Purpose:To study the pathological characteristics of breast duct diseases with nipple discharge under breast duct endoscope and improve diagnostic accuracy.Methods:354 patients with nipple discharge were examined by fiberoptic duct endoscope (FVS 3000M), to investigate the suspected duct with its branch and detemine the location and extent of intraductal lesions, core biopsy can be done in suspicious leisions.Results:245 patients were found to have intraductal space occupying lesions, 97 patients were found to have exudative lesions, normal duct in 9 cases.186 cases underwent surgery, diagnosis was confirmed by pathology in 96.2%.Conclusions:Fiberoptic duct endoscopy can locate accurate site and pathogeny of nipple discharge ,to allow improvement in diagnosis of early breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of breast mass-like lesions by digital breast tomosynthesis technique (DBT) versus full field digital mammography (FFDM).Methods 182 breast mass cases undergoing respectively DBT and FFDM diagnosis were reviewed to evaluate the the sensitivity,specificity and accuracy,breast BI-RADS classification and differences of edge character.Results Of the 182 cases,101 cases were malignant,81 cases were benign.DBT and FFDM in malignant mass detection rate were 95.0％ and 95.0％ respectively,the benign tumor detection rate were 80.2％ and 80.2％ respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The diagnostic sensitivity was 93.1％ (94/101) and 82.2％ (83/101),specificity was 66.7％ (54/81) and 53.1％ (43/81),accuracy was 81.3％ (148/182) and 69.2％ (126/182),all the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).The BI-RADS classification difference of the malignant mass was statistically significant (x2 =12.912,P =0.044 5),and the benign mass was also statistically significant (x2 =12.739,P =0.026 0).The clear edge benign tumors detected by DBT and FFDM respectively were 65 and 45 cases (x2 =10.224,P =0.001 4).The spicule sign detected by DBT and FFDM respectively in malignant tumors were 71 and 50 cases (x2 =8.244,P =0.004 1).Conclusion DBT compared to traditional FFDM photography improves the lesion visibility,increases the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity,conducing to the identification of benign and malignant lesions.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of digital breast tomosynthesis technique (DBT) in breast suspicious calcified lesions.Methods Clinical data of 135 patients using DBT and FFDM (Full field digital mammography) was respectively analyzed.Results Of the 135 cases,43 cases were malignant,and 92 cases were benign.The diagnostic sensitivity DBT and FFDM were 93.0％ (40/43)and 88.4％ (38/43),specificity were 88.0％ (81/92) and 75.0％ (69/92),accuracy were 89.6％ (121/135) and 79.3％ (107/135),the differences were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).The ROC curve area (AUC) of DBT and FFDM were 0.905 ± 0.026 and 0.817 ± 0.034 (P =0.000 2).In premenopausal,postmenopausal and breast density ACR3-4 cases,DBT accuracy is higher than FFDM (P ＜ 0.05).The BI-RADS classification difference of the benign calcified lesions was statistically significant (x2 =11.740,P =0.038 5).Conclusions Compared with the traditional FFDM,DBT has a higher value in the diagnosis of breast suspicious calcified lesions,especially for benign calcified lesions.

