Adrenergic receptors are members of the G-protein coupled receptor superfamily. Recent studies revealed that these adrenergic receptors are playing an important role in the growth and metastasis of prostate cancer cells. The expression of adrenergic receptors rises significantly in prostate cancer cells and tissues. Agonists of these receptors promote the growth and mobility of prostate cancer cells, while antagonists may suppress their proliferation, trigger their apoptosis, and inhibit their metastasis. Clinically, receptor antagonists can significantly reduce the risk of prostate cancer and improve its prognosis after androgen depravation therapy. This article presents an overview on the roles of adrenergic receptors in prostate cancer.
Adrenergic Agonists ; pharmacology ; Adrenergic Antagonists ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Adrenergic ; drug effects ; physiology

Objective To explore quality of life and coping style of autistic children' s parents, and correlation between them. Methods 68 parents of children with autism and 64 healthy children' s parents were tested with comprehensive assessment questionnaire of the quality of life and coping style questionnaire. Data were analyzed by t -test and multivariate regression analysis. Results The scores of material life and mental health dimensions in study group(48.18 ± 12.80,60.63 ± 10.18 ) were lower than that in control group(52.71±9.84,65.79±8.64) and the difference was significant( t= -2.04, P＜0.05; t= -3.09, P＜0.01 ). The scores of "problem solving" coping style in study group were slower than in control group; the scores of fantasy and wincing coping style in study group were higher than that in control group. By multivariate regression analysis showed that the scores of "problem solving" coping style were positively correlated with total score of life quality,physical health,mental health and social function dimensions; the scores of "fantasy" coping style had negative correlation with the total score of life quality; the scores of "wincing" coping style had negative correlation with mental health dimension. Conclusion Parents of autistic children were more susceptible to problems of physical life and mental health. Compared to parents of normal children they are more in "fantasy and wineing style and less in" problem solving style to cope with stress, so it would affect the quality of life and mental health badly and need early intervention.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of berberine for the treatment of insulin resistance (IR) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods Sixty PCOS-IR women were randomized into treatment group and control group,30 cases in each group.At the end of the trial,26 cases in the treatment group (4 cases dropped out) and 29 cases in the control group (one case dropped out) completed the trial.The treatment group was treated with berberine orally,and the control group was treated with metformin orally,the treatment for the two groups lasting 3 months.Before and after treatment,we observed the parameters of body mass index (BMI),homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),fasting insulin (FINS),2-hour postprandial glucose after oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT2hPG) and 2-hour postprandial insulin after OGTT (OGTT2hINS),blood lipid levels of total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),and sexual hormones of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),luteotropic hormone (LH),testosterone (T) and LH/FSH ratio.Results BMI,HOMA-IR,TC,TG and LDL-C of the two groups were decreased after treatment (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 compared with those before treatment),but the differences between the two groups were insignificant(P ＞ 0.05).Serum levels of T and LH as well as LH/FSH ratio in the treatment group were also decreased (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01 compared with those before treatment and those in the control group after treatment).Conclusion Berberine can improve HOMA-IR,decrease serum sexual hormones levels,and regulate the blood metabolism in PCOS-IR women,and its effect is similar to that of metformin.

Objective To explore the characteristics of subjective quality of life and family environment in children with tic disorder (TD) combined with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods The Inventory of Subjective Life Quality (ISLQ) for Child and Adolescent and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV) were used to assess the subjective quality of life and family environment in 60 children with TD combined with ADHD (observation group) and 60 children with TD not combined with ADHD (control group). Results The scores in peer interaction, school life, self-cognition, depression experience, overall satisfaction of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in ISLQ; the scores in intellectual-cultural orientation, cohesion and organization of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in FES-CV. Conclusion Children with TD combined with ADHD had low subjective quality of life and poor family environment.

Objective To explore the characteristics of subjective quality of life and family environment in children with tic disorder (TD) combined with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods The Inventory of Subjective Life Quality (ISLQ) for Child and Adolescent and Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV) were used to assess the subjective quality of life and family environment in 60 children with TD combined with ADHD (observation group) and 60 children with TD not combined with ADHD (control group). Results The scores in peer interaction, school life, self-cognition, depression experience, overall satisfaction of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in ISLQ; the scores in intellectual-cultural orientation, cohesion and organization of the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05) in FES-CV. Conclusion Children with TD combined with ADHD had low subjective quality of life and poor family environment.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; classification ; pathology ; World Health Organization

