Background and purpose:Norcantharidin(NCTD)can inhibit the growth of tumors.In this study,we presented the chorioallantoci membrane(CAM)model to evaluate the effect of NTCD on angiogenesis and to study the anti-angiogenesis of NTCD in the chicken embro implant model of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells.Methods:The method was based on the implantation of gelatin sponges on top of growing CAM.The sponges were treated with various amounts of NCTD and 0.9% NaCl.Blood vessels surrounding CAM mesenchyme were counted.Then we established the MCF-7 chicken embryo implant model.The chicken embryo CAMs was treated with 0.9% NaCl,Various amounts of NCTD(72,36,18 ?g per 20 ?l)and the inhibition rates were calculated.Results:NCTD can inhibit the new capillary vessels growing into gelatin sponges placed on the CAM in a dose-dependent manner,and the inhibitory rates were 77.7%,62.9%,50.6% and 33.0% respectively.NCTD at the dosages of 72、36、18 ?g were able to inhibit capillary growth regardless of the angiogenic process induced by xenograft tumor and had a significant inhibition as compared with the control group,and the rates were 66.2%,39.3%,22.8% respectively.Conclusions:NCTD has an anti-angiogenic effect for targeting tumor angiogenesis.NCTD may be a potential therapeutic candidate for clinical application.

Objective To reconstruct tissue-engineered uterine patch similar to native endometrium and myotrium. Methods The purified rabbit uterine smooth muscle cells and stromal cells were mixed with liquid type Ⅰ collagen, and laid on mold respectively. Then the collagen-embedded cells were combined to create a cell complex, epithelial cells were inoculated on top of the complex, histological and immunohistochemical staining, and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the engineered uterine tissue. Results The engineered uterine tissues (EUTs) were reconstructed with isolated and cultured uterine smooth muscle cells, stromal cells and epithelial cells. After cultured for 14 days, histological and immunohistochemical analyses showed that the smooth muscle cells and stromal cells in the EUTs distributed evenly in the two layers and the majority of the cells, with elongated nuclei, stretched along the stretching direction. The morphology of EUTs resembled that of the native uterine tissue. In scanning electron microscopy, some epithelial cells protruded pinopodes. The surface of epithelial cells was covered abundantly with microvilli and some cells were ciliated. Conclusion Uterine smooth muscle cells and stromal cells were mixed with Liquid type Ⅰcollagen respectively, and epithelial cells were inoculated on top of the complex for generation of EUTs similar to the native uterine tissue.

BACKGROUND: There exists insufficient study with specific applicability regarding vascular distribution characteristics of sural nerve nutrient vessels of the distally based flap.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of sural nerve nutrient vessels of the distally based flap and provide an anatomical evidence for the design of operation on repair of foot injury.DESIGN: A single sample study.SETTING: Research Center of Clinical Anatomy, Fuzhou General Military Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA, and Department of Orthopaedics, the 97 Hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-two samples of lower extremities whose blood vessels were perfused with red emulsion were provided by Research Center of Clinical Anatomy, Fuzhou General Military Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.METHODS: The origin of the blood vessels of distally based flap and deep communicating branches of the lesser saphenous vein in the samples were dissected and observed.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The nutrient vessels of sural nerve of distally basde flap.②The nutrient vessels of lesser saphenous vein of distally based flap.③The superficial and deep communicating branches of lesser saphenous vein of distally based flap.RESULTS: There were 2 to 5 nutrient vessels in the distally based flap:one originating from the perforating branch of the lateral calcaneal artery was (0. 6 ± 0.2) mm in diameter and one from the terminal perforating branch of the peroneal artery was(0.8±0. 2) mm in diameter and they were (1.0 ± 1.3) and(2. 8 ± 1.0) cm, respectively, away from the lateral malleolus. The incidence of intermuscular septum perforating branches (0 to 3) was 96. 7%, 66.7% and 20. 0%, respectively, and their diameter was (0.9 ±0. 3), (1.0 ±0. 2) and (0. 8 ±0. 4) mm and their distance to lateral malleolus was(5.3 ±2. 1), (6. 8 ±2.8) and (7.0 ±4.0) cm, respectively. There were 2 types of nutrient vessels of the lesser saphenous vein of distally based flap, the nutrient vessels of nerve-vein and the ones of vein-nerve. The superficial and deep communicating branches of the lesser saphenous vein were(1.7 ±0. 5) mm in diameter and(3.4 ±0. 9) cm away from the lateral malleolus. They ended at the peroneal veins.CONCLUSION: The perforating branches of heel lateral artery, the terminal perforating branches and intermuscular septum perforating branches of the peroneal artery have sub-branches to deep fascia, skin, nerves and parenteral nutrient vessels. These sub-branches communicate and form vascular chain of lesser saphenous vein to sural nerve and vascular network of superficial and deep fascia. The superficial and deep communicating branches end at the peroneal veins.

