Objective To investigate the quantity of formaldehyde released by artificial wood-based boards sold in Lanzhou. Methods Formaldehyde quantity released by three kinds of artificial wood-based boards(42 samples) were determined with desiccator method. Results Among 42 samples, 9 artificial wood-based boards were E1-level (21.4%), 20 E2-level (47.6%), the others disqualification (31%). A significant difference (0.01

Abstract: Objective　To understand the current epidemic status of echinococcosis in non-endemic areas of Xinjiang and provide a scientific basis for the local prevention and control of echinococcosis. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of echinococcosis in non-epidemic areas of Xinjiang: Tianshan District, Shayibake District, Shule County in Kashgar Prefecture, and Hotan City in Hotan Prefecture of Urumqi City. From each surveyed county (city/district), three townships with higher numbers of reported echinococcosis cases from 2016 to 2020 were selected. Subsequently, three administrative villages with the highest number of reported echinococcosis cases were chosen as survey points from each township. A total of 9 administrative villages were investigated in each county (city/district). In the surveyed village, abdominal B-ultrasound screening was carried out for permanent residents aged three years and older, with suspected cases further tested for echinococcosis antibodies in blood using ELISA. In each survey village, at least 20 fecal samples from domestic dogs and, if present, at least 10 fecal samples from stray dogs were collected and tested for Echinococcus antigens. In the designated slaughterhouse of the surveyed townships, a random sample of 100 sheep or cattle raised in the township was selected on the spot, and their organs were examined by naked eyes, and the suspected diseased organs were detected by PCR. Results Among the four survey counties (cities/districts), 6 020 people underwent ultrasound screening for echinococcosis, with 7 positive cases detected, resulting in a detection rate of 0.12% (7/6 020). The detection rates of Tianshan District, Shayibake District, Shule County, and Hotan City were 0.26 % (4/1 512), 0.14 % (2/1 475), 0 (0/1 499), and 0.07% (1/1 534), respectively, all of which were cystic echinococcosis patients. A total of 1 474 dog fecal samples were detected, with an infection rate of 0.68% (10/1 474). The infection rates for domestic dogs and stray dogs were 0.84% (9/1 076) and 0.25% (1/398) respectively; there was no statistically significant difference between the two (χ2=0.74, P>0.05). A total of 2 095 livestock were surveyed, with an overall infection rate of 2.67% (56/2 095). The infection rates for sheep and cattle were 2.94% (46/1 564) and 1.88% (10/531) respectively, with a statistically significant difference between the two (χ2=6.99, P<0.01). Conclusions No human or dog infections were found in Shule County, which needs to be confirmed by in-depth epidemiological investigation and analysis of previously reported cases. Echinococcosis was found among humans, dogs, and livestock in Tianshan District, Shayibake District, and Hotan City, providing preliminary evidence of circulation history and transmission conditions of echinococcosis. It should be comprehensively considered to determine whether or not to incorporate into the epidemiologic area of echinococcosis to carry out systematic prevention and control.

Objective To establish the mice model of AHL, to investigate the relationship between AHL and the cytoactive factors of the cochlear hair cells in C57BL/6J mice, and to classify the presbycusis models of the C57BL/6J mice. Methods C57BL/6J mice were divided into 6 experimental groups by age (A: 3 months old(m), B: 8 m, C: 9 m, D: 10 m, F: 17 m, G: 18 m) . The auditory functions mice were measured by auditory brainstem response (ABR) with the stimulus click and toneburst at 6 kHz and 8 kHz. 3 months later, Groups C , G, E and H were tested again for ABR. After ABR testing, the cytoactive of the hair cells was detected by succinate dehydrogenase staining and surface preparation technique(two mice from each group except groups C and G). Results The ABR thresholds elevated with age, and the marked change of the cochlea was the degeneration of the cytoactive of the cochlear hair cells, especially those of the outer hair cells. In the beginning, the basement of the basal membrane suffered from the mitochondrion degeneration in the outer hair cells, then it spread to the top region. Subsequently, the inner hair cells were involved. Conclusion C57BL/6J mouse was a typical animal model for the AHL,and the main change of the cochlea was the degeneration of the hair cells, especially the outer hair cells. Thus, C57BL/6J mice can be used as a suitable animal model for the study of presbycusis.

BACKGROUND:There are several reports about the application of fresh bone marrow aspirate being injected directly to repair partial ligament injury, but the application about fresh bone marrow aspirate directly being planted on scaffolds to build tissue-engineered ligament is rarely mentioned.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility of applying fresh bone marrow aspirate planted directly on scaffolds to construct tissue-engineered ligament
METHODS:We constructed fibroin fiber/smal intestinal submucosa composite scaffold, then planting fresh bone marrow directly to built bone marrow seeding group and planting seed cel s (bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s) on the scaffold to built cel seeding group. The control group had no treatment. After that, we detected the density of cel adhesion, cel proliferation ability and extracel ular matrix secretion. Then, the composite in the bone marrow seeding group was implanted into the broken anterior cruciate ligament in rabbits, and material biocompatibility in vivo was evaluated after 12 weeks.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After 4 hours of incubation, bone marrow seeding group was significantly higher than the cel seeding group in cel adhesion density and proliferation rate (P<0.05). Bone marrow seeding group and cel seeding group showed higher type I, III col agen secretion compared with the control group (P<0.05), but the col agen secretion of bone marrow seeding group and cel seeding group showed no significant difference. Composite cel scaffold implantation in vivo did not cause fatal immune rejection and severe inflammatory reaction, and no significant ligament regeneration and vascularization occurred. These findings indicate that fresh bone marrow aspirate can be seeded directly on scaffolds to construct tissue-engineered ligament, and the short-term biocompatibility in vivo is good.

AIM:To establish the GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.METHODS:The volatile constituents of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution were analyzed by capillary GC with FID detector using hydrodistillation and hexane extraction under n-hepladecane used as the reference substance.RESULTS:GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution,16 common peaks were established on the basis of systematic methodology after 10 batches of samples were tested.Variation in the relative retention time of 16 identified common peaks were within 0.5% range.CONCLUSION:The analytical method for Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution is precise and reliable.The research would be helpful to offer an effective pattern for quality control of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.

AIM:To establish the GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.METHODS:The volatile constituents of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution were analyzed by capillary GC with FID detector using hydrodistillation and hexane extraction under n-heptadecane used as the reference substance.RESULTS:GC fingerprint of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution,16 common peaks were established on the basis of systematic methodology after 10 batches of samples were tested.Variation in the relative retention time of 16 identified common peaks were within 0.5% range.CONCLUSION:The analytical method for Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution is precise and reliable.The research would be helpful to offer an effective pattern for quality control of Huoxiang Zhengqi Solution.

Objective To explore the association between fibrinogen gene polymorphism(rs1049636) and serum γ′ fibrinogen level and ischemic stroke (IS) .Methods 421 IS patients and 421 age‐and gender‐ matched healthy controls ,including 283 males and 138 females ,were recruited in this assay .The plasma γ′fibrinogen concentration was measured by enzyme‐linked immunosor‐bent assay (ELISA) .Fibrinogen gene polymorphism(rs1049636) were genotyped by using PCR‐LDR assay .Results γ′fibrinogen concentrations in IS patients[(159 .4 ± 97 .4)U/dL] were significantly higher than that in control group[(114 .2 ± 73 .0)U/dL] with statistically significant difference(P<0 .001) .Single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) analysis showed that rs1049636 C allele was significantly associated withγ′fibrinogen level ,but not associated with increased risk of IS(P=0 .077) .Conclusion An associ‐ation between increasedγ′fibrinogen level and IS existed in Chinese Han population .However ,no association between rs1049636 C allele and IS risk was observed in our study .

