The purpose of this study was to explore the knowledge, perception, and beliefs of newly arrived Filipino immigrants regarding Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), healthy lifestyle, and perceived barriers to healthy lifestyle. This is a qualitative study. A sample (n=40) of newly-arrived (less than six years in United States) first generation Filipino immigrants, not diagnosed with T2DM, living in southeastern part of United States were the focus of the study. Face to face interviews were conducted using an interview guide. No further interviews were conducted after data were saturated. The data sources were field notes and audio-recorded interviews, which were transcribed verbatim by the researcher. This study complied with the protocol for human subjects’ protection as obtained from the institutional review board. Prior to analyses of the transcripts, each transcript was read at least twice and compared to the recordings to ensure accuracy and completeness. To ensure trustworthiness, selected transcripts were reviewed and coded by two experience qualitative researchers to ensure inter-coder reliability. A significant number of the participants had little knowledge and few beliefs about T2DM. The perceptions of T2DM were varied, but several beliefs were widely held: (a) T2DM is a “sugar disease” that is based on sweet food intake, (b) participants were aiming to achieved healthy lifestyles through diet, exercise and prayers and (c) T2DM can result from several factors, including barriers to healthy lifestyle that includes stress, possible discrimination, and not enough information to navigate health resources. Although immigration brings opportunities, there are also numerous risks. Some of the diabetes beliefs that this study delineates provide anchors for future culturally appropriate intervention programs for recent Filipino immigrants. One of the major findings in this study was the low diabetes literacy among the participants. Immigrants with low diabetes literacy may have lower awareness of the disease condition, which may have a negative impact on their disease prevention behaviors. Migratory background is also an important factor influencing beliefs about disease prevention. These results provide information for the design of health programs for the prevention of T2DM in the Philippines and United States.
Acculturation ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Humans ; Obesity/prevention & control* ; Healthy Lifestyle

Humans ; Obesity/prevention & control* ; Healthy Lifestyle

The paradox of increasing health needs and limited health resources prompted a change in the traditional concept of disease prevention and control, and the concept of proactive health has emerged. Proactive health aimed to prevent and control disease and improve the body's immunity by using controlled methods and means to activate the body's self-healing ability and to identify foreign harmful substances as well as damage factors and tumor cells that the body itself may produce while giving full play to individual initiative. With the continuous development of science, people could maintain and improve their immune system from many aspects, which could be roughly divided into nonpharmaceutical interventions and pharmaceutical interventions. Nonpharmacological interventions included changing lifestyles and habits, adjusting the nutritional structure and intake of food, regulating mindsets and emotions, and improving the living and working environment, etc. This review systematically elaborated on the functions and molecular mechanisms of nutrition, exercise, sleep, and emotion in regulating immunity, to provide some scientific evidence and theoretical support for proactive health.
Humans ; Cancer Vaccines ; Immunotherapy ; Life Style ; Nutritional Status ; Healthy Lifestyle

OBJECTIVETo determine evaluate the effect of health-promoting lifestyle on the outcomes of suboptimal health status (SHS).

METHODSA prospective population cohort was conducted by consecutively enrolling 5676 college students who took routine health examination from March to May 2013. The participants were assessed for baseline health status and lifestyle and 2972 participants with SHS were followed up for 1.5 years. Exposure was defined as an unhealthy lifestyle. The health-promoting lifestyle was assessed via the Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II). SHS was evaluated using the medical examination report and Sub-health Measurement Scale V1.0 (SHMS V1.0).

RESULTSAmong the 2972 students with SHS, 422 showed recovery of the healthy status at 1.5 year follow-up, 579 showed progression into disease conditions, and 1971 remained in SHS. The participants with recovered health status presented with significant increase of SHMS V1.0 scores by 8.75∓6.95 points compared to the baseline assessment (t=-2.14, P=0.000) in physiological, psychological and social dimensions; they also showed a marked improvement of HPLP-II scores by 14.73 points in 6 dimensions (t=-15.34, P=0.000). Multivariable regression analyses with adjusted demographic variables revealed a significant association between health status and health-promoting lifestyle (P<0.05). Compared with a healthy lifestyle (minimal exposure), a 'poor' lifestyle (the highest level of exposure) was associated with a 30 times higher risk of developing SHS (OR: 30.598, 95% CI: 3.928-238.331), while a 'moderate' lifestyle (a relatively high-level exposure) had a 24 times higher risk of SHS (OR: 23.988, 95%CI: 14.695-39.158), and a suboptimal lifestyle had a nearly 4 times higher risk of SHS (OR: 4.306, 95%CI: 2.767-6.702).

CONCLUSIONs SHS may evolve into either a healthy or a disease condition. A unhealthy lifestyle is the important risk factor contributing to the progression of SHS into a disease condition, suggesting the importance of intervention of unhealthy lifestyles in promoting good health.

