1.Association between Isoflavones Consumption and Cognitive Function and Comorbidities among Older Adults Residing in the State of Johor, Malaysia
Bibi Nabihah AH ; Suzana ; Hasnah H
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 2016;22(2):29-39
Introduction: This two-phase longitudinal study sought to determine the association between isoflavones intake on cognitive function and comorbidities among older adults from the state of Johor, Malaysia. Methods: Phase I involved baseline data collection to examine the association between isoflavones intake and cognitive function among 400 respondents aged 60-years and above, recruited through multistage random sampling. Phase 2 determined the association between isoflavones intake at the baseline and comorbidities at an 18-month follow-up. The baseline data collected included information on socio-demographics, health status, andunpometric measurements, and dietary intake using a dietary history questionnaire (DHQ). Each participant's cognitive function was evaluated using a mini mental state examination (MMSE), digit span, digit symbol, and geriatric depression scale (GDS). Results: The daily intake of total isoflavones, daidzein, and genistein were 19.1±19.7,11.7±12.3 and 7.6+8.1 mg/day, respectively. There was no significant association between isoflavones intake, and specific cognitive function including global, memory, executive functions, and depression. However, there was a significant association (p<0.05) between isoflavones intake r=0.131 (95% CI: 0.064-0.199), daidzein intake r0.132 (95% CI: 0.064-0.199), and genistein intake ra0.129 (95% CI: 0.062-0.197) with memory (digit span) after adjustment for age, gender, educational level, and body mass index (11M1). No association was found between isoflavones intake and comorbidities (p> 0.05). Conclusion: This study found an association between isoflavones intake and memory function, but not with global cognitive, executive functions, depression, and comorbidities. There is a need to promote adequate isoflavones intake in view of its association with memory function.
2.Association between Isoflavones Consumption and Cognitive Function and Comorbidities among Older Adults Residing in the State of Johor, Malaysia
Bibi Nabihah AH ; Suzana S ; Hasnah H
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 2016;22(1):29-39
Introduction: This two-phase longitudinal study sought to determine the association between isoflavones intake on cognitive function and comorbidities among older adults from the state of Johor, Malaysia. Methods: Phase I involved baseline data collection to examine the association between isoflavones intake and cognitive function among 400 respondents aged 60-years and above, recruited through multistage random sampling. Phase 2 determined the association between isoflavones intake at the baseline and comorbidities at an 18-month follow-up. The baseline data collected included information on socio-demographics, health status, andunpometric measurements, and dietary intake using a dietary history questionnaire (DHQ). Each participant's cognitive function was evaluated using a mini mental state examination (MMSE), digit span, digit symbol, and geriatric depression scale (GDS). Results: The daily intake of total isoflavones, daidzein, and genistein were 19.1±19.7,11.7±12.3 and 7.6+8.1 mg/day, respectively. There was no significant association between isoflavones intake, and specific cognitive function including global, memory, executive functions, and depression. However, there was a significant association (p<0.05) between isoflavones intake r=0.131 (95% CI: 0.064-0.199), daidzein intake r0.132 (95% CI: 0.064-0.199), and genistein intake ra0.129 (95% CI: 0.062-0.197) with memory (digit span) after adjustment for age, gender, educational level, and body mass index (11M1). No association was found between isoflavones intake and comorbidities (p> 0.05). Conclusion: This study found an association between isoflavones intake and memory function, but not with global cognitive, executive functions, depression, and comorbidities. There is a need to promote adequate isoflavones intake in view of its association with memory function.
