Based on pathological lung cancer cases and semantic network technology, and in combination with UMLS, the article discusses the applications of semantic network technology in electron medical records, and its actualization of pathological case semantic network expression with sequence characteristics.
Health Records, Personal ; Semantics ; Unified Medical Language System

OBJECTIVE: To investigate and compare the hepatoprotective effects of six different polysaccharides from Dendrobium huoshanense (DHP), D. officinale (DOP'), D. fimbriatum (DFP), D. chrysotoxum (DCP), D. nobile (DNF) and D. moniliforme (DMP) against alcohol-induced subacute liver injury in mice. METHODS: The mice were randomized into the normal control, alcohol control, positive control and Dendrobium treatment groups. Dendrobium treatment groups were divided into different sub-groups, which were intragastrically administered with high(200 mg · kg-1), middle(100 mg · kg-1) and low(50 mg · kg-1) dosages of six Dendrobium polysaccharides for 30 d, respectively. The positive control group were orally administrated with Lyceum barbarum polysaccharides (200 mg · kg-1 b. w) for 30 d. The normal control and alcohol control groups were fed with distilled water at the same volume as polysaccharide for 30 d. On the 16th day, the mice in all groups except the normal control group were intragastrically administered with alcohol(30%, V/V, 10 mL · kg-1) once a day for 14 d to induce subacute liver injury. After the last administration, the mice were fasted for 4 h and euthanized with pentobarbital solution for body weight measurement, blood sampling from abdominal aorta and liver tissue sampling. Then, serum biochemical parameters including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin (TBIL), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) were analyzed and hepatic biochemical parameters including TC, TG, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, GR, GST), glutathione(GSH) and malondialdehyde(MDA) were determined. Meanwhile, the histopathological changes in liver tissues were observed and the mRNA expression of hepatic CYP2E1, TNF-α and IL-1β in mice were measured. RESULTS: Compared with the alcohol control group, different polysaccharides from six Dendrobium species showed different hepatoprotective effects against alcohol-induced liver injury. Among all tested polysaccharides, DHP and DOP possessed the highest potential for protecting the liver from hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol intake, which was evidenced by the decreased levels of ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, TC, TG and LDL-C in serum and TC, TG, MDA, CYP2E1, TNF-α and IL-1β in hepatic tissues, the increased levels of HDL-C in serum and SOD, CAT, GSH-PX, GR, GST, GSH, ADH and ALDH in hepatic tissues, and the ameliorated histopathological changes of hepatic tissues. CONCLUSION: DHP and DOP can protect against hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol intake in mice by inhibition of hepatic oxidative damage and inflammatory damage. The differences of hepatoprotective effects between different Dendrobium polysaccharides might be related to their differences in chemical structures including molecular weight, monosaccharide compositions and glycosidic linkages.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Baicalin monolithic osmotic pump tablets and investigate its in vitro drug release behavior. METHODS:Using accumulative release rate as evaluation index,baicalin solid dispersion was prepared to improve solubility,sin-gle factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize preparation technology(the amount of penetrating agent and pore-forming agent,weight gaining of coating film) of monolithic osmotic pump tablets using baicalin solid dispersion as intermediate. Release rate and mechanism of samples prepared by optimized technology were investigated in 3 kinds of release medium (water,0.1 mol/L HCl,simulated gastric fluid). RESULTS:The optimal preparation technology was that penetrating agent sodium chloride was 30 mg;pore-forming agent polyethylene glycol 400 was 20% amount of excipient cellulose acetate;weight gaining of coating film was 2%. RSD of 12 h accumulative release rate was 1.06%(n=3)for 3 batches of Baicalin monolithic osmotic pump tablets pre-pared by optimized technology. 12 h accumulative release rate of them in 3 kinds of medium were similar to each other,being all more than 80%. Release equation was in line with zero-order drug release model (r=0.9985). CONCLUSIONS:Prepared Ba-icalin monolithic osmotic pump tablets after optimization can release drug at controlled rate.

Three bibenzyls 1-3 and six other compounds 4-9 were firstly isolated from Dendrobium huoshanense stems. They were identified as 3',4-dihydroxy-3,5'-dimethoxybibenzyl(1), batatasin Ⅲ(2), 3,4'-dihydroxy-5-methoxy bibenzyl(3), dihydroconiferyl dihydro-p-coumarate(4), syringaresinol(5), 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionic acid ethyl ester(6),(3-ethylphenyl)-1,2-ethanediol(7),(S)-5-hydroxy-3,4-dimethyl-5-pentylfuran-2(5H)-one(8) and loliolide(9). Anti-inflammation assay showed that bibenzyls 1-3 could significantly inhibit the production of nitric oxide(NO) and the expression of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α) and interleukin 1β(IL-1β) mRNA in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Mechanism study exhibited that the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) p65, inhibitor of κB(IκB), extracellular regulatedprotein kinase(ERK), c-Jun N-terminalkinase(JNK), p38 and Akt of LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages could be remarkably reduced by 1. These results suggested that the inflammatory response of LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages could be significantly inhibited by 1-3. Additionally, the anti-inflammatory effect of 1 might be contributed to its ability on the regulation of NF-κB, MAPKs and Akt signaling pathways.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; therapeutic use ; Dendrobium ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Macrophages ; NF-kappa B ; Nitric Oxide ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II

