Objective To investigate the relationship between interleukin (IL)-34 and bone erosions in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) patients.Methods Forty PsA patients,20 psoriasis (Ps) patients and 20 healthy volunteers were recruited into this study.The levels of IL-34 and osteoclast related cytokines [including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL),osteoclast precursors (OPG)] were detected in the serum samples of all subjects.The correlations among IL-34,the number of osteoclast precursors (OCP),disease activity and imaging scores were analyzed.All data were analyzed by graphpad prism 6.Differences between groups was analyzed with One-way analysis of variance,q tests,and Spearman's correlation was used to explore the relation between disease activity/radiographic scores and laboratory results and followed by linear regressions.Results The serum level of IL-34 in patients with PsA [(328±476) pg/ml] was higher than that in Ps [(33±52) pg/ml,q =3.92,P＜0.01] and healthy controls [(32±32) pg/ml,q =3.93,P＜0.01],the erosive PsA group were higher than the non-erosive PsA group [(449±527) pg/ml and (47±24) pg/ml,q=4.04,P＜0.01].The levels of TNF-α,RANKL and OCP in patients with PsA [(125±79) pg/ml,(488± 475) pg/ml and (17.7±4.8) 5 sigh views] were higher than those in PS [(40±22) pg/ml,(26±3) pg/ml and (5.2± 0.8),q=7.32,6.14 and 2.94,P＜0.01] and healthy controls [(41±19) pg/ml,(65±8) pg/ml and (6.2±1.8),q=6.67,5.62 and 2.71,P＜0.01],whereas the OPG/RANKL ratio in PsA patients (0.5±0.4) was significantly lower than Ps patients (4.3±2.7,q=-3.30,P＜0.01) and healthy controls (1.8±0.6,q=-1.72,P＜0.01).IL-34,TNF-α and RANKL levels were all positively correlated with OCP (r=0.10,P＜0.05;r=0.12,P＜0.05;r=0.13,P＜0.(5,respectively).Conclusion The level of IL-34 is not only high in patients with PsA but also positively correlates with the number of OCP.In PsA,IL-34 is probably related to the OCP and osteoclast differentiation,and further participates in the process of bone destruction.Therefore,IL-34 is promising to become a new target or alternative choice for the treatment of PsA.

Objective To apply the theory and model of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (Children and Youth Version) (ICF-CY) in rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy. Methods A case accepted rehabilitation in the framework of ICF-CY was reported. Results and Conclusion The framework of ICF-CY can be used in rehabilitation for children with cerebral palsy.

Objective To investigate the distribution of urate crystal as well as the relationship bet ween the features of the crystals and the attacks of joint pain and/or swollen by foot dual-energy CT.Methods Eight-four patients (68 were diagnosed as gout, 11 were patients with hyperuricemia and 5 were diagnosed as other types of arthritis) who recently experienced foot swelling and/or pain were enrolled and all of them were performed foot dual-energy CT.The relationship between the features of the urate crystals and the attacks of gouty arthritis was determined by Chi test and the potential risk factors were identified by Logistic multiple regression analysis.Results Two hundred and seventyeight urate crystal depositions were found in 68 gout patients,and the most common deposition sites were the distal parts of the first toe(18.2％),the first metatarso-phalangeal joint ( 16.8％ ),calcaneus ( 17.5％ ),the lower end of tibia ( 11.8％ ).Furthermore,patients with the urate crystals deposited in the first metatrasophalangeal joint or the lower end of of tibia were more likely to experience acute episodes of gout attack (P＜0.01,P＜0.05 respectively).In addition,the shape,size and quantity of urate crystals also affected episodes of acute attack of gout.Conclusion Dual-energy CT,which is a non-invasive method,could clearly reveal urate crystal depositions and is helpful for the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with gout.The location,shape,size and quantity of urate crystals and soft tissue swelling,bone erosion may affect the acute attack of gout.

Objective To investigate the relationship between HLA-B * 5801 allele and severe cutaneous adverse reactions caused by allopurinol or other drugs.The clinical value of HLA-B * 5801 as the marker of allopurinol-SCAR was evaluated.Methods Forty-three patients with allopurinol-SCAR,133 patients without SCAR after taking allopurinol for 3 months were included.Ninety-six patients with SCAR caused by other drugs and 148 healthy individuals were enrolled into the present study.HLA-B * 5801 allele was detected by PCR-SSP method.Data were analyzed by chi-square test.Results HLA-B * 5801 was present in 40 of 43 (93.0％) patients with allopurinol-SCAR,which was significantly higher than 19 of 148 (12.8％) in healthy subjects (x2=100.353,P＜0.01,OR=90.5,95％CI 25.5-321.8).But there were no significant differences between allopurinol-tolerant patients and healthy controls(10 of 133,7.5,x2=2.141,P＞0.05,OR=0.6,95％CI 0.2-1.2).And there were only 14 of 96 (7.5％) patients with SCAR caused by other drugs had HLA-B * 5801 (x2=0.152,P＞0.05,OR=1.2,95％CI 0.6-2.4).Conclusion The study indicates that people with HLA-B * 5801 have a high risk of allopurinol-SCAR.HLA-B * 5801 is a specific and predictive marker for guiding the selection of uric acid lowing drug allopurinol.

OBJECTIVETo detect the genomic deletion mutation in the NEMO gene of a family with incontinentia pigmenti (IP; MIM 308310).

METHODSA pedigree of IP was investigated. By using long PCR, the Delta4-10 deletion in NEMO gene was tested with specific primers In2/JF3R, and Delta4-10 deletion in pseudogene DeltaNEMO was investigated with primers Rev-2/JF3R. NEMO gene of 80 normal controls was also tested.

RESULTSThe deletion of exons 4-10 in both NEMO gene and the pseudogene DeltaNEMO was detected in all the patients in the family, but was not found in the normal individuals in this IP family and 80 unrelated controls.

CONCLUSIONThe study showed that the family with IP, which showed anticipation, was caused by NEMODelta4-10 deletion in the NEMO gene. Long PCR analysis is proven to be an efficient tool for identification of NEMO rearrangements. It could provide useful information for the genetic counseling of the family involved.

Adolescent ; Child ; Electrophoresis ; Exons ; genetics ; Family ; Female ; Humans ; I-kappa B Kinase ; genetics ; Incontinentia Pigmenti ; genetics ; Infant ; Male ; Pseudogenes ; genetics ; Sequence Deletion

Gout is a crystal associated arthritis caused by monosodium urate (MSU) accumulating in joint, and it belongs to metabolic rheumatic disease. In China, gout is common but it is insufficient for education of standardized diagnosis and treatment for gout. Based on the evidence and guidelines from China and other countries, Chinese gout Collaborative Research Group developed standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gout in China. The purpose is to standardize the methods for diagnosis of gout, treatment opportunity and strategies in order to reduce misdiagnosis, missed diagnosis and irreversible damage.

Dyskinetic cerebral palsy is the general type of cerebral palsy. This review discussed the pathogenesis, functional disorders,assessment and rehabilitation for it in the past years.

ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters ; genetics ; DNA Copy Number Variations ; genetics ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Gout ; genetics ; Humans ; Receptors, IgG ; genetics ; Receptors, Interleukin-17 ; genetics