Health Behavior ; Health Status ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Regression Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Students

BACKGROUND: Severe liver disease (SLD), including cirrhosis and liver cancer, constitutes a major disease burden in China. We aimed to examine the association of genetic and healthy lifestyle factors with the incidence and prognosis of SLD. METHODS: The study population included 504,009 participants from the prospective China Kadoorie Biobank aged 30-79 years. The individuals were from 10 diverse areas in China without a history of cancer or liver disease at baseline. Cox regression was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for incident SLD and death after SLD diagnosis associated with healthy lifestyle factors (smoking, alcohol, physical activity, and central adiposity). Additionally, the contribution of genetic risk for hepatitis B virus (HBV, assessed by genetic variants in major histocompatibility complex, class II, DP/DQ [ HLA - DP / DQ ] genes) was also estimated. RESULTS: Compared with those with 0-1 healthy lifestyle factor, participants with 2, 3, and 4 factors had 12% (HR 0.88 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85, 0.92]), 26% (HR 0.74 [95%CI: 0.69, 0.79]), and 44% (HR 0.56 [95%CI: 0.48, 0.65]) lower risks of SLD, respectively. Inverse associations were observed among participants with both low and high genetic risks (HR per 1-point increase 0.83 [95%CI: 0.74, 0.94] and 0.91 [95%CI: 0.82, 1.02], respectively; Pinteraction = 0.51), although with a non-significant trend among those with a high genetic risk. Inverse associations were also observed between healthy lifestyle factors and liver biomarkers regardless of the genetic risk. Despite the limited power, healthy lifestyle factors were associated with a lower risk of death after incident SLD among participants with a low genetic risk (HR 0.59 [95%CI: 0.37, 0.96]). CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle modification may be beneficial in terms of lowering the risk of SLD regardless of the genetic risk. Moreover, it is also important for improving the prognosis of SLD in individuals with a low genetic risk. Future studies are warranted to examine the impact of healthy lifestyles on SLD prognosis, particularly among individuals with a high genetic risk.
Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Incidence ; East Asian People ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Risk Factors ; Liver Neoplasms ; Prognosis ; China/epidemiology*

Humans ; Child ; Adolescent ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control* ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Life Style ; Primary Prevention

Humans ; Blood Pressure/physiology* ; Hypertension/prevention & control* ; Body Mass Index ; Healthy Lifestyle

PURPOSE: Web-based interventions offer low cost and practical strategies to promote self-care for adult individuals with various health conditions and status issues around the globe. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current recent literature in  examining  the  effectiveness  of  web-based  interventions  to  promote  healthy lifestyles related to anthropometric measurements in adult individuals with various health conditions and status.
DESIGN: A systematic review of literature was conducted.   Search of the literature was employed to web-based intervention studies in refereed journals written in the English  language.  The  databases  searched  were  PubMed,  Ovid  MEDLINE, CINAHL,  and  Google  Scholar,  with  a  search  period  of  2004-2014.In addition to these databases, a manual search was also used. 
METHODS: All studies were examined by three reviewers for eligibility using the Jadad scoring  system.Thirteen randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies (n=13)  met criteria in this review and revealed significant associations between the utilization of web-based health promotion interventions on anthropometric measurements in adult populations with health related conditions.
FINDINGS: Seven  studies  reported  overall  positive  changes  in  the  participants' anthropometric measurements at the completion of each study. Four out of seven studies reported that adult participants' in the intervention groups had greater weight loss  as  compared  to  the  control  groups.  In  addition,  one  study  out  of  the  seven studies reported a larger reduction in BMI of the participants in the intervention group.Two studies out of 13 studies reported positive changes in BMI, waist circumference,body fat, and waist-hip-ratio in the control groups. 
CONCLUSIONS:The outcomes from this review may prove useful information of effectiveness of web-based interventions relative to physiological outcomes such as anthropometric measurements. These programs can inform transformative practice and improvement of global health.  

Human ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Middle Aged ; Waist-hip Ratio ; Waist Circumference ; Global Health ; Health Promotion ; Adipose Tissue ; Healthy Lifestyle

Objective: To investigate the associations between the numbers of healthy lifestyles and overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in adult twins in Shanghai. Methods: Based on the Shanghai Twin Registry System Phase Ⅱ survey data in 2017-2018, a case-control study was conducted to analyze the association between healthy lifestyles and obesity and further adjusted for confounders by a co-twin control study. Results: A total of 7 864 adult twins (3 932 pairs) were included. In the co-twin case-control analysis for monozygotic twins, compared with participants with 0 to 2 healthy lifestyles, those with 3 and 4 to 5 healthy lifestyles had a 49% (OR=0.51, 95%CI: 0.28-0.93) and 70% (OR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.13-0.69) lower risk of overweight/obesity, respectively, and a 17% (OR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.44-1.57) and 66% (OR=0.34, 95%CI: 0.14-0.80) lower risk of abdominal obesity, respectively. For each additional healthy lifestyle, the risk of developing overweight/obesity was reduced by 41% (OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.42-0.85), and the risk of developing abdominal obesity was reduced by 37% (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.44-0.90). Conclusion: An increasing number of healthy lifestyles was associated with a marked decreased risk for both overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity.
Adult ; Humans ; Case-Control Studies ; China/epidemiology* ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Obesity/epidemiology* ; Obesity, Abdominal/epidemiology* ; Overweight/epidemiology* ; Twins, Monozygotic