To survey the time management disposition of the medical postgraduates,the Time Management Disposition Scale were used on 774 medical postgraduates for investigation in 2009. The difference of medical postgraduate from the countryside,towns and cities on time management disposition is not significant ( P＞0.05 ) ; Students of different gender have significant difference ( P＜0.05 ). The female postgraduates cultivation on time management disposition needs to be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic significance of combined detection of neuron specific enolase (NSE ) , cytokeratin 19 fragment(CYFRA21-1) ,carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) ,carbohydrate antigen 125(CA125) ,carbohydrate antigen 19-9(CA19-9) and serum ferritin(SF) in non-small-cell lung cancer(NSCLC) .Methods NSE ,CYFRA21-1 ,CEA ,CA125 ,CA19-9 and SF were detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay in 52 patients with NSCLC(NSCLC group) ,35 patients with benign lung diseases(benign lung diseases group) and 44 healthy controls(control group) .Results These serum tumor markers in NSCLC group were significantly higher than those in benign lung diseases group and control group(P<0 .01) .Serum level of CEA was ob-viously higher ,while CYFRA21-1 was lower in patients with adenocarcinoma than those in patients with squamous carcinoma(P<0 .05) .The sensitivity(96 .2% ) ,specificity(87 .3% ) and accuracy(90 .8% ) of combined detection of these tumor markers preceded any single ones .Conclusion The combined detection of NSE ,CYFRA21-1 ,CEA ,CA125 ,CA19-9 and SF can improve the diagnos-tic sensitivity and accuracy of NSCLC ,which could provide higher clinical value in the diagnosis of NSCLC .

Exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells have shown great therapeutic potential in regenerative medicine .In this study, we performed meta-analysis to assess the clinical effectiveness of using exosomes in ischemia /reperfusion injury based on the reports pub-lished between January 2000 and September 2015 and indexed in the PubMed and Web of Science databases .The effect of exosomes on heart function was evaluated according to the following parameters:the area at risk as a percentage of the left ventricle , infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk , infarct size as a percentage of the left ventricle , left ventricular ejection fraction , left ventricular frac-tion shortening , end-diastolic volume , and end-systolic volume .Our analysis indicated that the currently available evidence confirmed the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cell-secreted exosomes in the improvement of heart function .However , further mechanis-tic studies, therapeutic safety and clinical trials are required for optimization and validation of this approach to cardiac regeneration after ischemia/reperfusion injury .

Developments in science and technology include the use of laser as an auxiliary device in treating oral diseases. Nd:YAG laser is convenient and safe to use. Nd:YAG laser irradiation leaves no scabby area on the wound surface, causes a mild reaction postoperation, and promotes high comfort. Therefore, this treatment has attracted increasing attention in the clinical setting. This review enumerates the applications of water-cooled pulsed Nd:YAG laser in hard and soft tissues in oral medicine. Nd:YAG laser in hard tissues can be applied in cavity preparation, acid etching, root canal preparation and sterilization, and dentin desensitization therapy. Meanwhile, the applications of this laser in soft tissues include adjunctive therapy in basic periodontitis treatment, gingival aesthetic treatment, and resection. This review suggests the importance of Nd:YAG laser as an auxiliary device in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases.
Dental Cavity Preparation ; Dentin ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Oral Medicine ; instrumentation ; methods ; Root Canal Preparation

BACKGROUND: Tissue engineering provides a new way for the repair of urinary tissue and organ defects.Urinary tissue engineering has shown a bright prospect.OBJECTIVE: To review the latest research on urinary tissue engineering at national and international level.METHODS: With the keywords of tissue engineering, urology, scaffold, vascularization in Chinese and in English,respectively, a computer-based search for articles published from January 2000 to January 2016 was performed in CNKI and PubMed databases. The articles addressing urology tissue engineering, scaffolds and vascularization were collected,summarized and analyzed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The selection and cultivation of seed cells, scaffold material performance, tissue construction in vitro, and degree of vascularization all make an important influence on the repair of urinary injuries. As different seed cells hold different biological characteristics, we should make full consideration prior to choosing an appropriate seed cell, so as to pave a good foundation for urinary tissue engineering. Scaffolds with good three-dimensional structure can promote the cell growth and proliferation, tissue in-growth and vascularization.Tissue-engineered materials are superior to traditional repair materials, but still on initial stage, and further large scale trials will be necessary. Moreover, some problems needed to be solved, such as the regenerated tissue with incomplete function different from natural tissues, and regeneration failure caused by biological stent rejection.

AIM: This study was using man-made dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine and dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol to prepare antisense oligodeoxynucleotide(AsON) anionic liposomes and to investigate the inhibitory effect of an antisense phosphothioate oligodeoxynucleotides(AS-ODNs) liposome targeting BlaR1 mRNA in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA).METHODS: Designed and synthesized AS-ODNs by software.Prepare liposome by thin film-dispersion,lyophilized technique.The appearances of liposomes were observed by transmission electron microscope.The liposomes were purified by centrifuge.The encapsulation efficiencies and the leaking efficiencies were determined by UV methods.The release properties in vitro were determined by agitation in PBS.The total colony forming unit(CFU) was counted.The bacteria growth curve was drawn by microplate reader.RESULTS: The liposomes were in spherical shape with uniform size.The encapsulation efficiency was(77.38)% and the leaking efficiency was(0.18)% after 1 month in lyophilized condition.The liposomes released 60% drug after 24h when incubated in PBS with mild agitation.The AS-ODNs liposome could significantly inhibit the growth of MRSA compared with control group and those AS-ODNs didn't encapsulated in liposome.Liposome encapsulated different concentration AS-ODNs could significantly decrease the CFU of MRSA,which showed a concentration dependent manner(P

