Objective To investigate the resilience of primary caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and explore the influencing factors. Methods General information questionnaire and Cornor-Davidson resilience scale (CD-RISC) were used in the survey among 173 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy as well as their primary caregivers. Results The score of resilience of primary caregivers was (70.76 ±13.34), at middle or above level. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that caregivers'resilience was affected by gender, age, family income and religious belief (all P<0.05). Conclusion The resilience among primary caregivers of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy is at a relatively high level. Clinically, we should pay more attention to female and young patients with lower family income and no religious beliefs.

Objective To explore the pharmaceutical care approaches for patients with lung cancer complicated with renal insufficiency receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy. Methods An elderly patient with lung cancer complicated with renal insufficiency receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy faced inevitable safety risks.Clinical pharmacists considered it as an intervention point, and provided individual pharmaceutical care. Results Clinical pharmacists fully assessed the safety risks of the case receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy with clinicians, assisted in improving the therapeutic regimen, and carried out medication education for the patient. No serious adverse drug reactions occurred in the patient, and anti-tumor efficacy was obtained. Conclusion For patients of lung cancer complicated with renal insufficiency receiving pemetrexed chemotherapy, clinical pharmacists should focus on creatinine clearance rate, and decide whether the combined use of platinum anti-tumor drugs, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and zoledronic acid can be adopted, and follow-up on adverse drug reactions and anti-tumor efficacy.

Objective: To establish an HPLC method for the determination of diclofenac sodium sustained-release preparations, and compare the in vitro dissolution of diclofenac sodium sustained-release capsules and tablets from different manufacturers to provide reference for the clinical reasonable medication. Methods: According to the first dissolution method described in Chinese Pharmaco-poeia (2010 edition),the dissolution of each sample was determined by HPLC and the cumulative release percentage was calculated. The dissolution parameters were fitted by Weibull-equation and the results were analyzed. Results:The HPLC method for the determi-nation of diclofenac sodium release was accurate with good reproducibility, and the dissolution parameters of different manufacturers had remarkable difference. Conclusion:The in vitro dissolution of diclofenac sodium sustained-release capsules and tablets from different manufacturers is various, which should be paid attention in the clinical use.

Objective To evaluate the selenium nutrition level of Huaibei inhabitants and to supply valid data to Chinese Microelement Nutrition Database. Methods 513 healthy people living in Huaibei for more than 10 years were selected randomly from September 2003 to June 2004. The selenium content in hair was measured by catalytic polarographic method to delimit selenium richness region. According to the selenium content in hair,the intake of selenium from food was estimated. The investigation results were evaluated by the standard of Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes. Results The selenium content in hair was (0.390 3?0.104 5) ?g/g in Huaibei inhabitants,only 51.9% of the people reached the proper level. The average intake of selenium of Huaibei inhabitants was (31.92?9.93) ?g/d,which showed that the selenium nutrition level of Huaibei inhabitants was lower than the standard of Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes except children between 0 to 6 years old. The percent which satisfied RNI and EAR standard occupied 19.9% (102/513) and 32.9% (169/513) respectively,which were also much lower than the 50% of physiological necessary level. Conclusion The selenium intake from food in Huaibei inhabitants was scarce obviously. To increase the selenium intake properly will be a wise selection.

In this article we collected 2 embryos and 69 fetuses between 7 and 30 weeks of gestational age and 3 neonates to study the development of the human stomach by histological, histochemical and immunogold-siver methods. In 7-week embryo, the superficial layer of gastric mucosa was stratified columnar epithelium, containing a large amount of glycogen. In 9-week fetus, simple columnar epithelium, gastric pits and glandular buds were observed. At this stage a few parietal cells could be identified at the bottom of the glands. The pyloric glands contained parietal cells as fundic glands. At 13-14 week the muscularis mucosa appeared and the wall of stomach formed definitively as the adult. A few argyrophil cells in antrum and fundus were found at 12-week fetus. They scattered in the surface epithelium and concentrated in the lower portion of the glands. The argyrophil cells were round, pyramidal or spindle in shape. More argyrophil ceils were found in the antrum from 14-week on. At 18-week, the argyrophil cells were most numerous. Some cells possessed processes extending to the basement membrane or parietal cells. Between 15-30 weeks various shaped EC cells in fundus were found, with some open-type endocrine cells. G cells in antrum were mostly rounded and often in groups at 13,16 and 21 week. Developing G cells were observed under EM.

Objective:To observe effects of Panax pseudo-ginseng saponins on protein expression of VEGF, bFGF in myocardium in acute myocardial infarction rats. Methods: The acute myocardial infraction (AMI) model was established in one hundred and forty Wistar rats, and the rats were randomly divided into five groups: the western medicine group mobilized by subcutaneous injection of G-CSF50?g.kg-1.d-1, sham-operated group and model group treated by subcutaneous injection of normal saline 50?g.kg-1.d-1, the Chinese medicine group mobilized by intraperitoneal injection of Xuesaitong (ingredients of Panax pseudo-ginseng saponins) 150mg.kg-1.d-1, the integrative group mobilized by subcutaneous injection of G-CSF 50?g.kg-1.d and intraperitoneal injection of Xuesaitong 150mg.kg-1.d-1. Except for the sham-operated group, each group was divided into three sub-groups by three time points of 1d, 7d and 14d. G-CSF was used once a day for 7 days. Xuesaitong was injected once a day until the rats were killed. The parameters cardiac function in rats with myocardial infarction were detection by color doppler ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus in different times,the expression of VEGF, bFGF in Marginal zone of myocardium in rats with myocardial infarction were detected by immunohistochemistry in different time. Pathological and ultrastructural changes of marginal zone in rats with acute myocardial infarction were observed by electron microscopy and light microscopy. Results:Panax pseudo-ginseng saponins can improve the level of left ventricular systolic function such as EF,FS,it can inhibit the increase of left ventricular LVDD and LVDS,it can improve expression levels of VEGF,bFGF of marginal zone in acute myocardial infarction rats. It also can reduce the damage to cell ultrastructure and promote revascularization in the site around MI area. Panax pseudo-ginseng saponins can protect the myocytes in rats with myocardial infarction. Conclusion:Panax pseudo-ginseng saponins can protect myocardium from ischemic injury in rats after AMI by way of improving expressions of VEGF and bFGF in myocardial cells and promoting angiogenesis in the infarcted of myocardium.

Objective To study the effects of nitric oxide (NO) on the growth and metastasis of tumor.Methods The literatures of recent years were reviewed.Results NO had double effects on the growth and metastasis of tumor. NO promoted the growth and metastasis by regulating the expression of tumor proliferation gene and inducing tumor angiogenesis. On the other hand, NO had antitumor effects by interfering with the metabolism of tumor cells, inducing the damage of DNA, forming high toxic free radical, inducing apoptosis of tumor cells and mediating the antitumor action of endothelial cells and macrophages.Conclusion Selective blockage or induction of synthesis of NO may be a new way for tumor therapy.

[Objective]To explore clinical class,surgical treatment and clinical results of clavicle fracture with internal fixation.[Method]A retrospective analysis of 146 cases of clavicle fracture was reported.Totally 146 cases of clavicle fracture accepted by our department from January of 1996 to June of 2006 were carried out the operation using plate shaft.There were 98 males and 78 females.Aged from 8 to 84 years,average of 38.6 years.The average age of the patients at surgery were 38.6 years(ranged 8 to 84 years).There were 9 cases in proximal 1/3,115 cases in middle 1/3 and 12 cases in distal 1/3 of clavicle,accompanied by 7 cases of brachial-plexus injury,4 cases of vascular injury,16 cases of another fracture.There were 7 cases of old clavicle fracture.Surgical methods: Both proximal 1/3 and middle 1/3 of clavicle fracture were treated by AO reconstruction plate or similar plate.Fracture pieces of clavicle were enlaced with screws or steel wire before fixation with plate.The distal of clavicle fracture should be fixed with 3 screws.The distal 1/3 of clavicle fracture with acromioclavicular luxation was treated by reconstruction plate or c clavicle hook plate.Patient could exercise their shoulder joint at 48 hours postoperatively.Post operative evaluation: Clinical results of clavicle fracture with internal fixation were evaluated with appearance,fracture healing time, shoulder joint function and living quality around fracture.[Result]Patients were followed up more than 6 months after operation.Adopt Neer standard to evaluate the patient's function after the operation.There were excellent results in 96 cases and good in 50 without injury of subclavicular nerve and blood vessel,infection,loose and prolapse of internal fixation devices and fracture disunion and malunion and macrosis bony callus.X-ray shows clavicle fracture healing completely.The patients can get painless free-running.[Conclusion]Internal fixation for treatment of clavicle fracture is characterized by little wound,firm fixation and early movement of the joint and is an effective method to cure clavicle fracture.

Objective:To determine whether the bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) can increase the sensitivity of NCI-H460 cell lines to docetaxel or radiation. Methods: Docetaxel in combination with bcl-2 ASODN or non-sense oligonucleotide (NSODN) was used to treat NCI-H460 cells, and then IC_~50 of docetaxel against NCI-H460 cells was determined with MTT method. In radiation group, NCI-H460 cells were divided into pure radiation, radiation plus bcl-2 ASODN, and radiation plus NSODN groups. The inhibition rates of cell growth were assayed by MTT, and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were assayed by immunofluorescence. Results: IC_~50 in bcl-2 ASODN plus docetaxel, pure docetaxel and NSODN plus docetaxel groups was (0.101?0.009) ?mol/L,(0.183?0.018)?mol/L, and (0.179?0.016)?mol/L, respectively. The differences between the first group and the latter 2 groups were significant (P

Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), an optimizing model of concurrent parameter and tolerance design is proposed where response mean equals its target in the target being best. The optimizing function of the model is the sum of quality loss and tolerance cost subjecting to the variance confidence region of which six sigma capability can be assured. An example is illustrated in order to compare the differences between the developed model and the parameter design with minimum variance. The results show that the proposed method not only achieves robustness, but also greatly reduces cast. The objectives of high quality and low cost of product and process can be achieved simultaneously by the application of six sigma concurrent parameter and tolerance design.