AIM: To explore the histopathologic changes of Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy ( RBCD) . · METHODS: Cornea buttons were obtained from patients in 1 pedigree who underwent lamella keratoplasty. Sections with HE and special staining which included symplectic blue staining and Masson staining and Congo red staining were observed under light microscope. Two normal cornea specimens ( donated corneas from eye bank) were used as control. ·RESULTS:In those patients, the bowman's membrane disappeared. The main lesion was in bowman's membrane through HE staining, positive through PAS Congo red staining and Masson staining, negative through symplectic blue staining. ·CONCLUSION: The Reis-Bücklers corneal dystrophy is characterized as geographic map-like lesion of bowman's membrane, and the abnormal extracellular deposit is amyloid protein fiber.

AIM:To evaluate the short-term efficacy of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation for moderate to high myopia.METHODS:Fifty-three eyes of 27 patients with moderate to high myopia (-3.25 to-21.5D) were received posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation with 2.8mm clear corneal incision.Changes of visual acuity, intraocular pressure(IOP), counts of endothelial cells and surgically induced astigmatism at 1mo after surgery were observed.RESULTS:The preoperative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA LogMAR) were 0.05±0.18, the postoperative BCVA at 1d were 0.02±0.14, the postoperative BCVA at 1wk were-0.05±0.11, the postoperative BCVA at 1mo were-0.07±0.10.The postoperative BCVA were statistically significant differences in different time(P<0.05).The preoperative endothelial cell count was 2932.5±270.8/mm2, the postoperative endothelial cell count at 1d was 2917.1±299.0/mm2;the postoperative endothelial cell count at 1wk was 2902.5±288.6/mm2;the postoperative endothelial cell count at 1mo was 2855.3±284.2/mm2.The postoperative endothelial cell count was not statistically significant differences in different time.The preoperative IOP was 15.8±2.5mmHg;the postoperative IOP at 1d was 15.3±2.9mmHg;the postoperative IOP at 1wk was 17.4±5.8mmHg;the postoperative IOP at 1mo were 15.8±2.6mmHg.The preoperative IOP was significantly different compared with postoperative IOP at 1d, 1wk and 1mo.The postoperative IOP at 1d and 1wk were statistically significant differences (P<0.05).The surgically induced astigmatism at 1d was 0.74±0.39D;the surgically induced astigmatism at 1wk was 0.57±0.28D;the surgically induced astigmatism at 1mo was 0.44±0.21D.The postoperative IOP were statistically significant differences in different time (P<0.05).The preoperative anterior chamber depth was 3.26±0.25mm;the postoperative central vault at 1d were 654.5±345.2μm;the postoperative central vault at 1mo were 683.0±211.7μm.The postoperative central vault were significantly different between that at 1d and 1mo after operations.Operations went without serious complications.CONCLUSION:Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation for moderate to high myopia were safe, effective and predictability.But long-term effect remains needed to be further follow-up.

To the cataract patient after corneal refractive surgery, if the intraocular lens power was determined by conventional formulas, different refractive errors may be produced after intraocular lens implantation.This inaccuracy of the lens power mainly came from 2 aspects-errors of corneal refractive power measurement and errors of formulas.Besides, imprecise of ocular axial length measurement and invalid lens position calculation also contributed to the inaccuracy of lens power.Therefore, in order to reduce refractive errors of cataractous surgery in patient underwent refractive surgery, appropriate method should be used to estimate the refractive power of corneal, and proper formula should be selected to calculate intraocular lens power.

To analyze dryeye disease after the femtosecond laser and mechanical microkeratome for laser in situ keratomileusis ( LASlK ) by Oculus dry eye analyzer examination.METHODS: The people who had femtosecond LASlK ( FS-LASlK ) and mechanical microkeratome LASlK in Weifang Eye Hospital from January 2014 to April 2014 were observed. Sixty patients ( 120 eyes ) who had corneal refractive surgery were collected. The average age of patients was 27. 46 ± 6. 65 years old. The LASlK group had 28 patients ( 56 eyes ) and the FS-LASlK group had 32 patients ( 64 eyes ) . The tears river altitude, first tear break up time ( BUT) , and average BUT at preoperative, 1wk and 1mo after operation were observed by Oculus dry eye analyzer.RESULTS:By Oculus dry eye analyzer examination, the preoperative tears river altitude of patients was 0. 25 ± 0. 10mm. First BUT was 6. 70 ± 3. 86s. Average BUT time was 10. 14 ± 4. 51s. At 1wk after operation, the tears river altitude of patients was 0. 19±0. 04mm. The first BUT time was 4.87±1.71s. The average BUT time was 7.77±2.30s. There was significant difference between preoperative and 1wk after operation (P<0. 05). At 1mo after operation in two groups, the tears river altitude of patients was 0. 19 ± 0. 18mm . The average BUT 8. 72 ± 2. 54s. The BUT was 5. 02 ± 2. 30s. There was significant difference between preoperative and 1mo after operation (P<0. 05). The two groups had significant difference in average tears river altitude and average BUT between 1mo and 1wk after operation. There was no significant difference in the first BUT between 1mo and 1wk after operation. There was no significant difference between LASlK and FS - LASlK groups at any time of the test (P<0. 05).CONCLUSlON: LASlK and FS - LASlK patients have different degree of dry eye symptom after operation. Dry eye symptoms mainly display in the decrease of tear production and the stability of tear film. lt will be better after giving artificial tears. Oculus dry eye analyzer is a non-invasive examination equipment. lt can reflect the amount of tears and the stability of tear film. lt is usefull in rapid diagnosis of dry eye and judgment of the degree of dry eye symptom after LASlK operation.

