This study was aimed to establish an objective and quantitative index system and standards of diag-nosis and treatment on the syndrome of liver-kidney essence deficiency for chronic liver diseases , in order to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment , clinical efficacy and service capabilities in the prevention and treatment of chronic liver diseases in traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ) . Modern biological indicators of liver damage and liver regeneration were used as objective and quantitative indicators to study the syndrome of liv-er-kidney essence deficiency . And the syndrome of liver-kidney essence deficiency , which was used to be considered as a recessive syndrome, was finally turning into a dominant syndrome . Hence , the symptom i-dentification can be accurate . The establishment of an objective and quantitative index system and standards of diagnosis and treatment of liver-kidney essence deficiency , which was based on biological indicators such as indicators of histological damage in liver , indicators of hypohepatia , indicators of aregeneratory and indicators of liver dysfunction . According to all indicators , a dynamic monitoring was given on the development law of the syndrome of liver-kidney essence deficiency . All indicators provided references for the prognosis determina-tion and syndrome differentiation . It was concluded that the objective and quantitative research on the syn-drome of liver-kidney essence deficiency in chronic liver diseases is an effective way to improve the level of diagnosis and treatment, clinical efficacy and service capabilities in the prevention and treatment of chronic liver diseases in TCM , which is worth further study .

This paper was aimed to expound the concept , theoretical foundation , theoretical system as well as scientific connotation of the new therapeutic principle of tonifying the kidney to promote liver regeneration and repair . a brief introduction was provided for the development in both fundamental research and clinical appli-cations of liver disease treatment . It provided theoretical references for the clinical treatment of liver diseases .

Objective To evaluate the relationship between osteoporosis(OP) and the age of menarche and menopause,parity and lactation and bone mineral density(BMD).Methods BMD was measured in 1472 postmenopausal women by Norland XR-36 dual energy Xray absorptiometry(DXA) from May 1999 to April 2003 in our hospital.All data of BMD were compared and statistically analyzed between women with different age of menarche and menopause,parity and lactation period.The diagnostic criteria of osteoporosis was defined by a loss of BMD greater than 2.5 standard deviations below average peak BMD of young adult women.Results In all 1472 subjects,the incidence of osteoporsis is 58.5%(861/1472).There was significant increase in osteoporosis of lumbar spine in women with the age of menarche≥17(119 out of 336 cases were with osteoporosis in lumbar)compared with women with age of menarche≤13(75 out of 276 cases were with osteoporosis in lumbar).In women with menarche age of 11-13,14-16,17-19,lumbar vertebral(L_(2-4)) BMD values were(0.83?0.16),(0.82?0.16),(0.80?0.14) g/cm~2,respectively.There was significant increase in BMD of lumbar in the menarche age group of 11-13 compared with the age group of 17-19 in women within menopause 1-10 years(P

Objective To investigate the distribution of prevalence of primary osteoporosis (POP) in the middle aged and the elderly in parts of China. Methods Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured and questionnaire was surveyed from 5 602 people aged above 40 years old in five administrative areas in China, by the stratified multi steps cluster sampling method. Results The total prevalence of POP in these population was 12.4％ according to the most significant parts of the accumulation lose rate. