1.Gene mutations of human immunodeficiency virus drug resistance from men who have sex with men in Shanghai,2013
Jian WU ; Xuqin WANG ; Hefeng YIN ; Jialin YUAN ; Xiaolei YU ; Yanqiu ZHOU ; Min ZHENG ; Jin GAI ; Jing TAO ; Laiyi KANG
Chinese Journal of Infectious Diseases 2016;34(1):23-26
Objective To investigate the gene mutations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐1 drug resistance among anti‐retrovirus (ARV ) treated‐naive men who have sex with men (MSM ) in Shanghai to provide evidence‐based data for optimized treatment .Methods All 669 treatment‐nave cases of HIV‐1 infection identified among MSM in 2013 were recruited and their plasma was collected .RNA was extracted and amplified by nest reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction ,and DNA was sequenced and then phylogenetically analyzed .Finally ,subtypes were identified and drug resistance was analyzed in comparison with International HIV Drug Resistance Database .Results The pol gene fragments of 645 cases were obtained .Primary drug‐resistance rate was 2 .48% (16/645) ,including mutations conferring resistance to protease inhibitor (PI) (0 .31% ,2/645) ,nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) (0 .16% ,1/645) ,non‐nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) (1 .70% ,11/645) and both NRTI and NNRTI (0 .31% ,2/645) ,respectively .Mutations conferring resistance to CRF01_AE were 12 cases (2 .99% ) ,while mutations conferring resistance to CRF07_BC and CRF_01B were 0 .61%(1/163) and 4 .65% (2/43 ) including 1 case of CRF52_01B and unidentified CRF_01B , respectively . Resistance to NNRTI in B subtype were 2 .70% (1/37) .Conclusion The prevalence of HIV‐1 drug resistance‐associated mutations among MSM in Shanghai ,2013 is still low ,but resistance to NNRTI is relatively high .CRF01_AE is the major subtype of drug resistance .It is necessary to strengthen the HIV drug resistance surveillance in MSM group in Shanghai .
2. Evaluating the level of occupational stress and its influence factors among traffic police in a district in Shanghai
Yan RONG ; Kongrong GUO ; Hefeng YIN ; Yuefei WU ; Shuang LI ; Daoyuan SUN
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2019;37(5):352-356
Objective:
To investigate the high occupational stress and its influencing factors in traffic police in Shanghai.
Methods:
728 traffic police were selected as the study subjects, and the《Occupational Health Questionnaire》was used to investigate and evaluate their job demand-control (JDC) and effort-reward imbalance model (ERI) occupational stress situation respectively. The related influencing factors were analyzed.
Results:
The prevalence rates of high occupational stress in JDC and ERI models were 74.6% (543/728) and 51.5% (375/728) . The influencing factors of JDC were education, marriage, average weekly hours (χ2=16.82, 10.04, 18.71,