Objective To investigate the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine used in SEP and MEP monitoring in patients undergoing neurosurgery. Methods Eighty patients undergoing neurosurgery receiving SEP and MEP monitoring were randomly divided into 4 groups(n = 20 each):group C,group D1,group D2 and group D3. In groups D1 ,D2 and D3 ,dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was infused over 10 minutes before anesthesia induction,and then was infused at a rate of 0.1,0.3 and 0.5μg/(kg·h)respectively toward the end of operation. Group C received the equal volume of normal saline. HR ,MAP and BIS were recorded at admission to the operating room(T1),skin incision(T2),when the muscle relaxants were stopped(T3)and 50 minutes later(T4). The current intensity and the time when first MEP was induced after muscle relaxant was stopped ,the amplitudes and latencies of SEP(N20-P25,N20)and MEP on thenar muscle at T4,the total consumption of propofol,and development of adverse affects were also recorded. Results Compared with groups C and D1,HR and MAP were decreased at T2-T4 in groups D2 and D3(P<0.05). The amount of propofol consumed were lower in groups D2 and D3 than in groups C and D1(P < 0.05). The current intensity inducing MEP was lower and the amplitude of MEP at T4 was higher in group D2 than in groups C,D1 and D3,and the situation was same in group D3 than in group C (P<0.05). No significant change was found in the other parameters in groups C ,D1 ,D2 and D3(P>0.05). Conclusion Dexmedetomidine infused at 0.3 μg/(kg · h) after infusion of a loading dose of 0.5 μg/kg could improve monitoring quality of MEP through reducing the amount of propofol consumed ,have less inhibition on MEP than other groups,have no obvious effects on SEP,andmaintain hemodynamic stability.

Objective To observe the feasibility and safety of dexmedetomidine used in motor evoked potentials(MEP)monitoring in patients undergoing neurosurgery.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ orⅡ patients,male 1 5 cases,female 1 5 cases,aged 20-60 years,weighing 40-80 kg undergoing neuro-surgery receiving MEP monitoring were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =1 5 each):control group (group C)and dexmedetomidine group (group D).In group D,dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg was in-fused over 10 minutes before anesthesia induction,and then was infused at a rate of 0.5 μg·kg-1 · h-1 toward the end of operation.Group C received the equal volume of normal saline.HR,MAP and BIS were recorded at admission to the operating room (T0 ),skin incision (T1 ),when the muscle re-laxants were stopped (T2 )and 50 minutes later (T3 ).The current intensity and the time when first MEP was induced after muscle relaxant was stopped,the amplitudes and latencies of MEP on thenar muscle at T3 ,the total consumption of anesthetics,and development of adverse effects were also re-corded.Results Compared with T0 ,HR in group C at T1 ,T3 and MAP in group C at T1-T3 was in-creased,HR in group D was decreased at T2-T3 (P <0.05).Compared with group C,HR and MAP were decreased at T1-T3 in group D(P <0.05).The amount of propofol consumed and the current in-tensity inducing MEP were lower in group D than in group C (P <0.05).The amplitude of MEP at T3 was higher in group D than in group C (P <0.05).Compared with group C,the incidences of hy-pertension and tachycardia were decreased in group D,and the incidence of bradycardia was increased (P <0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine used in MEP monitoring in patients undergoing neurosur-gery can meet the operation requirements,maintain hemodynamic stability,reduce the incidences of adverse reactions,and improve monitoring quality of MEP.It is a safe and feasible anesthesia method.

Objective　To evaluate whether the stimulation on eyes of bendazac lysine eyedrops could be reduced by cold storage.Methods　 Mate design scheme and double-blind clinical trial were performed. 160 healthy eyes was divided into two groups: the test group was given bendazac lysine eyedrops which was stored in refrigerator at 4℃ over night, and the control group was given it which was stored at room temperature.Results　ln the control group and the test group, the occuring rate of stimulation was 19.30% and 6.25%. The cases of B、C stimulation degrees were 31 and 10; the average stimulation degrees of each group were 1.21 and 1.07, the scoring change for eye stimulation were 1.57±1.50,0.79±1.40,all respectively. The statistical difference was significant (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusion　The eye stimulation of bendazac lysine eyedrops can be reduced by cold storage.

Objective To investigate the effect of down-regulated Blimp1 gene expression on differenetiation of bone marrow cells into dendritic cells (DCs).Methods Blimp1-shRNA was constructed and then loaded into lentivirus vector as lenti-blimp1-shRNA.Bone marrow cells from Balb/c mice were induced differentiation to DCs in an 8-day cell culture system with GM-CSF/IL-4 incubation and LPS stimulation at day 7.The cells were divided into groups as empty control (no treatment),lenti-control (transfected by lentivirus empty vector at day 1),and lenti-Blimp (transfected by lenti-blimp1-shRNA at day 1).The transfection efficiency was evaluated by GFP fluorescence for one week.The morphology and growth curve were analyzed.Real-time PT-PCR and Western blotting were used to evaluate mRNA and protein expression of Blimp1.At day 8,CD11 c and CD86/MHC-Ⅱ were quatitified using flow cytometry.Results GFP fluorescence emerged 3 days after transfection and was continuously expressed.Classic DC morphology was shown in no treatment cells,while damaged morphology presented in the cells with lentivirus transfection.The empty control cells proliferated from day 3,peaked as (2.45 ± 0.26) 106/well at day 4,and kept at (2.27 ± 0.19) 106/ well at day 8,The cells receiving lentivirus presented (1.69 ± 0.39) 106/well.The expression of Blimp1 mRNA and protein in the lenti-Blimp1 group was 76％/1％ and 1.0％/74.0％ of the empty control group.At day 8,CD11c,CD86 and MHC-Ⅱ expression in the empty control group was (69.2 ±5.0)％,(51.1± 4.9) ％ and (56.3 ± 7.3) ％,while (68.6±5.9)％,(49.5±4.3)％ and (69.4±4.5)％ in the lenti-control group,and (72.8 ± 5.5)％,(50.2 ± 6.0)％ and (46.5 ± 5.7)％ in the lenti Blimp1 group.Conclusion Lentivirus-mediated Blimp1-shRNA gene therapy modulates blimp1 expression of DC precursors.Down-regulation of Blimp1 fails to interrupt the differentiation of DCs but inhibits the maturation.