Objective To investigate the pharmaeokinetics of levofloxacin in rat's pancreatic tissue. Methods Pancreatic tissue and blood were sampled in vivo by microdialysis simultaneously. The concentrations of levofloxacin in beth blood and tissues were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. All date were analyzed by WinNonlin software. Results The maximum concentration of free levofloxacin in blood and pancreatic tissue were (65.23 ± 12.9) μg/ml at 10min and (30.56±3.22) μg/ml at 20 min, respectively, then beth continuously decreased. Concentration of free levofloxacin in pancreatic tissue was higher than that in blood from 20min to 100min, then returned to similar level. The area under the concentration curve(AUC)of unbound levofloxacin was(2465.11±258.56)min·μg~(-1)·ml~(-1) in pancreas,and (2914.38±205.73)min·μg~(-1)·ml~(-1) in blood.Conclusions Microdialysis with reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography established in this essay could be used to determine the pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin objectively. High concentration of levofloxacin in pancreatic tissue and blood was observed.

BACKGROUND: T-type or linear type external fixator is applied in transcervical fracture in the elderly. Because its fixing force is weak, so it is difficult to avoid the aggravation of complication due to long term lay up in severe osteoporosis. Based on this reason,percutaneous penetrating arch tri-claw external fixator is designed to treat elderly transcervical fracture with strong fixing force for the realization of early restoration to the active status before injury to reduce complication.OBJECTIVE:To design pereutaneous penetrating arch tri-claw external fixator for the treatment of elderly transcervical fracture for the investigation of its feasibility.DESIGN: A self-controlled study by employing patients as subjects.SETTING: Department of orthopedic surgery of the first affiliated hospital of a universityPARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one cases of elderly transcervical fracture including 18 males and 13 females aged between 71 and 86 years old with an average age of 79 years were admitted by the Department of Orthopedics of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanhua University between December 2002 and June 2004.METHODS: Percutaneous penetrating arch tri-claw external fixator was applied in the treatment of 31 cases with elderly transcervical fracture for the observation of its clinical effects, and the force-bearing situation and stability of the external fixator during application were analyzed by theoretical mechanics.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① The functional effects of percutaneous penetrating arch tri-claw external fixator applied in the therapy of transcervical fracture(sub-femoral head type,transcervical type and femoral basilar type); 2② The force-bearing situation and the stability of the fixing point on the fixator; ③ The restoration of activity in hip joint and fracture union time RESULTS: ① Patients could sit and stand immediately after the applicationof the fixator, and its fixing reinforce was analyzed by theoretic mechanics during standing(the force on upper fixing point A, B or C was 1/22, 1/2 or 1/2 of the lower fixing point) . The unidirectional flexion and extension activity of the hip joint overcame hip-inversion and rotational disposition at the distal end of the fracture. The hip-joint axial compression board caused compact embedment and insertion of the fracture end and vertical crush to simulate fracture union by stability and compressive strain. ② The stability of percutaneous penetrating arch tri-claw external fixator: No disposition was found during the application except rotational disposition during activity in sub-femoral head type fracture. The fixation was stable, the operative trauma was less,and the operation was simple with good accommodation. No complication was found due to long-term lay up and no re-disposition due to the loosening of the external fixator was found. ③ The hip-joint flexion-extension function was restored within 7 days averagely and fracture healing time was about 2 to 3 months, average of 2.4 months.CONCLUSION: No re-injury is found dter the application of percutaneous penetrating arch tri-claw external fixator, which has small force bearing at upper fixing point with strong stability. There is strain stimulation on the cross section of the fracture to promote fracture healing. The articular function status before injury could be restored at early stage.