Objective: To examine the modalities of treatment and clinical outcomes of emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN), in order to improve the survival rate of EPN patients. Methods: Totally 14 patients diagnosed as EPN between October 2011 and November 2020 at Department of Urology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine were included in this article. Data collection including patient demographics, clinical manifestations, management and clinical outcomes were conducted by retrospective charts review, after receiving the institutional review board's approval. There were 11 females and 3 males with a median age of 59 years (range: 52 to 73 years). The lesions were located on the left side in 10 patients and right side in 4 patients. All the 14 patients suffered from fever, and present with severe sepsis or septic shock. The median time from symptom onset to admission to hospital was 3 days(range: 2 to 5 days). All cases had diabetes mellitus. Escherichia coli was the most common organism been cultured (11 cases), while Klebsiella pneumonia was the second (3 cases). CT scan showed bubbly or located gas in the renal parenchyma in 5 cases and presence of steaky or mottled gas in the renal parenchyma in 9 cases. All patients had been admitted to ICU for anti-septic shock therapy. Three patients had undergone percutaneous catheter drainage along with broad-spectrum antibiotics therapy while 3 patients had immediate nephrectomy, the other 8 cases had a combination of an initial percutaneous catheter drainage and second stage nephrectomy. Results: In this case series, 3 patients were died from EPN while the other 11 were survived. The median ICU stay time was 6 days (range: 3 to 11 days). Of the 3 patients died from EPN, 2 had undergone percutaneous catheter drainage along and 1 had received immediate nephrectomy. Among the 11 patients who were survived, only 1 had received percutaneous catheter drainage while the other 10 received nephrectomy (8 patients had staged nephrectomy). Follow-up was performed 6 months after discharge. Of the 11 surviving patients, 2 were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 9 patients had an creatine level of (118.4±29.4) μmol/L (range: 89 to 176 μmol/L). Conclusions: For patients coupled with diabetes who were initially diagnosed as acute pyelonephritis, the possibility of EPN should be considered when the disease progressed rapidly especially septic shock occurred. On the basis of empirical broad-spectrum antibiotics therapy and standardized anti-septic shock treatment, a combination of an initial percutaneous catheter drainage and second stage nephrectomy could be efficacious.
Aged ; Emphysema/therapy* ; Escherichia coli Infections ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pyelonephritis/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

This paper was to study the angiogenic inhibitory effect and the potential antitumor effect of the constructed recombinant DNA vaccine CRT/HPV6bE7 in vivo. The C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated respectively with recombinant CRT/HPV6bE7 DNA plamids. The inhibitory effects on angiogenesis of generated vaccines in vivo were evaluated by a bFGF-induced angiogenesis assay using the Matrigel kit. To investigate the potential antitumor effect, the mean tumor weights, sizes and tumor appearing times were measured in C57BL/6 mice treated with HPV6bE7-expressing B16 cells. The results indicated that the recombinants CRT180/HPV6bE7 and CRT180 showed strong anti-angiogenic effects in bFGF-induced angiogenesis in vivo. Moreover, CRT180/HPV6bE7 and CRT180 DNA vaccines could significantly inhibit the tumor growth in tumor challenge experiment, and CRT180/HPV6bE7 was superior to other vaccines in delaying tumor formation time, limiting tumor size and weight in tumor protection experiment. In conclusion, recombinant CRT180/HPV6bE7 DNA could elicit a most efficient anti-angiogenic effect and inhibit tumor growth in mice inoculated with DNA vaccines. The antiangiogenic activity of CRT were suggested residing in a domain between CRT 120-180 aa.
Animals ; Calreticulin ; genetics ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 6 ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; prevention & control ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral ; genetics ; Papillomavirus Infections ; therapy ; Papillomavirus Vaccines ; immunology ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; genetics ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo explore the value of the technique of multiplex fluorescence in sit hybridization (M-FISH) combined with interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in the identification of the chromosomal aberrations in multiple myeloma (MM) and to investigate the frequency of 13q14 deletion, IgH translocations and 17p13 deletion.

METHODSSeven MM patients with complex chromosomal abnormalities (CCAs) were analyzed by combining the technique of conventional cytogenetics (CC) with M-FISH and FISH.