Objective:To investigate the risk factors of acute biliopancreatic complica-tions in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone and construction of prediction model.Methods:The retrospective case-control study was constructed. The clinical data of 98 patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone who were admitted to the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from September 2011 to October 2022 and 53 patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone who were admitted to Gansu Provincial Hospital May 2014 to October 2021 were collected. The age of 151 patients was 29(25,32)years. Observation indicators: (1) situations of patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone; (2) risk factors of acute biliopancreatic com-plications in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone; (3) construction of prediction model for acute biliopancreatic complications in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the Mann-Whitney U test. Count data were described as absolute numbers, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. Comparison of ordinal data was conducted using the rank sum test. Univariate and multi-variate analyses were conducted using the Logistic regression model. Nomogram prediction model was conducted, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate discri-mination of the nomogram predic-tion model. The calibration curve and clinical decision curve were used to evaluate calibration and net clinical benefit of the nomogram prediction model. Internal validation of the prediction model was performed by applying 10-fold cross-validation. Results:(1) Situations of patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone. The total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, prepregnancy body mass index (<18.5 kg/m 2, 18.5?24.0 kg/m 2, >24.0 kg/m 2), gesta-tional period (early, mid, late), primipara (positive, negative), stone type (solitary, non solitary), diameter of stone (≤10 mm, >10 mm), gallbladder wall thickness (≥4 mm, <4 mm) were (4.9±1.4)mmol/L, 1.88(1.22,2.93)mmol/L, 1.48(1.22,1.83)mmol/L, (2.8±0.9)mmol/L, 13, 75, 58, 37, 45, 69, 86, 65, 37, 114, 89, 62, 38, 113 in the 151 patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone. Of the 151 patients, the age, prepregnancy body mass index (<18.5 kg/m 2, 18.5?24.0 kg/m 2, >24.0 kg/m 2), primipara (positive, negative), stone type (solitary, non solitary), diameter of stone (≤10 mm, >10 mm), gallbladder wall thickness (≥4 mm, <4 mm) were 31(28,37)years, 3, 30, 36, 29, 40, 32, 37, 26, 43, 4, 65 in 69 cases without symptom, versus 27(24,31)years, 10, 45, 22, 57, 25, 5, 77, 63, 19, 34, 48 in 82 cases combined with acute biliopancreatic complications, showing significant differences in the above indicators between them ( Z=?3.636, ?2.385, χ2=11.544, 32.862, 23.729, 25.310, P<0.05). Five of the 82 patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone missed data of prepregnancy body mass index. Of the 82 patients, there were 42 patients of simple acute cholecystitis, 40 patients of common bile duct stone and/or acute biliary pancreatitis including 18 cases of common bile duct stone, 13 cases of acute biliary pancreatitis and 9 cases of common bile duct stone combined with acute biliary pancreatitis. (2) Risk factors of acute biliopancreatic complications in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone. Results of multivariate analysis showed that primipara, non solitary stone, diameter of stone ≤10 mm, gallbladder wall thickness ≥4 mm were independent risk factors of acute biliopancreatic complications in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone ( odds ratio=3.102, 6.305, 3.674, 6.686, 95% confidence interval as 1.280?7.519, 1.886?21.080, 1.457?9.265, 1.984?22.528, P<0.05). Results of multivariate analysis in further analysis showed that primipara, non solitary stone, gallbladder wall thickness ≥4 mm were independent risk factors of simple acute cholecystitis in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone ( odds ratio=3.671, 8.905, 7.137, 95% confidence interval as 1.386?9.723, 2.332?34.006, 1.902?26.773, P<0.05), and age, non solitary stone, diameter of stone ≤10 mm, gallbladder wall thickness ≥4 mm were independent risk factors of common bile duct stone and/or acute biliary pancreatitis in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone ( odds ratio=0.883, 5.361, 5.472, 8.895, 95% confidence interval as 0.789?0.988, 1.062?27.071, 1.590?18.827, 2.064?38.325, P<0.05). (3) Construction of prediction model for acute biliopancreatic complications in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone. The nomogram prediction model for acute biliopancreatic complications in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone was constructed based on the clinical factors of age, primipara, stone type, diameter of stone and gallbladder wall thickness. The area under the curve (AUC) of ROC curve of prediction model was 0.869 (95% confidence interval as 0.813?0.923), indicating that the prediction model with good predictive ability. Results of Hosmer-Lemeshow test showed a good fit ( χ2=5.680, P>0.05), indicating that the prediction model with good calibration. Results of decision curve analysis showed the prediction model with high net clinical benefit. Results of internal validation of the prediction model based on 10-fold cross-validation showed the AUC of ROC curve for the cross-validation sample was 0.833, indicating that the prediction model with good stability. Conclusions:Primigravida, non solitary stone, diameter of stone ≤10 mm, gallbladder wall thickness ≥4 mm are independent risk factors of acute biliopancreatic complications in patients of pregnancy combined with gallbladder stone. The prediction model for acute biliopancreatic complications has good predictive ability.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the predictive factors affecting sentinel lymph node status in early breast cancer patients.

METHODSClinicopathological data of 1 038 patients with early breast cancer, who underwent sentinel lymph node biopsy in Henan Tumor Hospital between July 2010 and August 2013, were reviewed. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the relevance of clinicopathological features with sentinel lymph node metastases.

RESULTSThis group was consisted of 1 038 female patients with an average of 48.6 years. Positive sentinel lymph nodes were found in 22.9% (238/1 038) of the patients. The average number of sentinel lymph nodes removed by surgery was 3.8. Tumor size, tumor location, histopathology, ER/PR status and Ki-67 level were significantly correlated with SLN metastasis(P < 0.05 for all). All the above factors but Ki-67 level were significant independent predictors for SLN metastasis(P < 0.01 for all).

CONCLUSIONNegative hormone receptor status, invasive cancer of non-specific histopathological type, tumor size >2 cm, and tumor location in the outer upper quadrat are independent predictive factors of sentinel lymph node metastasis in patients with early breast cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy ; Tumor Burden ; Young Adult