Objective To investigate the value of microsphere embolism in hepatocellular carcinoma with TACE. Methods A prospective controlled study was performed. One hundred and eighty patients were divided into the microsphere embolism embolization group, the lipiodol embolization group and the united embolization group. Comparations of the TTP, the interphase of treatment before TTP and the survival curves were performed among the three groups. Differences of the liver function, the WBC number, changes of vascular morphology and complications before and 1 month after treatment were analyzed. Results No statistic differences in the TTP, the survival curves, the liver function, the WBC number, changes of vascular morphology and complications were found among the three group (P > 0.05). No significant difference in the interphase of treatment before TTP was found between the embolism embolization group and the lipiodol embolization group (P>0.05). Significant difference of the interphase of treatment was found between the lipiodol embolization group and the embolism embolization group or the united embolization group(P<0.05). Conclusion The microspheres embolism with TACE is safe, which can extend the interphase of treatment before TTP, but can not extend the TTP and survival curves.

Objective To study the potential efficacy of transplanted bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in treating and repairing the acute lung injury in animal models. Methods MSCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow, cultrued and amplified in vitro. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was inhaled through postnasal tract to cause acute lung injury in mice and the MSCs labeled by Brdu were administrated via vein into the mice. The migration and differention of the cells were identified by immunostaining and double immunostaining. The pathological changes, pulmonary edema index and the content of IL-1β in lung homogenate were used to accese the therapeutical effect of MSCs. Results The cultured MSCs dispalyed a positive CD44 and a negative CD34. The Brdu-labeled cells were detected in the lungs of the recipient 4 days after transplantation, indicating its origin of MSCs. Theses cells also exhibited characteristics of aveolar epithelials, expressing the cytokeratin-the marker of epithelium. Compared with the injuried ones, the mice treated with MSCs showed a decreased pulmonary edema in-dex and IL-1β content in the lung homogenate. Conclusion These data suggest a therapeutical effects of MSCs in treating and repairing the mouse acute lung injury.

AIM and METHODS: The effects of angiotensin II(AngII) on the activation of three transcription factors were investigated by using EMSA and western-blot methods in endothelial cells respectively. RESULTS: The EMSA results showed that AngII stimulation could increase NF-κB, SP-1 and AP-1 activation in ECV304, which suggested that activity changes in these three transcription factors could partly contribute to the dysfunction of endothelial cells.The binding affinity of NF-κB, SP-1 and AP-1 with corresponding oligonucleotides in AngII-treated ECV-304 were respectively 10.98,3.89,1.33 times as large as in control. The nuclear appearance of AngII-activated NF-κB was examined by western-blot, which corroborates our results from EMSA analysis. While as the protein appearance of AP-1 and SP-1 in nucleus, were little higher than the control group. The result of western-blot suggested that AngII-induced EC activation of these three transcription factors maybe mainly due to the enhanced binding ability to its corresponding cis-acting factors. CONCLUSION: NF-κB, a ubiquitously exposed nuclear transcription factor, is involved, together with SP-1,AP-1, in the regulation of endothelial cell dysfunction related to cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and hypertension.

AIM: To determine whether the high mobility group protein I (HMGI) is able to bind to the upstream sequence of platelet-derived growth factor B-chain gene and to characterize the HMGI-binding AT-rich regions. METHODS: Recombinant human HMGI (rhHMGI) protein was prepared and electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used. RESULTS: The binding of rhHMGI to PDGF-B (-1 758 / +43 bp) was observed in vitro. Two major HMGI-binding fragments -1 392 / -1 180 bp and -188 / +43 bp were identified, which contained the same AT-rich sequence TTTATAAA (-1 333 / -1 326 bp, -1 314 / -1 307 bp and -30 / -23 bp). An oligonucleotide bound to the TTTATAAA and the GAGACC, the core sequence of the shear stress response element of the PDGF-B, could also bind to the HMGI. Furthermore, HMGI facilitated the binding of NF-?B to the GAGACC in the oligonucleotide. CONCLUSION: The HMGI could bind to the upstream sequence of the PDGF-B gene via the AT-rich sequence TTTATAAA, which may play a role in the transcriptional regulation of the PDGF-B gene.

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of the different combinations of the main active parts in Yangyintongnao granule on the pharmacokinetics parameters of the two active components--ligustrazine and puerarin using the method of total amount statistic moment for pharmacokinetics.

METHODCombinations were formed according to the dosages of the four active parts (alkaloid, flavone, saponin, naphtha) by orthogonal experiment L9 (3(4)). Blood concentrations of ligustrazine and puerarin were determinated by HPLC at different time. Zero rank moment (AUC) and one rank moment (MRT, mean residence time) of ligustrazine and puerarin have been worked out to calculate the total amount statistic moment parameters was analyzed of Yangyintongnao granule by the method of the total amount statistic moment. The influence of different compatibilities on the pharmacokinetics parameters was analyzed by orthogonal test.

RESULTFlavone has the strongest effect than saponin on the total AUC. Ligustrazine has the strongest effect on the total MRT. Saponin has little effect on the two parameters, but naphtha has more effect on both of them. It indicates that naphtha may promote metabolism of ligustrazine and puerarin in rat.

CONCLUSIONTotal amount statistic moment parameters can be used to guide for compatibilities of TCM.

Animals ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for content determination of the related substance in fudosteine raw material and its preparations. METHODS： Fudosteine or its preparations produced by 8 domestic enterprises were taken as samples. HPLC method （external standard） was used to determine the contents of impurities A， B and C. The separation was performed on MGⅡ C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.12％ sodium hexane sulfonate solution （pH 2.0） at flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm， column temperature was 35 ℃ and sample size was 20 μL. The contents of impurities E， F， G were determined by HPLC method （principal component self-contrast method with correction factor）. The separation was performed on Altech Altima C18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.05 mol/L phosphate buffer-acetonitrile- water （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 200 nm， and the column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 20 μL. RESULTS： The linear ranges of impurity A， B， C， E， F and G were 0.446-22.291， 0.202-20.158， 0.101-12.082， 0.111 0-11.100， 0.210 4-10.520， 0.221 6-11.080 μg/mL， respectively. The limits of detection were 5.57， 1.01， 1.99， 2.22， 4.21， 4.43 ng， respectively. The limits of quantitation were 11.14， 2.02， 3.98， 4.45， 8.42， 8.85 ng， respectively. The relative correction factors of impurities E， F and G were 0.91， 1.42 and 1.73， respectively； their relative retention time were 0.88， 1.95 and 3.08. RSDs of precision （n＝6） and stability [impurity A （4 h，n＝3）， other impurities （24 h，n＝7）] tests were all lower than 2.0％. The average recoveries were 98.0％， 97.3％， 102.4％， 99.4％， 98.9％， 96.4％， respectively； RSDs were 1.4％， 1.5％， 1.1％， 0.9％， 1.2％， 0.5％ （n＝9）， respectively. Total contents of substances in fudosteine raw material or its preparation produced by 8 enterprises were all lower than 1.1％. CONCLUSIONS： Established method is sensitive and specific. The method can be used for the quantitative study on related substances in fudosteine raw material and its preparations．

Objective:To investigate personal exposures to nitrogen oxides(NOX)and nitrogen di-oxide(NO2)and the influence of baseline personal characteristics,living environment and daily activity patterns of the participants on the exposures among adults over 35 in Tianjin and Shanghai.Methods:In this panel study,91 healthy nonsmoking adults aged over 35 from Tianjin and Shanghai participated in our study.The study was conducted in summer and winter.The participants were followed for three times with an interval of at least two weeks.Only participants in Shanghai were followed once in winter because of the COVID-19 pandemic.Twenty-seven participants completed follow-up visits in both seasons.We measured their 24 h personal exposures to NOX and NO2and collected their baseline and time-activity in-formation through questionnaire/diary.The linear mixed model was used to analyze the associations be-tween potential influencing factors and personal NOX and NO2 exposure levels.Results:There were 349 follow-up visits with valid 24 h personal NO2 and NOX exposure measurements in the two cities.The ave-rage 24 h personal exposures to NO2 and NOX(volume fraction)in Tianjin participants were 18.0 x 10-9 and 26.2 × 10-9 in summer,and 31.0 x 10-9 and 54.9 x 10-9in winter,respectively;and the average 24 h personal exposures to NO2 and NOX in Shanghai participants were 38.7 x 10-9and 100.0x10-9in summer,and 45.5 x10-9 and 139.2 x 10-9 in winter,respectively.The results of univariate regression analysis showed that their personal NOX exposure levels were significantly associated with city,season,gender,average daily cooking times,and ambient NO2 concentrations measured at fixed-site monitoring stations.In addition to the above factors,the personal NOX exposure levels were also significantly associ-ated with educational level and the personal NO2 exposure levels were also significantly associated with passive smoking,average daily home time,cooking energy type,residential distance from main traffic road,and use of kitchen ventilators.Multivariate regression analysis showed that the personal exposure levels of NO2 and NOX were significantly lower in Tianjin than that in Shanghai,were significantly lower in summer than that in winter,and were significantly and positively associated with ambient NO2 concen-trations measured at fixed-site monitoring stations.In addition,personal NOX exposure levels were signifi-cantly lower in females than in males,and personal NO2 exposure levels were significantly positively asso-ciated with average daily cooking times and significantly inversely associated with average daily home time.For every interquartile range(IQR)increase(12.7 × 10-9)in ambient NO2,the personal NO2 exposure levels increased by 27.5％(95％CI:17.0％-38.9％),and personal NOX exposure levels in-creased by 16.1％(95％CI:7.1％-25.8％).Conclusion:Season,city and ambient NO2 concentra-tions are significant influencing factors of personal exposure levels of NO2and NOX At the same time,the personal exposures levels of NO2 are also affected by lifestyle factors.Our study provides scientific evi-dence for making precise air pollution control decisions and reducing the exposure levels of NOX in the population.