BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease remains one of the leading causes of death and major causes of disability and loss of productivity in adults worldwide. Inflammation is a key feature of atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations. Because inflammation plays a key role in atherosclerosis and its end results, discovering new biomarkers of inflammation becomes important to help diagnostic accuracy and provide prognostic information about coronary artery disease (CAD). The eosinophil count and eosinophil-to-leukocyte ratio (ELR), in particular, have become novel biomarkers for risk assessment in patients with CAD. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of ELR with presence of CAD. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value and predictive performance of ELR in patients with suspected CAD. Furthermore, if proven of value, this study aims to use ELR as a biomarker for screening patients at risk for CAD for early prevention and intervention. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study involving a chart review of CAD suspects 40 years or older who underwent elective coronary angiogram from January 2019 to December 2019. Eosinophil-to-leukocyte ratio was calculated by dividing the number of eosinophils by the number of leukocytes. RESULTS: A total of 436 patients were included in this study. With an optimal cutoff value of 0.5 (area under the curve, 0.9911; sensitivity, 96.63%; specificity, 95.27%), ELR demonstrated efficiency in detecting CAD. CONCLUSION Patients with CAD has a higher ELR than those without CAD in the control group. Furthermore, this study supports the positive association of ELR in predicting CAD.
coronary artery disease

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the interaction effects of In-Chen-How (Artemisia capillaries Thunb.) on the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen and on liver microsomal cytochrome P450 enzyme activity in rats. The rats were divided into control group (n = 8) without In-Chen-How and the pretreated group (n = 8) administered with In-Chen-How (approximately 1.0 mL x kg(-1), according to weight) for 5 consecutive days. Rats in the control group received water simultaneously. Each rat was then given acetaminophen. The pharmacokinetic parameters of acetaminophen of the two groups were significantly different. In the In-Chen-How pretreated group, the maximum concentration of acetaminophen and the area under the plasma concentration-time curve were reduced about 58.4%, 56.7% and 55.4%. To further explain the results, liver microsomal suspensions were obtained from rats that were randomly divided into control and In-Chen-How pretreated group. The levels of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 in hepatic microsomal protein from pretreated group were increased as compared to that from the control group. It indicated that In-Chen-How can stimulate the activity of CYP isozymes. The changes in the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen resulting from the administration of In-Chen-How are related to an increase in metabolic activity of CYP1A2 and CYP2E1.
Acetaminophen ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Administration, Oral ; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Artemisia ; chemistry ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 ; metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 ; metabolism ; Drug Interactions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Immunoblotting ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; drug effects ; Microsomes, Liver ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar