Superantigens are potent activators of T cells,causing rapid and massive proliferation of T cells and superantigen-dependent-cell-mediated cytotoxicity with extremely low doses.However such antitumor effects lack selectivity.Thus with the methods including monoclonal antibody targeting or binding superantigens to the surface of tumor cells as well as genetic engineering,scientists have done lots of work on targeted therapy of malignancies with superantigen.

Objective To study the effects of cyclooxygenase( COX)?2 selective inhibitors on post?endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP ) pancreatitis ( PEP ) and hyperamylasemia for common bile duct stones. Methods A total of 128 patients with normal serum amylase underwent ERCP from June 2014 to February 2015 in our hospital and were given corresponding drugs to prevent PEP.The pa?tients were divided randomly into four groups:combination group( n=33) , celecoxib group( n=34) , nitro?glycerin group(n=32) and control group(n=29). The serum amylase(AMS), C?reactive protein(CRP) and direct bilirubin( Dbil) after ERCP were measured. Abdominal pain was observed, and the incidence of PEP and post?ERCP hyperamylasemia were recorded. Results The incidence of PEP in combination group, celecoxib group were lower than those in nitroglycerin group and the control group ( 3?03%, 2?94% VS 15?63%, 17?24%),but the difference was not statistically significant(P=0?078).The incidence of post?ERCP hyperamylasemia in combination group and celecoxib group were lower than that in the control group ( 3?03%,5?88% VS 31?03%) with statistically significant difference( P=0?003, P=0?010) . There was no significant difference between nitroglycerin group ( 25%) and control group. The abdominal pain grades of combination group and celecoxib group were lower than those in nitroglycerin group and control group with significant difference(P<0?05). Celecoxib may reduce CRP after ERCP(P=0?001) and nitroglycerin may reduce Dbil after ERCP(P=0?016). Conclusion Celecoxib may reduce the incidence of hyperamylasemia and can help to reduce the abdominal pain and inflammatory reactions after ERCP . Nitroglycerin can help to reduce the Dbil after ERCP .

Animals ; Arterioles ; cytology ; growth & development ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Lung ; anatomy & histology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To explore the expression and significance of Rac1 and WAVE2 protein in glomerulus of high-
fat diet induced C57BL/6J model mice. Methods Thirty-two male C57BL/6J mice (3-week old) were randomly assigned into two groups(16 in each group). The control group was fed with basic diet (10%fat) for 4 weeks. The high-fat diet group was fed with high-fat diet (60%fat) for 4 weeks. The kidney morphological changes were examined by HE and PAS staining. The expressions of Rac1 and WAVE2 protein were examined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results HE and PAS results showed that there were glomeruli mesangial matrix hyperplasia and exudation in high-fat diet group compared with control group. The immunohistochemistry and Western blotting results showed that expressions of Rac 1 and WAVE2 in glomerulus were both increased in high-fat diet group compared with those of control group. Conclusion Rac1 and WAVE2 protein may be involved in glomerular injuries induced by high-fat diet.

Objective Using the effect of microneedle array to investigate the feature and rule of transdermal drug delivery of sinomenine hydrogel patch.Methods The microneedles with different length and sinomenine hydrogel patch were prepared;The isolated rat skin was pretreated by different needle-shapes of microneedle array and different timepoints with the same needle-shape,and then sticked the sinomenine patch.The permeation rates of sinomenine were studied using a Franz diffusion cell and compared with passive diffusion of the rat skin untreated.Sinomenine content was measured by HPLC.Results The permeation rates of sinomenine via the skin pretreated with 100 and 200 ?m microneedles were 40.7 and 52.4 times to those of the untreated.The permeation rates of sinomenine via the skin pretreated 7 min with 200 ?m microneedles is 142.0 times to those of the untreated.When skins were pretreated using 200 ?m microneedles with different force, the drug permeation rates were increased with the force increasing.When the force exceeded 5 N,the drug permeation rates were equilibrium.Conclusion When transdermal drug delivery by using microneedle array-hydrogel patch,the permeation rates increase significantly.The needle-shape,skin pretreating time,and force of the microneedles play the important roles in the transdermal drug delivery.

Objective To analyze the common respiratory tract infection pathogens distribution and their drug resistance in pedi-atric cardiac intensive care unit(CICU),so as to provide reference for clinical rational use of antibiotics.Methods 1 350 cases of sputum specimens from lower respiratory tract infection patients of pediatric CICU in the medical center between January 2011 and December 2012 were cultivated and drug susceptibilities were tested.The results were retrospectively analyzed.Results 490 patho-genic strains were isolated from 1 350 cases of sputum specimens and identified,including Gram negative bacilli 288 strains (58.78%),Gram positive coccus 140 strains(28.57%),fungi 62 strains(12.65%,mainly Candida albicans ).Gram negative bacilli was given priority to with Klebsiella pneumoniae (62 strains,12.65%),followed by Branhamella catarhalis ,Pseudomonas aerugi-nosa and Escherichia coli .The rates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases(ESBLs)-producing strains among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 73.33% and 66.13%,respectively.Gram positive coccus was given priority to with Staphylococcus aureus (65 strains,13.27%),followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae .Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)accounted for 24.62%.Conclusion Staphylococcus aureus ,Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae are main pathogens of re-spiratory tract infection in pediatric CICU.And there is multiple drug-resistant bacteria infection.Rational applicattion of antibiot-ics according to the test results of isolation and drug susceptibility is an effective way to control the infection of critical children and reduce the emergence of resistant strains.