AIM:Atherosclerosis primarily involved systemic arteries .Luminal surface , a monolayer of endothelial cells , of artery directly exposes to blood and is susceptible to active substances in the blood .Exosomes contain significantly amount of proteins and RNAs .Ex-osomes can be good and bad for cells , depending on their component .Thus, exosomes may contribute to atherosclerosis by affecting endothelial cells .This study analyzed the relationship of exosome proteins and atherosclerosis .METHODS: Fifty-six patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons:healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and hypertension vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( HT vs HT+AS) .Serum exosomes were decoded by protein mass spectrometry .The protein profile and function were analyzed by gene ontology ( GO) .RESULTS:It was found that five child terms repeatedly appeared in “response to stimulus” and “immune system process” of BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“positive regulation of innate immune response”,“immune response-activating signal transduction”,”activation of innate immune response”,“innate immune re-sponse-activating signal transduction” and “innate immune response activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway ”.Two child terms repeatedly showed in “binding” of MF of the two categories:“antigen binding” and “enzyme binding”.Two proteins, PSMA6 and PSMA7, were repeatedly shown in the two categories .CONCLUSION:GO analysis was utilized for structure hierarchy “tree” to illustrate these proteins involved in various terms in BP , CC and MF.The PPI analysis supplied proteins which may play potentially im-portant roles in AS process .Innate immune system and blood coagulation pathway contribute to AS formation .The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and Annexin A2, may can be the new target proteins for prevention and treatment of AS .

AIM:To analyze the proteins included in exosomes derived from blood of patients with hypertension and seek the main pathologi -cal changes in hypertension .METHODS:Forty-seven patients and healthy subjects were recruited and divided into two comparisons :healthy subjects vs atherosclerosis ( HS vs AS) , and atherosclerosis vs hypertension plus atherosclerosis ( AS vs HT+AS) .We extrac-ted exosomes from blood and utilized LC-MS/MS to identify the protein expression .We used GO analysis to established the hierarchy programs of biological process and molecular function .PPI was used to find the proteins related to the terms .RESULTS:It was found that three final child terms repeatedly shown in BP of the two categories ( HS vs AS and AS vs HT+AS):“signal transduction in re-sponse to DNA damage”,“response to zinc ion”, and“platelet aggregation”.It was found that two final child terms in MF of the two categories:“interleukin 2 receptor binding” and“ploy(A) RNA binding”.The proteins, PSMA6, PSMA7 and CA2, were related to the terms in the two categories .CONCLUSION: We discovered that the exosome proteins may indicate the pathological changes in hypertension through the biological processes related with the specific proteins .These specific proteins, such as VCL, PSMA6, DP, AKAP, ATP5B and CA2, can be the new indicators for severity of hypertension and new therapeutic targets .

Objietive Observe the clinical curative effect of PPH in treatment of complexity hemorrhoids and circular hemorrhoid. Methods From January 2010 to January 2014, the clinical data of 278 patients who underwent PPH to treat complexity hemorrhoids, mixed hemorrhoid and circular hemorrhoid were retrospectively analyzed. The postoperative recent and forward curative effect was observed. Results The average operativetime was 28 minutes, and the average hospital stay were 6. 1 days. There were postoperative complications such as pain, anal skin edema, bleeding and urinary retention. 186 cases were cured (66. 9%),35 cases were markedly improved (12. 6%),20 ca-ses were of poor effect (7. 2%),and recurrence occured in 37 cases (13. 3%). Conclusion PPH has the advantages of simple in operation and quick in postoperative recovery. But there were to many postoperative complications and the recurrence rate is high. So PPH needs more further observation and study.

Objective To study the anatomic data of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and to provide anatomical basis for clinical tissue transplantation based on the first metatarsal dorsal artery.Methods The 16 adult cadaver specimens with 32 feet were dissected and meas-ured by vernier caliper.Then the anatomic data of the first metatarsal dorsal artery were analyzed.Results Through the examinations of 32 feet sample,the first metatarsal dorsal artery were classified into 5 types.Type Ⅰ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs at the surface of the first dorsal interosseous muscle (13 sides,40.6%).Type Ⅱ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs in the interior of the first dorsal interosse-ous muscle (11sides,34.4%).Type Ⅲ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery runs underneath the first dorsal interosseous muscle (6 sides, 18.8%).Type Ⅳ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery is slender (1 side,3.1%).TypeⅤ:the first metatarsal dorsal artery is absent (1 side, 3.1%).Distance relationship was measured between the first metatarsal bone and the first metatarsal dorsal artery:the vertical distance be-tween the origin of the posterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and base of the first metatarsal bone was (2.4 ±0.3)mm,the ver-tical distance between the origin of the posterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and head of the first metatarsal bone was (10.1 ±1.0)mm;the vertical distance between the origin of the anterior branch of the first metatarsal dorsal artery and the first metatarso-phalangeal joint was (7.6 ±2.7)mm.Conclusion The first metatarsal dorsal artery has clinical reference significance for the hands and feet’s trauma and skin flap transplantation such as thumb reconstruction.