities in 16 institutions basically meet the requirements for radiation protection, but there are also some problems, such as inadequate management of personnel and workplace radiation protection, and imperfect system documents. Institutions should strengthen the study of radiation protection knowledge. The competent authorities should strengthen supervision, formulate corresponding standards for radiation protection, enhance training, and improve the professional level of staff.