Objective To investigate the expression levels of MDR1 gene from azole resistant strains in vaginal Candidaalbi-cans.Methods 60 strains of Candida albicans from recurrent vagintis patients were collected and identified by CHROM agar from Aug.2011 to Aug.2012.The drug resistance was detected by disk diffusion method.According to the result of drug sensitivity test,the strains were diveded into four groups:sensitive group moderately susceptible or resistant to flucon-azole group moderately susceptible or resistant to detoconazole group and moderately susceptible or resistant to miconazole group.Each group was selected 12 strains randomly.The expression of the MDR1 gene in these 48 strains were detected by real-time RT-PCR and analysed the datas by t test statistics.Results There were 22 sensitive strains,26 strains of moder-ately susceptible or resistant to detoconazole,12 strains of moderately susceptible or resistant to fluconazole and 38 strains of moderately susceptible or resistant to miconazole in 60 strains of Candidaalbicans.The relative expression of MDR1 gene in sensitive group was 0.41±0.47,in moderately susceptible or resistant to detoconazole group fluconazole group and micon-azole group were 3.32±4.46,2.27±3.05 and 0.9±0.81 respectively.Compared with the sensitive group,t values of mod-erately susceptible or resistant to detoconazole group,fluconazole group and miconazole group were-2.177,-2.130 and-2.094.The expression level of MDR1 gene had no statistical significance between the sensitive strains and moderately sus-ceptible or resistant strains(P>0.05).Conclution The relationship between MDR1 expression and the resistance to azole agents in vaginal Candida albicans requires further study.

A device of extrahepatic portacaval shunt is introduced. This device is composed of the daughter and parent magnets and the vascular interventional operation equipment. It is based on the principle of magnetic compression technology, through the intervention approach the daughter and mother magnet are moved to the portal vein and inferior vena cava, respectively. Then the two magnets attract and compress the vessel walls of portal vein and inferior vena cava. Two weeks later, the magnets are detached from the vessel wall with a RUPS-set and the portacaval shunt is established. It is mainly used for the treatment of portal hypertension. It belongs to the interventional operation, there is no any foreign body remaining after the portacaval shunt is established, which can maintain long-term patency. Futhermore the portacaval shunt will not be expanded, therefore it can significantly reduce the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy.
Equipment Design ; Magnetics ; Portacaval Shunt, Surgical ; instrumentation

A new anastomat for digestive tract operations, based on the magnetic compressive technique and mechanical transmission mechanism, is composed of a removable head and a reusable body. The head includes two parts: the proximal end can be fixed to the body, and the distal end could be used for performing a purse string suture. The procedure of anastomosis is similar to that of the stapler, and the anastomoses is established using a pair of magnetic rings. The instrument makes magnamosis more simple and feasible, and it would facilitate the clinical application. The body of the anastomat is reusable and the head could be replaced according to the clinical scenarios, these could reduce the medical cost. The magnetic rings would be excreted with the feces, and there is no foreign body response at last.
Anastomosis, Surgical ; instrumentation ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; surgery ; Humans ; Magnetics

A new system of blood flow block for control of bleeding in abdominal operation is composed of an abdominal magnetic blocking unit, an abdominal external electromagnet unit and other non-magnetic operation instrument. The abdominal external electromagnetic unit is placed in advance in the operation bed. The abdominal magnetic blocking unit can be placed directly on the ventral of the large vessels when need to blocking the abdominal large vessels during the operation. According to the non-contact suction characteristics of magnetic materials, the two magnetic units will attract each other and compression the vessels. Using this system for vascular occlusion does not need clear exposure and without separating vessel. There is the advantage of rapid, accurate and reliable for the system.
Abdomen ; blood supply ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; prevention & control ; Electromagnetic Phenomena ; Equipment Design ; Surgical Equipment

The artificial intelligence based on medical aid diagnosis has been in full swing in these years. How to better and more safely utilize this new technology to improve the diagnostic efficiency and quality of doctors poses new challenges for our hospital management. This paper aims to explore relevant management problems and corresponding solutions from seven aspects:data security, system integration, technical parameters, risks, workflows and diagnosis results by introducing a new intelligent image screening system. After these management problems have been better solved, we found that the intelligent image screening system can improve the diagnostic efficiency and quality of doctors.
Artificial Intelligence ; Hospital Administration

A device of extrahepatic portacaval shunt is introduced. This device is composed of the daughter and parent magnets and the vascular interventional operation equipment. It is based on the principle of magnetic compression technology, through the intervention approach the daughter and mother magnet are moved to the portal vein and inferior vena cava, respectively. Then the two magnets attract and compress the vessel walls of portal vein and inferior vena cava. Two weeks later, the magnets are detached from the vessel wall with a RUPS-set and the portacaval shunt is established. It is mainly used for the treatment of portal hypertension. It belongs to the interventional operation, there is no any foreign body remaining after the portacaval shunt is established, which can maintain long-term patency. Futhermore the portacaval shunt will not be expanded. therefore it can significantly reduce the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy.

