Objective Cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT) by simultaneous biventricular pacing improves left ventricular systolic synchrony in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM). Tissue synchronization imaging(TSI) technique was used to evaluate the impact of sequential CRT with individualized interventricular delay programming.Methods TSI was carried out in five patients with DCM and left bundle branch block before and one day after pacemaker implantation in four chamber view,two chamber view and apical long aixs view and in two patients with DCM before pacemaker implantation.Results Three patients with DCM showed that left ventricular asynchrony was improved afetr CRT,but two patients with DCM showed left ventricular asynchrony was not improved after CRT.CRT was not performed in one patient with DCM due to ventricular systolic resynchronization,one patient with DCM did not have CRT because LVEF was 42%.Conclusions TSI is useful in predicting and evaluating the effect of CRT in the patients with DCM.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infectious diseases. It has the characteristics of high recurrence rate and prolonged course. At present, the problem of antibiotic resistance is becoming more and more serious, the incidence of adverse reactions is high, and the disadvantages of long-term administration appear, which brings severe challenges to the treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection. The prevention and treatment of UTI recurrence has become the focus of research. Recurrent urinary tract infection is related to the immune regulation mechanism of the body. Administration of immune regulation can provide new ideas for prevention and treatment. The vaccine based on immune regulation to prevent rUTI has made some progress. It can not only reduce the frequency of recurrences, but also decrease related symptoms. At the same time, the vaccine has good tolerance, high safety and good application prospect. This paper aims to summarize the progress of immune regulation and immune vaccines in vivo and clinical research.