No abstract available.
Seizures* ; Unconsciousness*

This study was carried out to evaluate the expressions of the p53 protein, the estrogen receptor (ER) and the progesterone receptor (PR), as well as the relationship between their expressions and clinicopathologic prognostic factors with storage duration of a paraffin block, and correlation between the p53 protein, the ER and the PR expressions in 29 cases of leiomyosarcoma of soft tissue. The expressions of the p53 protein, the ER and the PR were semiquantiatively analyzed in paraffin sections by the immunohistochemical method out of 29 cases the p53 protein, ER and PR were expressed in 9 (31.0%), 2 (6.9%) and 5 (17.2%), respectively. The expression of the p53 protein was not significantly associated with sex, age, anatomic site, tumor size, tumor depth, histological differentiation or mitotic rate (p>0.05), but statistically correlated to storage duration of a paraffin block (p=0.028). There was no significant relationship between the expression of the ER and all the clinocopathological prognostic factors with storage duration of a paraffin block (p>0.05). The expression of the PR was related to the histological differentiation (p=0.02), but not related to other clinicopathological prognostic parameters and storage duration of a paraffin block (p>0.05). The expression of the p53 protein and the PR had a significant relationship (p=0.022), but the expression of the p53 protein and the ER had no significant correlation. In conclusion, these results suggest that the expression of the p53 protein and the PR may play a role in development and growth of soft tissue leiomyosarcoma. Further studies of large numbers are needed to clarify the exact relationship between tumorigenesis and the p53 and the PR expressions in leiomyosarcoma of soft tissue.
Carcinogenesis ; Estrogens* ; Growth and Development ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Paraffin ; Progesterone* ; Receptors, Progesterone*

Electrical burns constitute a unique type of thermal injury. With the passage of high tension current through body surface, 2,500 to 3,000℃ heat was generated, and lead to coagulation of blood vessels, nerves, muscles, skin and other structures. Therefore, electrical burn differs from thermal burn in the point of extent, degree, fluid and electrolytes therapy. From February, 1979 to April, 1982, clinical study was performed in 17 patients with electrical burn of more than 20%, and formula used in thermal burn was modified, further then this modified formula was applied to the fluid and electrolytes therapy. The brief summary of observations were as follows: 1. Fluid loss below the necrotic limb was negligible, and only cut surface between the necrotic limb and viable limb was regarded as actual fluid loss area. 2. In many cases, amputation of extremities in electrical burn was inevitable due to irreversible changes in deep structures. 3. Amputation stump was not well fitted in most cases due to multiple skin damage and deep tissue injury in different levels of extremities.
Amputation ; Amputation Stumps ; Blood Vessels ; Burns ; Clinical Study ; Electrolytes ; Extremities ; Fluid Therapy ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Muscles ; Skin

No abstract available.
Reference Values*

We experienced a boy manifesting sexual precocity with unilateral testicular tumor, who was finally diagnosed as CAH with 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Initial laboratory findings were compatible with peripheral precocious puberty. Ultrasonogram for testes showed heterogenous high echoic mass in the right testicle. Radical orchiectomy was performed and its pathology revealed benign Leydig cell tumor without Reinke crystal. But, testosterone was not decreased after 1 month of surgery. Second laboratory exam revealed increased DHEA-S and 17-hydroxyprogesterone. Finally, this case was recognized as CAH(simple virilizing type) with unilateral testicular adrenal rest tumor. In conclusion, CAH should always be considered during etiologic study for the male sexulal precocity even with unilateral testicular tumor.
17-alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone ; Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital ; Adrenal Rest Tumor ; Humans ; Leydig Cell Tumor* ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Pathology ; Puberty, Precocious ; Steroid 21-Hydroxylase ; Testis ; Testosterone ; Ultrasonography

Circadian rhythm is a global phenomenon, the control mechanisms of which are manifested at every level of biological organization, from genes and intracellular mechanisms to networks of cell populations, and to all central neuronal systems at the organismic level. In pharmacotherapy, the pharmacokinetic parameters such as drug absorption and distribution, drug metabolism, and renal elimination show diurnal variations. The symptoms and signs in diseases like asthma, myocardiac infarction, angina pectoris, hypertension and stroke also show diurnal fluctuations. These observations require drug treatment considering the circadian rhythm of body function and disease. Circadian time has to be taken into account as an important variable influencing a drug's pharmacokinetics and/or its effects or side effects in clinical practice.
Absorption ; Angina Pectoris ; Asthma ; Circadian Rhythm ; Clinical Medicine* ; Drug Therapy ; Hypertension ; Infarction ; Metabolism ; Neurons ; Pharmacokinetics ; Stroke

Central nervous system impairment is common in diabetic patients, even in the early stages of the disease, and could be associated with peripheral neuropathy. The aims of this study were to prospectively investigate central nerve conduction in young adults with type 1 diabetes using pattern-reversal visual evoked potentials (PRVEP) and to determine how those results were related to clinical risk factors and the parameters of the peripheral nerve conduction study (NCS). A total of 36 type 1 diabetic patients (15 males) 5-24 years of age (mean 14.5 ± 4.7) underwent PRVEP and NCS annually for five years. For comparison, 39 healthy age and sex matched individuals (mean 14.8 ± 5.0) were evaluated as the control group. The P100 latencies of the PRVEP were prolonged at the study entry in the patients compared with the controls (p< 0.001). Significant correlations were not found between any of the parameters of PRVEP and the glycosylated hemoglobin levels; however, the changes in the parameters of the peripheral NCS were well correlated with metabolic control. The latencies and amplitudes of the P100 were not related to the majority of the parameters of the NCS. A prolonged PRVEP latency may be a sign of optic pathway dysfunction, which begins before apparent diabetic retinopathy. Poor glycemic control proved to be an important risk factor over the 5 years in terms of its relation to the development of peripheral neural pathway abnormalities. However, once central conduction was delayed, its changes were poorly related to diabetic control and the attributes of the peripheral nerve conduction study over the 5-year follow-up.
Diabetes Mellitus

No abstract available.
Nephrectomy*

BACKGROUND: Urinary retention is the most common complication after perianal surgery. The authors tried to evaluate the influence of the types and duration of the operation and the types of anesthesia on the incidence of urinary retention. METHODS: The medical and anesthetic records of 106 patients were reviewed retrospectively. They got perianal surgerys after recieving one of the regional blocks; 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 5~8 mg intrathecally, 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine 5~8 mg intrathecally, or 2% lidocaine 300 mg with epinephrine 5 g/ml caudally. The incidences of urinary retention were compared with each other by Chi-square test and Student t-test, according to the above mentioned points. RESULTS: Fifty percent of these patients underwent urinary catheterization. The incidence of urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy (56.6%) was higher than that of other anorectal procedures (p<0.05, Chi-square test). The longer operating time was associated with urinary retention (p<0.05, Student t-test). The influence of local anesthetics (bupivacaine, tetracaine, and lidocaine) was absent (p>0.05, Chi-square test), but the difference between spinal and caudal anesthesia was slightly significant (p<0.05, Chi-square test), i.e. the incidence of urinary retention after caudal anesthesia was low. CONCLUSIONS: Short duration of operation, less traumatized perianal surgery, and caudal anesthesia are thought to lead to the lower incidence of urinary retention.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Caudal ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine ; Epinephrine ; Hemorrhoidectomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lidocaine ; Retrospective Studies ; Tetracaine ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention*

No abstract available.
Calcium* ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Metabolism*