RESULTSM-FISH identified the aberrations which were undetected by CC, including twelve kinds of numeral aberrations and twenty-nine kinds of structural aberrations, In addition, abnormalities of chromosome 1, chromosomes 13 deletion and IgH translocations were the most frequent aberrations. Using the LSI D13S319 probe specific for 13q14, we observed a deletion of 13q14 in 6 MM patients; using the LSI p53 probe specific for 17p13, we observed p53 deletion in 4 MM patients; using the LSI IGHC/IGHV probe specific for 14q32, we observed a translocation involving 14q32 in 5 MM patients (43.5%), two translocations in two cases (case 6 and 7).

CONCLUSIONM-FISH combined with FISH could refine the cytogenetics of MM patients and detect the missed abnormalities or correct the misidentified abnormalities analyzed by CC. It provides an ideal method for the research of chromosomal aberrations in MM.

Adult ; Aged ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; Translocation, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of T-helper (Th) and cytotoxic T (Tc) lymphocyte polarization in the pathogenesis of condyloma acuminatum (CA) and its correlation with recurrence.

METHODSThree-colour immunofluorescent flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of CD3+ CD8- /IFN-gamma+ (Th1), CD3+ CD8- /IL-4+ (Th2), CD3+ CD8+/IFN-gamma+ (Tc1) and CD3+ CD8+ /IL-4+ (Tc2) cells in the peripheral blood of CA patients and health controls.

RESULTSCompared to health controls, CA patients showed a decreased number of Th1 (P < 0.01) and Tc1 cells (P < 0.05), as well as a decreased Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 ratio (P < 0.05). Furthermore, in 15 recurrent CA patients the ratio of Th1/Th2 was remarkably decreased (P < 0.01), while the ratio of Tc1/Tc2 had no significant change in comparison with health controls.

CONCLUSIONThe decrease of Th1 and Tc1 subsets results in relative Th2 and Tc2 predominance, and this tendency is more significant in recurrent CA patients. The Th1 to Th2 and Tc1 to Tc2 shifts in CA patients could be responsible for the fact that human papilloma virus (HPV) is hard to be eliminated.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Condylomata Acuminata ; blood ; immunology ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Middle Aged ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; cytology ; immunology ; Th1 Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Th2 Cells ; cytology ; immunology

Objective To understand the incidence and characteristics of nonfatal drowning among primary and middle school students in rural area and to provide basic information for intervention.Methods A rural town was selected and all students from 3th-8th grades,10th grade and 11th grade were studied.All data were collected,using a self-administrated questionnaires which was guided by investigator.Results The overall incidence rate of nonfatal drowning was 5.65%(549/9732)and were 7.69%,5.80%,2.39%for primary,secondary and high school students,respectively.Male students had a higher rate(7.14%)than that of females(4.03%).The incidence rates of non-treated,treated in emergency and under hospitalization were 4.52%,0.77% and 0.35%.The major reasons of drowning were swimming (46.88%),falling into waters(15.67%),diving(13.79%)and rescuing others(6.24%).The proportion of drowning occurred in the afternoon,evening,at noon or in the morning were 59.94%,15.64%,14.77%and 9.65%respectively.The common sites of drowning were river/lake(42.48%),swimming pool(19.56%),reservoir(11.39%)and pond(4.38%).66.76%of the drowning cases were witnessed by other person,and 17.86%were conscious when being removed from waters.Conclusion The incidence of nonfatal drowning among students in rural areas was high,and the natural body of waters was the most common site causing drowning while swimming was the major reason of drowning.Intervention targeting on primary and middle sehool students in rural should be carried out to reduce the incidence.

OBJECTIVESTo study the change of telomerase activity in rat spermatogonia when the telomerase RNA was enclosed, and reactivity of the change to cytokine(SCF, TGF-beta 1).

METHODSThe antisense oligonucleotides(PS-ASON) of telomerase was transfected into proliferating spermatogonia in vitro with the liposomes as the vector. Then the cytokine, stem cell factor (SCF) or transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-beta 1), was added. The proliferative activity of the spermatogonia was determined before and after the inhibition by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]assay. The change of telomerase activity was detected by telomeric repeat amplification protocol (TRAP).

RESULTS1 mumol/L PS-ASON obviously downregulated the telomerase activity and inhibited spermatogonia proliferation. When the inhibition was over, the activity recovered to some extent(P < 0.01). Growth factors can regulate the spermatogonia after inhibition, SCF may improve the activity of telomerase and the proliferation of spermatogonia. Adversely, TGF-beta 1 may inhibit the recovery of telomerase activity.

CONCLUSIONSTo inhibit spermatogonia telomerase activity antisensely can limit the proliferation of spermatogonia efficiently, which was regulated by cytokine. This method might be a new and efficient way in male birth control.

Animals ; Bacterial Proteins ; analysis ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Contraceptive Agents, Male ; pharmacology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Male ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; pharmacology ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spermatogonia ; cytology ; drug effects ; enzymology ; Stem Cell Factor ; metabolism ; Telomerase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transcription Factors ; analysis ; Transfection