A new anastomat for digestive tract operations, based on the magnetic compressive technique and mechanical transmission mechanism, is composed of a removable head and a reusable body. The head includes two parts: the proximal end can be fixed to the body, and the distal end could be used for performing a purse string suture. The procedure of anastomosis is similar to that of the stapler, and the anastomoses is established using a pair of magnetic rings. The instrument makes magnamosis more simple and feasible, and it would facilitate the clinical applicaion. The body of the anastomat is reusable and the head could be replaced according to the clinical scenarios, these could reduce the medical cost. The magnetic rings would be excreted with the feces, and there is no foreign body response at last.

Objective:Take Xi′an Jiaotong University as an example, to analyze the funding status of the National Natural Science Foundation of the Comprehensive University in the field of medicine-Engineering integration, with a view to revealing the general picture of interdiscipline of medicine and engineering research of Xi′an Jiaotong University, and gaining a glimpse of the development of the interdiscipline of medicine and engineering research in universities.Methods:Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the basic situation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China approved in the field of medicine-Engineering integration.Results:A total number of 692 projects were funded in the field of medicine-Engineering integration, with a total funding of 420 million yuan. Funding types are mainly general projects, followed by Youth Science Foundation projects. The number of key and major projects is small, but it is of great significance to the growth of the funding amount. The Department of Medical Science and the Department of Engineering Science are the departments with the largest total number of funding projects and funding amounts. In terms of funding disciplines, the core disciplines of imaging medicine and biomedical engineering, mechanical design and manufacturing, mechanics, biomaterials, imaging and tissue engineering, optics and optoelectronics, and oncology have been formed.Conclusions:The research shows that the interdiscipline of medicine and engineering research of Xi′an Jiaotong University has continued to grow, attracting scholars in science, engineering, medicine, management and other fields to participate, forming an advantageous discipline group. For the development of the integration of medicine and engineering in domestic universities, it is recommended to strengthen the top-level design, increase support for young people, and pay attention to the advanced layout of key and major projects.

This study aimed to identify subtypes of genomic variants associated with the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) by conducting systematic literature search in electronic databases up to May 31, 2021. The main outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and durable clinical benefit (DCB) were correlated with tumor genomic features. A total of 1546 lung cancer patients with available genomic variation data were included from 14 studies. The Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog G12C (KRASG12C) mutation combined with tumor protein P53 (TP53) mutation revealed the promising efficacy of ICI therapy in these patients. Furthermore, patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) classical activating mutations (including EGFRL858R and EGFRΔ19) exhibited worse outcomes to ICIs in OS (adjusted hazard ratio (HR), 1.40; 95％ confidence interval (CI), 1.01?1.95; P=0.0411) and PFS (adjusted HR, 1.98; 95％ CI, 1.49?2.63; P<0.0001), while classical activating mutations with EGFRT790M showed no difference compared to classical activating mutations without EGFRT790M in OS (adjusted HR, 0.96; 95％ CI, 0.48?1.94; P=0.9157) or PFS (adjusted HR, 0.72; 95％ CI, 0.39?1.35; P=0.3050). Of note, for patients harboring the Usher syndrome type-2A (USH2A) missense mutation, correspondingly better outcomes were observed in OS (adjusted HR, 0.52; 95％ CI, 0.32?0.82; P=0.0077), PFS (adjusted HR, 0.51; 95％ CI, 0.38?0.69; P<0.0001), DCB (adjusted odds ratio (OR), 4.74; 95％ CI, 2.75?8.17; P<0.0001), and ORR (adjusted OR, 3.45; 95％ CI, 1.88?6.33; P<0.0001). Our findings indicated that, USH2A missense mutations and the KRASG12C mutation combined with TP53 mutation were associated with better efficacy and survival outcomes, but EGFR classical mutations irrespective of combination with EGFRT790M showed the opposite role in the ICI therapy among lung cancer patients. Our findings might guide the selection of precise targets for effective immunotherapy in the clinic.

A new system of blood flow block for control of bleeding in abdominal operation is composed of an abdominal magnetic blocking unit, an abdominal external electromagnet unit and other non-magnetic operation instrument. The abdominal external electromagnetic unit is placed in advance in the operation bed. The abdominal magnetic blocking unit can be placed directly on the ventral of the large vessels when need to blocking the abdominal large vessels during the operation. According to the non-contact suction characteristics of magnetic materials, the two magnetic units wil attract each other and compression the vessels. Using this system for vascular occlusion does not need clear exposure and without separating vessel. There is the advantage of rapid, accurate and reliable for the system.