3.The Effects of 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid Identified from Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) Shoots on Kv1.4 Channel
Jingli ZHANG ; Fatin H. MOHAMAD ; Jia Hui WONG ; Habsah MOHAMAD ; Abdul Hadi ISMAIL ; Abdul Aziz Mohamed Yusoff ; Hasnah OSMAN ; Kok Tong WONG ; Zamzuri IDRIS ; Jafri Malin ABDULLAH
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2018;25(1):101-113
Background: Bamboo shoot has been used as a treatment for epilepsy in traditional Chinese medicine for generations to treat neuronal disorders such as convulsive, dizziness and headaches. 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-hba) is a non-flavonoid phenol found abundantly in Dendrocalamus asper shoots (bamboo), fruits (strawberries and apples) and flowers. Kv1.4 is a rapidly inactivating Shaker-related member of the voltage-gated potassium channels with two inactivation mechanisms; the fast N-type and slow C-type. It plays vital roles in repolarisation, hyperpolarisation and signaling the restoration of resting membrane potential through the regulation of the movement of K+ across the cellular membrane. Methods: Chemical compounds from Dendrocalamus asper bamboo shoots were purified and identified as major palmitic acids mixed with other minor fatty acids, palmitic acid, 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, lauric acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and cholest-4-ene-3-one. The response of synthetic 4-hydroxybenzoic acid was tested on Kv1.4 potassium channel which was injected into viable oocytes that was extracted from Xenopus laevis. The current were detected by the two-microelectrode voltage clamp, holding potential starting from −80 mV with 20 mV stepup until +80 mV. Readings of treatments with 0.1% DMSO, 4-hba concentrations and K channel blockers were taken at +60 mV. The ratio of tail/peak amplitude is the index of the activity of the Kv1.4 channels with n ≥ 6 (number of oocytes tested). The decreases of the ratios of five different concentrations (1 μM, 10 μM, 100 μM, 1 mM and 2.5 mM) were compared with 0.1% DMSO as the control. Results: All concentration showed statistically significant results with P < 0.05 except for 100 μM. The normalised current of the 4-hba concentrations were compared with potassium channel blockers (TEA and 4-AP) and all groups showed statistically significant results. This study also showed that time taken for each concentration to affect Kv1.4 does not play any significant roles. Conclusion: 4-hydroxybenzoic acid was found to be able to enhance the inactivation of Kv1.4 by lowering the membrane potential so that the abnormal neuronal firing can be inhibited. With IC50 slightly higher than 10 μM, increasing concentrations (100 μM, 1 mM and 2.5 mM) had shown to exhibit toxicity effects. The best concentration from this study is 10 μM with Hill slope of 0.1799.
4.Tinjauan Penggunaan Ramuan dan Pembungkusan Dalam Pembuatan Keropok Lekor di Selangor (A survey of the use of ingredients and packaging in the manufacture of fish-based snack in Selangor)
Nik Nur Atiqah Nasuha Ahmad Sabri ; Nurul Fatin Malek Rivan ; Mohd Noor Hidayat Adenan ; Hasnah Haron
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2024;22(No.2):83-99
Keropok lekor is a fish-based snack and traditional food originating from the East Coast of
Peninsular Malaysia, especially in Terengganu. This study was conducted to identify the
ingredients and packaging used in the manufacturing of keropok lekor by entrepreneurs in
Selangor. This study is a qualitative study that requires in-depth interviews. The Nutritionist
Pro application was used to determine the nutrients in keropok lekor. The sampling method for
this study is purposive sampling and involves five keropok lekor operators around Selangor.
The ingredients used in making keropok lekor are salt, fish filling (fringescale sardine), baking
powder, monosodium glutamate (MSG), margarine, and sweet potato flour. Through this study,
it was found that the main source of sodium in keropok lekor is salt. For keropok lekor
packaging, all keropok lekor operators use the same packaging method, which is vacuum
packaging. In addition, the majority of keropok lekor operators (80%) have been introduced
to Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP). The results of the study show that the average
sodium content in keropok lekor is 372.11mg/100g and is categorized as medium-level sodium.
Although the majority of keropok lekor operators have been introduced to MAP packaging,
further research needs to be conducted to find out whether keropok lekor operators have
renewed their packaging methods or vice versa. In conclusion, based on the findings, the
content of sodium in the manufacturing of keropok lekor in Selangor is still under control. The
results of this study can be used to help the government monitor the sodium content found in
keropok lekor around Selangor.
5.Prevalence of Poor Mental Health and Cognitive Status among Middle-Aged Adults and Its Predictors in Relation to Polyphenols Intake
Hanisah Rosli ; Suzana Shahar ; Normah Che Din ; Hasnah Haron ; Nor Fadilah Rajab
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2019;26(3):72-89
Background: Decline in mental health and cognitive status starts to show its sign during
middle-age and is affected by dietary factors, namely the polyphenols intake. Polyphenols have
received attention in improving health issues related to aging, including decline in mental health
and cognitive. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of poor mental health and
cognitive status among middle-aged adults and its predictors in relation to polyphenols intake.
Methods: Subjects’ food intakes were calculated by using dietary history questionnaire
and food frequency questionnaire for polyphenols. The subjects’ mental health and cognitive status
were measured by general health questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Rey’s auditory verbal learning
test (RAVLT).
Results: More than 40% of middle-aged adults were identified as having signs of poor
mental health. A total of 67.9% of the subjects had poor cognitive status according to RAVLT
immediate recall. Hierarchical binary logistic regression indicated that fat intake was associated
with somatic symptoms for both men [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.04; P < 0.05] and women
(AOR = 1.06; P < 0.05). Intake of lignan (AOR = 1.071; P < 0.05) was associated with better RAVLT
immediate recall among women. Additionally, high cholesterol (AOR = 3.14; P < 0.05) was
associated with poor score of RAVLT delayed recall for women.
Conclusions: Early detection of poor mental health and cognitive is crucial to prevent
Alzheimer’s disease in old age.