A multiple regression analysis using ordinary least square (OLS) is frequently used for the projection of healt expenditure as well as for the identification of factors affecting health care costs. Data for the analysis often have mixed characteristics of time series and cross section. Parameters as a result of OLS estimation, in this case, are no longer the best linear unbiased estimators (BLUE) because the data do not satisfy basic assumptions of regression analysis. The study theoretically examined statistical problems induced when OLS estimation was applied with the time series cross section data. Then both the OLS regression and time series cross section regression (TSCS regression) were applied to the same empirical data. Finally, the difference in parameters between the two estimations were explained through residual analysis.
Health Care Costs ; Health Expenditures*

No abstract available.
Delivery of Health Care* ; Health Care Costs* ; Poverty*

Analyze secondary data from the Vietnam National Health Survey 2001-2002 and some related available data in order to assess the burden of health care costs for the households in 5 levels of living and this impact on the use of healthcare services of the poor and near poor households, focused on inpatient healthcare costs. Results: healthcare costs accounted for 22.8% and 24% of total non-food expenditures per capita annually in the poor and near poor groups, respectively. Healthcare costs accounted for 8% of income per capita in the poorest group. High healthcare costs were associated significantly with lower level of health care utilization of the poor and near poor. Economic shock due to high health expenditures was the common reason for people falling under poverty line, especially for the near poor
Health Care Costs ; Poverty ; Health Services

Introduction: An economic analysis was performed to estimate the annual cost of diabetes mellitus to Malaysia. Methods: We combined published data and clinical pathways to estimate cost of follow-up and complications, then calculated the overall national cost. Costs consisted of diabetes follow-up and complications costs. Results: Patient follow-up was estimated at RM459 per year. Complications cost were RM42,362 per patient per year for nephropathy, RM4,817 for myocardial infarction, RM5,345 for stroke, RM3,880 for heart failure, RM5,519 for foot amputation, RM479 for retinopathy and RM4,812 for cataract extraction. Conclusion: Overall, we estimated the total cost of diabetes as RM2.04 billion per year for year 2011 (both public and private sector). Of this, RM1.40 billion per year was incurred by the government. Despite some limitations, we believe our study provides insight to the actual cost of diabetes to the country. The high cost to the nation highlights the importance of primary and secondary prevention.
Diabetes Mellitus ; Health Care Costs ; Health Expenditures

No abstract available.
Gastrointestinal Diseases/*economics ; *Health Care Costs ; Humans

An interview was conducted, using a disigned questionary concerning the behavior of medications and the medical cost for 3450 households with 16732 persons in 69 population groups in Ba Vi, Ha Tay province. The study showed that in a last week, 20,48% of interview subjects had got a disease, among them 95% had used the medicaments, 81,5% of patients bought them at private drugstore and only 4,52% at communal health station. At communal health station, antibiotics were distributed with higher quantity than other, while traditional oriental medicament with lower quantity. The average cost for each treatment was 30,645đ, accounting for 89,7% of total cost, among it 44,05% was for antibiotics. The cost for buying medicaments at health station was higher than at private drug store and at the market.
Epidemiology ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; Health Care Costs

On May 10, 2017, Moon Jae-in's Government launched. The election pledges of Moon's Government in healthcare sector were extracted from those of president election camp and Democratic Party. The main pledges were enhancing the coverage of healthcare costs, management of healthcare costs for elderly, restructuring the health insurance contribution system, and improving the public nature of healthcare system. There are many policy tasks to realize the electoral pledge, especially, financial task is main. The National Planning and Advisory Committee are setting the policy priorities and making the detailed plans. Although this paper deals the initial evaluation of main election pledges, the precise evaluation is needed for the final plan of healthcare policy.
Advisory Committees ; Aged ; Delivery of Health Care* ; Health Care Costs ; Health Care Sector* ; Humans ; Insurance, Health ; Moon*

Asthma is a serious global health problem. People of all ages in countries throughout the world are affected by this chronic airway disorder that, when uncontrolled, can place severe limits on daily life and is sometimes fatal. The prevalence of asthma is increasing in most countries, especially among children. Asthma is a significant burden, not only in terms of health care costs but also of lost productivity and reduced participation in family life. In 2002, the GINA Report stated that "it is reasonable to expect that in most patients with asthma, control of the disease can, and should be achieved and maintained". To meet this challenge, in 2005, Executive Committee recommended preparation of a new report not only to incorporate updated scientific information but to implement an approach to asthma management based on asthma control, rather than asthma severity. Recommendations to assess, treat and maintain asthma control are provided in the new GINA Report revised in 2006. Here, we summarize the main concepts and major changes of the new GINA guideline.
Asthma* ; Child ; Efficiency ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Prevalence

Cost of Illness ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Obesity ; economics

PURPOSE: Process management is the activity which manages all procedure of construction by representing visually interrelation of operation or sequence setting. The purpose of this study was for reducing treatment period and higher efficiency of treatment through application of PERT/CPM (Program Evaluation & Review Technique/Critical Path Method) in dental clinic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients were selected for study who needed more than 2 departments' cooperation for prosthodontic treatment in Wonkwang Dental University Hospital. Control group is composed of the patient's whole treatment plan, treatment period, numbers of hospital visit, treatment costs, treatment results. On the other hand, experiment group contains the patient's virtual treatment data based on PERT/CPM technique. We applied PERT/CPM in operation analysis. RESULTS: Treatment period, numbers of hospital visit was decreased as 18.1% and 15.3% when we applied operation analysis based on charts. Also treatment cost in experiment group was 0.9% economized compared with control group's treatment cost. CONCLUSION: Application of PERT/CPM in dental clinic can achieve reliable treatment and reduced treatment period and establish plan of minimum treatment cost.
Dental Clinics ; Hand ; Health Care Costs ; Humans ; Prosthodontics