The urinary levels of both dimethyl phosphate and dimethyl thiophosphate, which are the metabolites of organophosphorus pesticides, were investigated. The samples were obtained from four healthy subjects, every 5 or 7 daysover a period of 8 months. They are rural inhabitants and do not spray agricultural chemicals themselves. Both of the metabolites were always detected from all samples of these subjects, and their levels were elevated sporadically regardless of whether the samples were obtained during the farming season or not.
These results suggest that people who live in rural areas are always at risk of being exposed to pesticides in and out of season and that thepesticides or their metabolites remaine in bodies over a long period.

In order to investigate effects of deep sea water bathing on psycho-physiological status, body temperature, circulatory and autonomic nervous system functions, and questionnaires on refreshment and sleep were evaluated in comparison with other 3 kinds of bathing including sham (no water), surface sea water and tap water. The skin temperatures of both tights and lower back were significantly higher for only deep sea water bathing compared with the sham bathing. It was also the case for tympanic temperature. Concerning circularly and autonomic nervous functions there were no significant difference between 4 kinds of bathing. For refreshment and sleep quality both sea water bathing showed higher scores, but not consistently significant differences. However, when taking any kind of bath shorter sleep latency was related to higher cardiac parasympathetic activity during sleep.