AIM: To investigate the effects and safe of low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) in the treatment of patients with chronic pulmonary heart diseases (CPHD) at hypercoagulability state. METHODS: 65 patients were randomly assigned to treatment group (n=33) and control group (n=32). All patients were given routine treatments. The patients of treatment group were hypodermically injected with 4 100～6 150 U of LMWH per day for 7 days as a course. RESULTS: After 7 days of the treatments, the patients of treatment group showed better curative effect and significantly increase in PaO_2 and AT-III and decrease in PaCO_2 and FIB in comparison with the patients in control group (P

Objective To evaluate the role of c?Jun N?terminal kinase ( JNK) and p38 mitogen?ac?tivated protein kinase ( p38MAPK) signaling pathways in attenuation of myocardial ischemia?reperfusion ( I∕R) injury by morphine postconditioning. Methods Healthy adult male Sprague?Dawley rats, weighing 180-240 g, were used in the study. Their hearts were excised and retrogradely perfused in a Langendorff apparatus with Krebs?Ringer ( K?R) buffer saturated with 95% O2?5% O2 at 37℃. After 15 min of equili?bration, 52 isolated hearts were divided into 4 groups ( n=13 each) using a random number table: control group (group C), I∕R group, morphine postconditioning group (group MP), and morphine postcondition?ing plus anisomycin group ( group MP+A) . The hearts were continuously perfused with K?R buffer for 105 min in group C. In group I∕R, the hearts were subjected to 45 min of global ischemia by stopping perfusion with K?R buffer, followed by 60 min of reperfusion by restoration of perfusion with K?R buffer. In group MP, the hearts were subjected to 45 min of global ischemia, followed by 10 min of reperfusion with K?R buffer containing 3?0 μmol∕L morphine and then by 50 min of reperfusion with K?R buffer. In group MP+A, the hearts were subjected to 45 min of global ischemia, followed by 10 min of reperfusion with K?R buffer containing 3?0 μmol∕L morphine and 1?0 μmol∕L anisomycin ( an activator of JNK and p38MAPK) and then by 50 min of reperfusion with K?R buffer. At 60 min of reperfusion, 8 hearts in each group were selected for measurement of the myocardial infarction and amount of creatine kinase?MB ( CK?MB) released from the myocardium, and the myocardial infarct size was calculated. At 20 min of reperfusion, 5 hearts in each group were selected to detect the expression of phosphorylated JNK ( p?JNK ) , phosphorylated p38MAPK ( p?p38MAPK) and cytochrome c ( Cyt c) in myocardial tissues ( by Western blot) and content of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD+) in myocardial tissues ( by spectrophotometry ) . Results Compared to group C, the myocardial infarct size and amount of CK?MB released from the myocardium were significantly increased, the expression of p?JNK, p?p38MAPK and Cyt c was significantly up?regulated, and the content of NAD+ was significantly decreased in I∕R, MP and MP+A groups ( P<0?05) . Compared to group I∕R, the myocardial infarct size and amount of CK?MB released from the myocardium were signifi?cantly decreased in MP and MP+A groups, and the expression of p?JNK, p?p38MAPK and Cyt c was sig?nificantly down?regulated, and the content of NAD+ was significantly increased in group MP (P<0?05). Compared to group MP , the myocardial infarct size and amount of CK?MB released from the myocardium were significantly increased, the expression of p?JNK, p?p38MAPK and Cyt c was significantly up?regula?ted, and the content of NAD+ was significantly decreased in group MP+A (P<0?05). Conclusion The mechanism by which morphine postconditioning attenuates myocardial I∕R injury is related to inhibition of activation of JNK and p38MAPK signaling pathways in rats.

Objective To observe the degeneration of Brugia malayi in Meriones unguiculatus model. Methods Microfilaria of Brugia malayi derived from Meriones unguiculatus was used to infect Anopheles sinensis . Infective stage larvae (L 3) from mosquito vector were collected and inoculated into abdomen of Meriones unguiculatus. Successive 33 generations of the parasite in the rodent model have been observed. Results Since 1974 when the animal model was established, the parasite has lasted for 33 generations, the positive rate of Meriones unguiculatus with microfilaria gradually reduced from 80% of the 28th generation to 16% of the 32nd generation and finally to 0 at the 33rd generation. Conclusion It became difficult for the larvae of Brugia malayi to develop and/or reproduce in the animal model after multiple inoculations for generations.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,artificial cervical disc replacement surgery as a new method for the treatment of cervical disease has gradualy been accepted and understood,but relevant complications have gradualy attracted attention.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical outcomes of artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical disease and the range of motion of the replacement segment.METHODS: A total of 25 patients with artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical spondylosis,who were treated in the Department of Orthopedics,Air Force General Hospital of Chinese PLA from August 2006 to April 2012,were enroled in this study,including 15 males and 10 females,aged 31-76 years,averagely 51.04 years.There were 6 cases of double segments and 19 cases of single segment.They were folowed up for 24 to 93 months.Clinical results were assessed using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score,cervical dysfunction index and pain visual analog scale scores.Imaging was used to observe range of motion,cervical curvature,heterotopic ossification,and degeneration of adjacent segments.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Neurological function in al patients was improved to different degrees.One case suffered from mild heterotopic ossification,but no clinical symptoms were found.No significant difference in range of motion of surgical segment,and range of motion of upper and lower adjacent segments was detected between pre-replacement and final folow-up results (P＞0.05).No significant difference in range of motion of C2-C7 was found between pre-replacement and final folow-up results (P＞0.05).Japanese Orthopaedic Association score,cervical dysfunction index and pain visual analog scale scores were significantly improved during final folow-up compared with pre-replacement (P＜0.05).These results indicated that artificial cervical disc replacement in the treatment of cervical disease can achieve better clinical efficacy,can keep the range of motion of replacement segment and avoid the accelerated degeneration of adjacent segments.