Objective To investigate the staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec)genotypes and molecular epidemi-ology of hospital-acquired MRSA.Methods A total of 26 non-duplicate MRSA isolates with the same resistant pattern were studied.SCCmec genotyping was analyzed by multiplex PCR.Repetitive element polymerase chain reaction (Rep-PCR)tech-nique was used to analyze the homology between these strains based on the DiversiLab system.Results The most common geno-type of these MRSA strains was SCCmec-III (84.6%).Two strains belonged to SCCmec-II and 1 SCCmec-IV.SCCmec-I strain was not identified.Based on the results of DiversiLab analysis,these MRSA strains were classified into 10 groups.The genetic similarity ranged from 40% to 100% among these SCCmec types.The two strains of SCCmec-II belonged to the same subtype.The similarity coefficient was higher than 90% for one strain of SCCmec-III subtype 1.The 4 strains of SCCmec-III subtype 3 were grouped into the same set with a similarity coefficient of > 95%.The MRSA strains of SCCmec-III subtype 2 was divided into 5 groups (similarity co-efficient > 90%).Conclusions SCCmec-III is the major genotype of MRSA isolates in our hospital.MRSA strains may spread in some wards.Clinicians and infection control department should pay close attention to this issue.

Objective To explore the probability and associated factors of pulmonary fibrosis in 350 cases of elderly pneumonia. Methods Elderly patients who received diagnosis and treatment at Changzhi Medical College Affiliated Peace Hospital from January 2018 to December 2022 were selected, and 350 patients who met the criteria were included in the study. Analyze its clinical data, incidence of pulmonary fibrosis, and analyze the relationship between the two. Results The average age of 350 patients was (63.51 ± 5.74) years old; 219 cases were common type , 72 cases were severe type, and 59 cases were critically ill. At admission, the CT signs were: ground glass in 66 cases (18.86%) , paving stone in 37 cases (10.57%), consolidation in 73 cases (20.86%), nodules in 93 cases (26.57%) , fried egg sign in 20 cases (5.71%) , and mosaic sign in 61 cases (17.43%). At discharge, the lesion signs were as follows: 61 cases (17.43%) had no lesions, 207 cases (59.14%) maintained the original lesion signs, and 82 cases (23.43%) evolved into other signs. 76 cases of pulmonary fibrosis were discharged, with an incidence rate of 21.71%. There were significant differences in the incidence of pulmonary fibrosis among patients with different ages, lesion evolution during treatment, lesion signs at discharge, and clinical stages (all P<0.001). Pulmonary fibrosis is positively correlated with age (P=0.047), lesion signs at discharge (P=0.032), and clinical classification (P=0.010). The incidence of lesions presenting as paving stones (P=0.014) and fibrosis in critically ill patients (P=0.013) at discharge is higher. Age increase (P=0.047) , wide range of lesions at admission (P=0.042), evolution of lesions into other signs at discharge (P=0.016), and clinical classification as severe (P=0.008) or critically ill (P=0.021) are independent risk factors for the development of pulmonary fibrosis in elderly pneumonia patients. Conclusion The incidence of pulmonary fibrosis in elderly patients exceeds 20%. Increasing age, wide range of lesions upon admission, evolution of lesions into other signs upon discharge, and clinical classification as severe or critically ill are independent risk factors for the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis in elderly pneumonia patients.