Objective To study expression and significance of keratin 17 and 19 in psoriatic lesion.Method The expression of keratin 17 and 19 in 30 psoriatic lesion and 10 normal skin was measured by immunohistochemistry method.Results The expression level of keratin 17 in the psoriatic lesion was higher than that in the normal skin,the expression level of keratin 19 in the psoriatic lesion was lower than that in the normal skin,there were significant differences in the expression of keratin 17 and 19 between them(P ＜0.05).The optical density level of keratin 17 in the psoriatic lesion was obviously raised compared with the normal skin(5.81 ± 1.42 vs.0,P＜ 0.01).The optical density level of keratin 19 in the psoriatic lesion was obviously decreased compared with the normal skin(0.49 ±0.03 vs.2.03± 1.08,P＜0.05).The optical density level of keratin 17 and 19 showed negative correlation in the psoriatic lesion(r =-0.479,P＜ 0.01).Conclusion Keratin 17 and 19 may play a role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Objective To elucidate the differences between invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) and invasive ductal carcinoma(IDC),and explore the clinicopathological and immunohistochemistry characteristics of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast.Methods Invasive micropapillary carcinoma was identified in 51 patients by retrospective review of database from October 2004 to November 2007.Data were compared with 102 patients identified as invasive ductal carcinoma available in this hospital during the same period.Results Significant differences were observed in mammilla invasion,lymphatic vessel invasion,positivity of lymph node,lymph node metastatic level,extranodal extension,estrogen receptor,progestin receptor,triple negative between the two groups; while there was no significant differences between the two groups as to amenorrhea status,lesion laterality,number of metastatic lymph nodes,human epidermal growth factor receptor-2,local recurrence and distant organ metastasis.The median follow-up time of the invasive micropapillary carcinoma group were 46 months ( 16 - 75 months),and the 3-year overall survival and disease free survival was 90.2％ and 84.3％,respectively.Conclusions Invasive micropapillary carcinoma is a unique subtype of breast cancer which manifests an aggressive behavior tending to involve lymph node and extranodal soft tissues.Invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast had high expression of hormonal receptors,and triple negative breast cancer is less common in this type of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and microsurgical outcomes of patients with parasellar cavernous hemangiomas.Methods The clinical data and prognosis of 12 patients with parasellar cavemous hemangiomas treated with microsurgery were retrospectively analyzed.Magnetic resonance imaging showed that cavernous hemangiomas appeared slight hypointensity on T1WI,hyperintense on T2WI,and significant contrast on enhancing.Results Total resection and sub-total resection was achieved in 9 and 3 patients.No death occurred postoperatively.After operation,all patients were released from intracranial hypertension.In 6 patients who had visual disorder,5 patients improved and 1 patient had no change.In 5 patients who had eyeball motor disorder,3 patients improved and 2 patients had no change.In 4 patients who had pituitary gland dyshormonism,2 patients improved and 2 patients had no change.At postoperative early stage,diabetes insipidus and serum electrolyte disorder occurred in 3 patients,2 patients developed oculomotor paralysis.Patients were followed up (30.51 + 2.57) months.Three patients recovered from diabetes insipidus and serum electrolyte disorder,and 1 patient recovered from oculomotor paralysis.No patient suffered tumor recurrence or regrowth.Conclusions The correct diagnosis of parasellar cavernous hemangiomas can be achieved according to the preoperative MRI.Microsurgery is the first-line therapy for parasellar cavernous hemangiomas.

Objective To explore the efficacy of microvascular decompression (MVD)on trigeminal neuralgia and the anatomical characteristics of the responsible blood vessels.Methods The clinical data of 25patients with idiopathic trigemine neuralgia(ITN) undergoing MVD were analyzed retrospectively.The origins of the responsible blood vessels and sites of compression at the trigeminal root were observed and determined.Meanwhile,the anatomical characteristics of the responsible blood vessels and the efficacy of MVD were investigated.Results The offending vessels which were responsible for ITN were identified at root exit zone (REZ) in 21 cases (84％).The most common responsible vessel was the superior cerebellar artery in 13 cases (52％),followed by anterior inferior cerebellar artery in 6 cases (24％).Seventy six percent of the offending vessels were arteries and 8％ were rock vein.No vascular compression but evident increase in the thickness of arachnoid mater covered by the trigeminal nerve was observed in 4 cases ( 16％ ).All patients were relieved for the acute pain and the overall cure rate was 96％.Conclusion MVD is a safe,microinvasive and effective surgical modality for ITN.The key for better outcomes and less complications of MVD is to improve microsurgical techniques and deal with all the involved vessels.