BACKGROUND:A number of studies have been conducted on the prevention of enamel demineralization in orthodontic treatment, but no work has been carried out on the comparative studies addressing manual toothbrush, orthodontic fur V brush and interdental brush. OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of manual toothbrush, orthodontic fur V brush and interdental brush on enamel decalcification during orthodontic treatment. METHODS:Adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years old, were randomly and averagely divided into three groups: manual toothbrush, orthodontic fur V brush, and interdental brush groups. Enamel decalcification index and augmenter of enamel decalcification index were examined and calculated by the same orthodontist before treatment and 1 year later. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no statistical difference in the enamel decalcification index among the three groups at the beginning (P > 0.05). After 1 year of treatment, the enamel decalcification index of each group was higher than that at the beginning (P < 0.05); the enamel decalcification index and augmenter of enamel decalcification index in the three groups were ranked as folows: orthodontic Fur V toothbrush group < manual toothbrush < interdental toothbrush group , and there was a statistical significant difference among the three groups (P < 0.05). Orthodontic fur V brush is proved to have advantages over manual toothbrush and interdental brush in the respect of controling enamel decalcification, and interdental brush has no good effect on preventing enamel demineralization while it is used alone.

Objective To investigate the treatment effect of minimally invasive excision in intrahepatic bile duct stones. Methods Ac-cording to different treatment methods, 280 patients with intrahepatic bile duct stones were divided into the treatment group (180 cases) and the control group(100 cases). The control group were given open hepatic lobectomy while the treatment group were given minimally invasive treatment of hepatic lobectomy by laparoscopy. Results All patients had successfully completed surgery and the stones were removed. Compared the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and blood transfusion of the two groups,and there were no statistically significance (P>0. 05). The postoperative hospitalization,time of drainage tube remove, time of analgestic drug use in treatment group were obviously lower than those in control group,which had statistically significance (P<0. 05). The common postoperative complications of the two groups were bile leakage,wound infection,pleural effusion and subphrenic abscess,et al. The complication rate of treatment group was 2. 2%, while it was 10. 1% in the control group, which had significant difference (P<0. 05). All the patients were followed-up for 6 months, and there was no death in patients. Conclusion Intrahepatic bile duct stones in progress could be treated by hepatic resection surgery. Laparoscopic techniques could accelerate the recovery of patients and reduce the complication rate,and it would become a new treatment option.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of low-dose Progesterone injection combined with Baotai wuyou capsule in the treatment of threatened abortion. METHODS:107 patients with threatened abortion were retrospectively analyzed and divided into observation group(54 cases)and control group(53 cases)by different medication. All patients received bed rest orally taking folic acid and other measures. Meanwhile,control group was given Progesterone injection 20-40 mg,qd,intramuscu-larly injected. Observation group was given Progesterone injection 10-20 mg,qd,intramuscularly injected and given 4 Baotai wuy-ou capsule additionally,tid,taking with ginger decoction,no fish during the medication. The courses of 2 groups were 14 d. Clini-cal efficacy,hemostatic time,remission time of abdominal pain and backache in 2 groups were observed,and the incidence of ad-verse reactions during the treatment was recorded. RESULTS:The total effective rate in observation group was significantly higher than control group,hemostatic time,remission time of abdominal pain and backache were significantly shorter than control group, the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower than control group,with statistical significances (P<0.05). CONCLU-SIONS:Low-dose Progesterone injection combined with Baotai wuyou capsule shows good efficacy in the treatment of threatened abortion,which can shorten patients'hemostatic time,remission time of abdominal pain and backache,and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions,with good safety.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is one of major candidate genes with genetic susceptibility to stroke. However, its correlation with stroke remains controversial. The relationship between gene polymorphism and stroke also cannot be determined. A specific branch in the ACE phylogenic tree may replace the insertion/deletion polymorphic site as a risk marker of stroke for association study.

Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes that can sense danger signals from damaged cells or pathogens and assemble to mediate the activation of caspase-1, which proteolytically activates the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18.Uniquely, inflammasome activation needs two steps to induce inflammation.Its activation has been studied in human and different experimental liver diseases and demonstrated to have effects on hepatocyte damage, immune cell activation and amplification of liver inflammation.In this review, inflammasome and their functions in variant liver diseases (especially ALD, NASH, ischemia-reperfusion liver injury) will be discussed in detail.These findings could help us deepen our understanding about these diseases, and provide new clues to the therapy of them in clinical practice.

There has been a growing number of prostate cancer patients in our country,and most of the patients suffer with bone metastases.Although more and more new drugs are reported for the treatment of prostate cancer,tumor local recurrence or metastasis occur within the 10 years after treatment.The diagnostic sensitivity of 18F-NaF PET/CT for bone metastases from prostate cancer is high.18F-NaF PET/CT not only can locate the lesion precisely,evaluate the drug efficacy quantitatively,but also can be used to follow up prostate cancer patients.This review is focused on the application of 18F-NaF PET/CT in bone metastases from prostate cancer.

The hemorrheological changes were observed in dogs in the first 2 hours after they were inflicted with oleic acid-induced RDS.It was found that hematocrit,absolute viscosity and relative viscosity of whole blood were significantly increased but plasma viscosity showed no marked changes.These facts imply that in the early stage of oleic acid-induced RDS,the hemorrheological changes were characterized by hemoconcentration and decrease of the trans-formability of erythrocytes,which might be one of causes of the functional failure of pulmonary microcirculation.

Observations were carricd out on the changes in the fecundity and the survival rate of Anopheles sinensis infected with microfilariae of Erugia malayi through an artificial membrane and maintained at 25.5?1℃ and R. H. 75-85%。Analysis of the resultant data showed that there was a significant dccrcase in egg-production in the mosquitoes infected with a density of microfilariae over 5.42mf/?l during the first gonotrophic cycle and over 2.69mf/?l during the second, with a tenden-cy of continuous decrease following the increase in microfilarial density. The results were discussed in terms of the hypothesis of "nutritional competition" suggested by Javadian et al in 1974.Four groups of mosquitoes infected with various dcnsitics of microfilariae were observed on their survival rates after exposure to microfilariae. The infected mosquitoes showed lower survival rate as compared with the control group, exhibiting a continuous decrease in the survival rate of Infected mosquitocs with the increase in microfilarial dcnsities in the blood meal engorged. This continuous change was more significant during the lst-12th day post-exposure.

AIM: To study and evaluate release rules of Zuojin Sustained-Release Tablet(ZJSRT). METHODS: The total quantum statistical moment similarity(TQSMS)was used to evaluate similarity of the chromatographic fingerprints of ZJSRT in vitro dissolution; RESULTS: Compared with the chromatographic fingerprint of the complete dissolution sample,the averages of area under curve of total quantum,mean chromatographic retention time of total quantum and variance of mean chromatographic retention time of total quantum of the ZJSRT's release rules in vitro,from 1 to 12 h,were 2.620?10~8 ?v?sec,74.599 min and 252.481 min~2 respectively,meanwhile their RSD were 62.445%、1.268% and 2.777% coincidently,the similarities range from 0.947 to(0.991,)as average of 0.977 and RSD of 1.491%. CONCLUSION: It is suggested that the TQSMS can evaluate release rules of multicompon and control its quality.

Objective: To study the effects of Amorphophallus konjac refined powder combined with minimal flavonids on antioxidation , serum lipids and body weight in rats .Method: Wistar rats were divided into four groups fed with different diets, and then antioxidative ability of blood and liver, levels of serum lipids and body weight were detected and analysed in rats. Results: Konjac refined powder combined with Ginkgo biloba flavonids could decrease MDA content and increase activities of SOD and GSH-Px significantly, and also reduce serum TC, LDL-C, TG levels, improve HDL-C level in rats. As to antiobesity, no notable difference was found .Conclusion: Combined with flavonids, the antioxidation of Konjac food is improved significantly, and serum lipids level is decreased, but antiobesity effect is in-significant.