Child ; Digestive System ; metabolism ; Glutamine ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immune System ; metabolism ; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; physiology

Pleiotrophin, discovered in 1989, was thought as a muhi-funetional growth factor; It plays an important role in tumor occurrence and central neural system. The latest research showed pleiotrophin signal pathway probably takes part in neural repair after peripheral nerve injury, especially in the followed crisis point, such as the protection of spinal cord neuron, the promotion of the speed of neuron axon regeneration, the guidance of neuron axon regeneration, skeleton muscle reirmervation. It potentially makes a key role in the guidance of neural axon regeneration in peripheral neural system and muscle reianervation. Along with the related researches go deep, pleiotrophin gene might become a controllable target for promoting the result of peripheral neural repair and reconstructing the neuromuscular junction.

Recombinant PCR applies to fulfill gene recombination by PCR thermal reaction.Over the twenty years,it has branched into three characteristic strategies:splicing by overlapping extension(SOE),jumping polymerase chain reaction(JPCR)and DNA shuffling.Recently,the technique aimed with exploiting natural source of different allele genes is developing up on simplification of experimental procedure,on trap for mutation and variation,and on highthroughput screening with technology of surface display and fluorescent probe.The recombinant PCR is increasesing value in broad range from biological basic research to bioengineering study.

Background It is very important for us to understand retinal function change in the patient with diabetic mellitus in clinic. At present,the study about diabetic mellitus associated with macular edema includes fundus fluorescense angiography ( FFA) and multifocal electroretinogram ( mfERG) etc.. However, seldom research is performed in the mfERG findings for different types of diabetic macular edema. Objective This study aimed to investigate the mfERG change in different types of diabetic macular edema compared with normal population. Methods Fifty-seven eyes with diabetic macular edema from 40 patients and 35 eyes from age-and gender-matched normal subjects were enrolled in this study. The eyes with diabetic macular edema were assigned to local macular edema group (n=16) ,diffuse macular edema group (n = 22) and cystoid macular edema ( n = 17 ) based on the manifestation of FFA. MfERG was recorded in all the individuals. The informed consent was obtained from each subject prior to any the medical examination. Results In focal diabetic macular edema group,the response density of P1 wave was significantly attenuated in ring 1 , showing a statistical difference in comparison with controls (t =2. 170,P = 0.038) ,and the latencies of P1 and N1 waves showed obvious prolong in ring 4 and 5 (t = 2.519,P = 0. 017 ;t = 2. 451 ,P = 0. 020). In diffuse diabetic macular edema group,the response densities of P1 and N1 waves were declined in ring 1,3,5 and ring 1,3,4,5 respectively,and the latencies of P, in ring 3,4 were significantly delayed respectively in comparison with controls (all P < 0. 05 ). In cystoid diabetic macular edema group, the response densities of P1 and N1 waves were lowed from ring 1 through 5 respectively, and the latencies of P1 and N1 waves were significantly longer from ring 3 through 5 and ring 4 respectively with the statistically significant difference from controls (all P<0. 05). The visual function of fovea was badly damaged. Conclusion These studies indicate that the most serious damage of visual function is in foveal area in cystoid diabetic macular edema group, and is then parafoveal area of diffuse diabetic macular edema group and perifoveal area in focal diabetic macular edema group. The outcome of mfERG presents a good consistency with FFA findings in the patients with diabetic macular edema.

AIM: To study the clinical curative effect of 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy for cataract and vitreoretinal diseases.METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 92 patients (99 eyes),including 49 male (53 eyes),43 female (46 eyes) with mean age was 57.1±1.9 years,in our hospital for cataract and vitreoretinal treatment of the disease from February 2013 to February 2016.All patients underwent 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy.Curative effect and complications were observed.RESULTS: Combined surgical procedures were carried out smoothly.posterior capsule rupture did not occurred.seven eyes were filled with BSS fluid,46 eyes with C3F8,49 eyes with intraocular lens at phase Ⅰ,21 eyes placed intraocular lens when silicone oil was removed.The visual acuity improved in 84 eyes (85%),unchaged in 15 eyes (15%).Postoperative complications included transient high intraocular pressure in 18 eyes (18%),anterior chamber reaction in 7 eyes (7%) and corneal edema in 8 eyes (8%).CONCLUSION: The 2mm micro incision phacoemulsification combined with 23G minimally invasive vitrectomy is a safe and effective surgical method with less injury,fewer complications.