This study examined the expression pattern of programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) in cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and its association with age-related hearing loss in mice. Sixty C57BL/6J (C57) mice at different ages were divided into four groups (3, 6, 9 or 12 months). PDCD5 expression was detected by using immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Western blot. Morphological change of the cochleae was also evaluated by using immunoassay. The results showed that the expression of PDCD5 had a gradual increase with ageing in both protein and RNA levels in C57 mice, as well as gradually increased apoptosis of cochlear hair cells and SGNs. In addition, we also found that caspase-3 activity was enhanced and its expression was enhanced with ageing. It is implied that overexpression of PDCD5 causes the increase in caspase-3 activity and the subsequent increase of apoptosis in cochlear hair cells and SGNs, and thereby plays a role in the pathogenesis of presbycusis. Thus, PDCD5 may be a new target site for the treatment and prevention of age-related hearing loss.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of human calcium-activated chloride channel 1 (hCLCA1) and mucin MUC5AC in allergic rhinitis. METHOD: The expression of hCLCA1 and MUC5AC were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical assay in nasal mucosa on 20 patients with allergic rhinitis and 7 normal persons. RESULT: The expression of hCLCA1mRNA in allergic rhinitis group was positive, whereas in normal control group was absent (P<0.01). The expression of MUC5AC mRNA and MUC5AC protein in the allergic rhinitis group were higher than that in the control, respectively (both P<0.01). The increased expression of hCLCA1mRNA in allergic rhinitis group were well correlated with the expression of MUC5ACmRNA and MUC5AC protein and the correlation coefficients were 0.752 and 0.694(both P<0.05). CONCLUSION Upregulation of hCLCA1 mRNA expression may play a pivotal role in mucus overproduction in allergic rhinitis group. The inhibition of HCLCA1 expression may provide a new strategy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Chloride Channels ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mucin 5AC ; metabolism ; Nasal Mucosa ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective: To explore the application value of endoscope in probing the chronic wound with sinus tract in clinic. Methods: Twenty-eight chronic wounds with sinus tracts from 27 patients conforming to the inclusion criteria admitted to Outpatient Department of Wound Healing Center of Ruijin Hospital from December 2017 to March 2018 were investigated in a prospective and self-controlled trial. After being cleaned, the diameter of the opening of sinus tract was measured with a rule. A probe was used to measure the depth of a sinus tract according to the touch from the probe extremity in operation, and to measure the depth of a sinus tract that could be observed with naked eyes with the help of a pair of hemostatic forceps. Five minutes later, a probe was inserted deeply into the sinus tract to measure the depth under the endoscopic view combined with touch from the probe extremity in operation. Afterwards, the sinus tract was observed with endoscope, and the depth of the tract which could be observed under the endoscopic view was measured using a probe inserted deeply into the sinus tract. After completion of the above exploration, the sinus tract was infused with contrast agent Omnipaque 350 and scanned by computed tomography (CT) later to obtain its depth. The following indicators were calculated: the ratio of the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT to the diameter of the opening of the sinus tract (hereinafter referred to as the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract), the deviation rate comparing the depth of the sinus tract measured by conventional method (measured by probe only) and by endoscope (measured by probe under the endoscope view) with the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT (hereinafter referred to as the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract), the deviation rate comparing the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed measured by conventional method and by endoscope with the depth of the sinus tract measured by CT (hereinafter referred to as the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed). Data were processed with paired t test. Pearson correlation analysis was applied to analyze the correlation between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method and by endoscope. Results: The depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract of this group of wounds was 1-32 (8±7). The deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method were (19±14)% and (79±18)%, respectively, both obviously larger than (9±9)% and (25±25)% by endoscope (t=3.837, 13.626, P<0.01). Positive correlation existed between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract by conventional method, and between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the depth of the sinus tract that could be observed by conventional method and by endoscope (r=0.514, 0.585, 0.651, P<0.01). However, there was no obvious correlation between the depth/diameter ratio of the sinus tract and the deviation rate of the measured depth of the sinus tract by endoscope (r=0.113, P>0.05). Conclusions Compared with the conventional method, application of endoscope is able to get more accurate data of chronic wounds with sinus tracts and observe the wounds with wider range.