Objective To evaluate the control status and knowledge level about disease in asthmatic patients in region level cities of Shaanxi province for effect appraisal of patient education.Methods Eight hospitals were selected from six region level cities, where questionnaire survey was completed in out-patients with asthma (≥ 14 years old).Results A total of 523 patients completed the questionnaire with a ratio of male to female of 1: 1.14,and an average age of (44.3±15.5) years old.The percentage of controlled, partly controlled and uncontrolled by self-evaluation was respectively 26.4%, 52.4% and 11.1%.48% insisted on using inhaled corticosteroids (ICS).The average score was 17.88±4.43 by asthma control test (ACT).The first three medicines used daily were ICS (26.6%), sustained-release theophyline (25.2%) and combination ICS/long-acting β2-agonists (21.8%).12.6% had no medicine and 5.2% used non-orthodox medicines.68.6% patients had omen before exacerbation, and those were sneezing, chest distress and cough.73.6% knew asthma is a disease of airway inilammatian,and 33.3% selected ICS as the leader medicine.Only 32.1% attended the lecture about asthma in hospitals and 85.0% longed for such education.Conclusions The control status and knowledge level about disease in asthmatic patients in cities still need to be improved in Shaanxi province, and too much work need to be done in order to realize the total control in all patients.

To develop a more efficient antithrombotic way after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), the anticoagulant effects were compared of human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) gene transfection and aspirin oral administration (traditional method) on vein grafts. An eukaryotic expression plasmid pCMV-(Kozak) TFPI was prepared. Animal model of carotid artery bypass grafting was constructed. In operation, endothelial cells of vein grafts in TFPI group and empty plasmid control group were transfected with pCMV-(Kozak) TFPI and empty plasmid pCMV respectively, while no transfection was conducted in aspirin control group. After operation, aspirin (2 mg.kg(-1).(-1)) was administered (i.g.) in aspirin control group. Three days later, grafts (n=10) were harvested for RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemical analyses of exogenous gene expression and for pathological, scanning electron microscopic observation of thrombus. Thirty days later, the patency rates of remnant grafts (n=10) were recorded by vessel Doppler ultrasonography. Human TFPI gene products were detected in gene transferred vein grafts. Three days later, thrombi were found in 7 animals of aspirin control group and in 8 animals of empty plasmid control group, but in only 1 of TFPI group (P<0.01). Thirty days later, 5 grafts were occluded in empty plasmid control group, but none of grafts was occluded in the other groups (P<0.05). The endothelial surfaces of grafts in both of the control groups were covered with aggregated erythrocytes and platelets, and it were not seen in TFPI group. It was suggested that the anticoagulant effects on vein grafts of human TFPI gene transfection are better than those of aspirin.
Administration, Oral ; Anticoagulants/*metabolism ; Aspirin/*administration & dosage ; Aspirin/metabolism ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Disease Models, Animal ; Lipoproteins/*metabolism ; Plasmids/metabolism ; Tissue Transplantation/*methods ; Transfection ; Ultrasonography, Doppler/methods ; Veins/*transplantation ; Venous Thrombosis/metabolism

OBJECTIVETo measure the immunogenicity of a synthetic peptide of glucosyltransferase (GTF) for designing synthetic peptide-based vaccine of dental caries.

METHODSA fusion 27-mer peptide, containing the conserved regions within catalytic and glucan-binding domains of GTF, was synthesized. Serum antibodies to the synthetic peptide were determined by ELISA method. Inhibitions of both GTF activity and S. mutans adherence were detected for the functions of antisera.

RESULTSThe sequence of fusion peptide vaccine was ANDVDNSNPVVQAEQLYFRANGVQVKG. The spleen weights of immunized mice were heavier than the control ones. Specific antibodies were effectually elicited. The immune sera not only inhibited GTF enzymatic activity but also inhibited the vitro adherence of S. mutans.

CONCLUSIONSThe peptide vaccine which involves antibody-mediated inhibition of the catalytic and the glucan-binding activities of GTF may be valuable for controlling the dental caries.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies ; blood ; Bacterial Adhesion ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Glucosyltransferases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; immunology ; Immune Sera ; pharmacology ; Immunization ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligopeptides ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; immunology ; Rats ; Streptococcus mutans ; drug effects ; physiology ; Vaccines, Subunit ; administration & dosage ; chemical synthesis ; immunology