Objective To investigate the curative effect of low-temperature plasma-assisted uvulopalatopharyngoplasty(UP-PP)in the patients with positional and non-positional obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Methods Twenty-six patients with OSAHS diagnosed by polysomnography monitoring receiving the low-temperature plasma-assisted UPPP in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2015 were selected and divided into the positional OSAHS group(PPs) and non-positional OSAHS group(NPPs) according to the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) under different sleep positional status.The AHI change before and after operation and operation effective rate were compared between the two groups.Results Theoverall AHI,supine position AHI and lateral position AHI in the PPs group all were lower than those in the NPPs group(P＜0.05),moreover the blood oxygen related indexes were higher than those in the NPPs group(P＜0.05).The overall surgical effective rate in the OSAHS patients was 73.08％ (19/26),in which the surgical effective rate was 100％ (7/7) in the PPs group and 63.16％ (12/19) in the NPPs group,the difference between the two groups had no statistical significance(P=0.13).The postoperative total AHI,supine position AHI and lateral position AHI in the two groups were decreased compared with before operation(P＜0.05);the decrease range of lateral position AHI in the NPPs group was significantly higher than that in the supine position AHI[0.96(0.86,1.00)vs.0.53(0.34,0.77),P＜0.01].78.95 ％ (15/19) postoperation patients in the NPPs group converted to PPs.Conclusion Low-temperature plasma-assisted UPPP has some effects on OSAHS patients,in which the benefit of NPPs are more apparent.

Objective To discuss the feasibility and clinical outcomes of mini-open reduction through lateral deltoid muscle and locking plate fixation in treatment of proximal humeral fractures.Methods A retrospective study was carried out on 39 patients with proximal humeral fractures treated with mini-open reduction through lateral deltoid muscle and locking plate fixation from September 2012 to September 2015.There were 7 males and 32 females,with a mean age of 66.8 years (range,33-86 years).According to the Neer's classification system,there were 26 patients with two-part fracture and 13 with three-part fracture.visual analogue scale (VAS),Constant-Murley shoulder score,time of bone healing and complications were evaluated for all patients.Results All patients were followed up for 12-48 months (mean,21.3 months).All fractures were proved to be bone healing with duration of (12.0 ± 2.7) weeks.The VAS was improved from preoperative (5.7 ± 1.0) points to (0.9 ± 0.6) points at the final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).The Constant-Murley shoulder score was increased from preoperative (42.3 ±5.1) points to (89.2± 2.5)points at the final follow-up (P ＜ 0.05).Ranges of shoulder motion were improved with satisfactions.There were no complications like axillary nerve injury,loss of reduction,nonunion or humeral head necrosis.Conclusion For proximal humeral fractures,the miniopen reduction through lateral deltoid muscle and locking plate fixation has advantages of minimal invasion,excellent shoulder function,high rate of bone healing and low incidence of complications.

Objective To explore the correlation between family environment and self-concept of children with attention deficit hyperactivitydisorder (ADHD). Methods Family Environment Scales Chinese Version (FES-CV) and Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale(PHCSS) were used to evaluate 79 children with ADHD and 71 normal children. Results The scores of behavior, intelligence and school,physical appearance, sociability, happiness and satisfaction, and total scores of PHCSS were lower in ADHD group than in normal group (P<0.05). Compared with the normal group, the ADHD group presented lower scores in cohesion, independence, intellectual-cultural orientation,moral religious emphasis, organization (P<0.05) and obviously higher score in conflicts (P<0.01) in FES-CV. The stepwise regressionanalysis showed that moral religion emphasis of FES-CV was a major risk factor to total scores of PHCSS in ADHD children (P<0.05). ConclusionChildren with ADHD show more family dysfunction, which may correlated with their poor self-concept.

OBJECTIVETo explore the anti-tumor immunity in vitro induced by prostate cancer cell vaccine transfected with recombinant adenovirus encoding 4-1BBL in mice.

METHODSThe replication-deficient adenovirus AdEasy-1 system was used to construct recombinant adenovirus Ad-m4-1BBL and Ad-eGFP. The prostate cancer cell RM-1 of mice was transfected with Ad-m4-1BBL and Ad-eGFP, and treated with mitomycin (MMC) to produce TCV, TCV-Ad-eGFP and TCV-Ad-m4-1BBL, followed by co-culture with syngeneic murine spleen cells. Then the cytotoxic activity of the lymphocytes against RM-1 cells was analyzed with CCK-8 solution, and IL-2 and INF-gamma were detected by ELISA.

RESULTSThe 4-1BBL protein was highly expressed in the TCV-Ad-m4-1BBL of the 4-1BBL-transfected mice. TCV-Ad-m4-1BBL significantly increased the expressions of IL-2 ([180.24 +/- 2.22] pg/ml) and INF-gamma ([1512.46 +/- 23.64] pg/ml) as compared with TCV and TCV-Ad-eGFP (P < 0.05), and induced higher RM-1 cell specific cytotoxicity ([34.24 +/- 2.64]%) than the latter two ([9.82 +/- 1.48]%) and ([14.65 +/- 3. 21]%), (P < 0.05). But none of them exhibited significant cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma Hepal-6.

CONCLUSIONThe m4-1BBL-expressing prostate cancer cell vaccine can effectively induce anti-tumor immune responses.

4-1BB Ligand ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; Cancer Vaccines ; genetics ; immunology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; genetics ; Female ; Interleukin-2 ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Transfection