A structure kinetic model was established for describing the relationship among cell growth, genistein formation and substrate utilization in suspension culture of Maackia amurensis. In this model, sucrose uptake, structure components production, intermediate matter changes, cell respiration loss and secondary metabolite (genistein) production were all predicted. The parameter sensitivity test was indicated that intermediate matter self-catalysis rate constant (k(b1)), structure component synthesis rate constant (k(b2)) and secondary metabolite synthesis rate constant (k(p)) were the most sensitive parameters for this model. If k(b1), k(b2) or k(p) are changed by 10%, the range of the aim function value would be changed by 12.8%, 4.61% and 2.54%, respectively. Adjustment of the other parameters only aroused a change of less than 0.5% in the aim function value. The predicted values were in good agreement with those obtained experimentally.
Cell Culture Techniques ; Cells, Cultured ; Kinetics ; Maackia ; cytology ; Models, Biological

By applying the methods of inter—element meter andmean line,decoction solution of 110 recipes were anal-ysed for the characteristics of distribution of inorganicelements.In those recipes containing more warm-heat drugs,the contents of most elements were higherthan the line of average value,while those with morecool—cold drugs,lower than the mean line,suggest-ing that the distribution value of inorganic elementsmay be a determining factor responsible for the cold-heat quality of a recipe.

To prepare virus-like particles containing FluA/B mRNA as RNA standard and control in Influenza RNA detection, the genes coding the coat protein and maturase of E. coli bacteriophage MS2 were amplified and cloned into D-pET32a vector. Then we inserted 6 histidines to MS2 coat protein by QuikChange Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit to construct the universal expressing vector D-pET32a-CP-His. In addition, the partial gene fragments of FluA and FluB were cloned to the down-stream of expressing vector. The recombinant plasmid D-pET32a-CP-His-FluA/B was transformed to BL21 with induction by IPTG. The virus-like particles were purified by Ni+ chromatography. The virus-like particles can be detected by RT-PCR, but not PCR. They can be conserved stably for at least 3 months at both 4 degrees C and -20 degrees C. His-tagged virus-like particles are more stable and easier to purification. It can be used as RNA standard and control in Influenza virus RNA detection.
Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Influenza A virus ; genetics ; metabolism ; Influenza B virus ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ribonucleases ; chemistry ; Virion ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To explore the clinical pharmacist’s role in drug therapy and monitoring for the patient with postoperative MRSA infection. Methods Clinical pharmacists participated in planning anti-infective treatment, antimicrobial medication selection, identification of high-risk factors for MRSA infection, evaluation of vancomycin efficacy, dosage adjustment using TDM technology, monitoring and management of vancomycin adverse reactions. Results With the pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists, the patient received effective treatment with minimal vancomycin-related adverse reactions. Conclusion Clinical pharmacists played an important role in accelerating patient recovery by rational and safe medication use.

ObjectiveTo investigate the influencing factors of intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG） patients and establish a prediction model. MethodThe clinical records and laboratory examination data of 335 CAG patients treated in the department of gastroenterology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Anhui University of Chinese Medicine from June 2016 to June 2021 were collected. Single and multiple Logistic regression analyses were used to explore the influencing factors of intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in CAG patients by SPSS 26.0. A prediction model was constructed based on the data of the related influencing factors. In addition, 115 CAG patients diagnosed in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from June 2019 to June 2021 were selected as external validation samples to verify and evaluate the prediction efficiency of the constructed prediction model. ResultMultiple Logistic regression analysis showed that pepsinogen Ⅰ［odds ratio（OR） 0.994，95% confidence interval（CI） （0.990，0.999），P<0.05］，the number of focus［OR 6.765，95% CI（3.831，11.945），P<0.01］， and Helicobacter pylori （Hp） infection［OR 0.546，95% CI（0.335，0.888），P<0.05］ were independent risk factors for intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in CAG patients（P<0.05）. The formula of the prediction model is as follows：P=-1.558+0.606×Hp infection-0.006×pepsinogen Ⅰ+1.912×the number of focus. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve showed the specific parameters as below： the area under the ROC curve of 0.76，the Youden index of 0.443，the best cut-off value of 0.52，sensitivity of 0.533，and specificity of 0.910. The prediction model was applied to the data of patients in the validation group for validation，and the predictive efficiency of the model was tested by decision curve analysis （DCA）. The results showed that the model had a good fit and high predictive value. ConclusionPepsinogen Ⅰ，the number of focus， and Hp infection are independent risk factors for intestinal metaplasia or atypical hyperplasia in CAG patients. The prediction model constructed based on these factors has a good fit and high predictive value，which can provide references for the classification of CAG patients and the formulation of individual treatment protocols.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the characteristics of growth, and water-soluble polysaccharide and total alkaloid accumulation in protocom-like bodies (PLBs) of Dendrobium huoshanenese in liquid culture system.

METHODPLBs were suspended in liquid medium and growth kinetics was analyzed. Water-soluble polysaccharide and total alkaloid content in PLBs were determined by colorimetry.

RESULTPLBs were induced from stem explants of D. huoshanenese regenerants cultured on MS medium supplemented with NAA or NAA and KT at different concentrations. Basal MS medium was suitable for propagation of PLBs. When PLBs were suspended in liquid medium, mumax was 0.044.d-1, t(d) was 15.8 d and the optimum growth time was 4 weeks. Water-soluble polysaccharide and total alkaloid contents in PLBs were 3.75% and 0.0261%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPLBs in liquid culture system show a potential for rapid growth and high metabolite synthesis, which provides possibility for exploiting resources of D. huoshanenese by large scale culture of PLBs.

Alkaloids ; analysis ; Culture Media ; Culture Techniques ; methods ; Dendrobium ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Polysaccharides ; analysis