Objective To evaluate the impact of the off -pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) on left ventricular(LV) function with transesophageal echocardiography(TEE). Methods Blood flow velocities of pulmonary vein (PV) and mitral valve (MV) were performed in 21 patients with coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction two weeks pre-OPCAB, and the left ventricular SV, CO and LVEF were measured by biplane Simpson′s method, the data were compared with the results observed one month post-OPCAB. Results The peak flow velocities of PV had significant difference between pre- and post-OPCAB(P

Objective to investigate the curative effect of activated vitamin D3 combined with IFN-α on CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis in BALB/c mouse model. Methods the experimental mice received 100 μL of 10% CCl4 intraperitoneally to induce a model of hepatic fibrosis,and the nor-mal control group were administrated with same volume of 0.9% saline(n = 6). the experimental mice then were randomly divided into four treat-ment groups and treated for six weeks:saline therapy group(0.9% saline,100 μL/mouse,n = 6),IFN-α therapy group(IFN-α 800 U/mouse,n =6),1,25-(OH)2D3 therapy group(50 μg/kg,by gavaged,n = 6)and combined treatment therapy group(combined treatment,n=6). Hepatic inju-ry and hepatic pathology were examined by HE staining and Masson staining. Interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-10(IL-10),tumor necrosis factor-α(tNF-α),transforming growth factor-β(tGF-β)and Smad3 were determined by real-time PCR and ELISA. Results Inflammatory cell infiltra-tion and periportal collagen deposition were significantly reduced in all the therapeutic group expect saline therapy group assessed by HE and Masson staining. the IFN-α therapy group,1,25-(OH)2D3 therapy group and combined treatment therapy group displayed significant decrease in Col1α1, IL-6,tNF-α,tGF-β and Smad3 expression and increase in IL-10 expression in liver tissue(P < 0.05). Conclusion the effect of 1,25-(OH)2D3 combined with IFN-α therapy is similar to separated treatment.

Objective To investigate the inheritance principle of the expanded GAG repeat allele and the clinical features of spinocerebellar ataxias 3 (SCA3) in a consanguinity family with first cousin marriage.Methods The CAG repeats of SCA3 gene were amplified by means of polymerase chain reaction.Fragment analysis with laser-induced fluorescence in capillary electrophoresis were performed for the positive samples detected by agarose gel electrophoresis.Furthermore,the clinical features were analyzed carefully.Results Fragment analysis revealed that the proband carried 2 alleles with 56 and 72 CAG repeats separately.The proband' s father carried 28 and 66,and the expanded CAG repeat allele inherited from his grandfather.The proband' s mother carried 33 and 56,and the expanded CAG repeat allele inherited from his grandmother.The proband' s son carried 27 and 85 and presented with dystonia besides ataxia.Conclusions The proband' s parents have the common ancestors.Their alleles with expanded CAG repeats probably come from the same allele of their ancestor.The GAG repeat is more unstable in the paternal inheritance than in the maternal inheritance.The 71-year-old asymptomatic family member carry the allele with 56 CAG repeats,which indicates the 56 CAG repeats may be not associated with the disease.The patients within this family have variable clinical features,especially the juvenile-onset case presents with apparent dystonia.

Objective To assess the clinical features and associated factors of interstitial lung disease (ILD) in patients with dermatomyositis (DM).Methods Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed on 206 patients with DM collected at the Department of Dermatology,Huashan Hospital,Fudan University in the past 6 years.Chi-square test and t test were performed for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of ILD was 49.03％ in the 206 patients with DM.Heliotrope rash on the upper eyelids,Gottron's sign (papules),arthralgia,and cough were correlated with the incidence of ILD in DM patients (all P ＜ 0.05),and of these factors,the prevalence of artharalgia and cough were positively correlated with the incidence of ILD,while the presence of Gottron's papules was negatively correlated.The patients with DM and ILD showed a higher prevalence of abnormal serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) and anti-Jo-1 antibodies,as well as with a poorer pulmonary function,compared with those suffering from DM only (all P ＜0.05).Characteristic imaging findings on computed tomography (CT) scan in patients with DM and ILD included linear opacity (57.4％),high-density patchy opacity (31.7％),reticular opacity (16.8％) and even ground glass-like opacity (13.8％),usually at the bottom or apex of the lungs.Conclusions In patients with DM,the prevalence of artharalgia and cough is positively correlated,whereas the presence of Gottron's papules is negatively correlated,with the incidence of ILD.Characteristic imaging findings on CT scan in patients with DM and ILD are linear opacity,high-density patchy opacity,reticular opacity and ground glass-like opacity at the bottom and apex of lungs.

Teaching reform is the strong requirement of the times and social development.Immunology department inTaishan Medical College integrated teaching and a variety of extra-curricular teaching,broke the constraints of traditional teaching model in time and space,played the leading role of teachers and inspired students' independent learning,thus improving the teaching effectiveness in immunology.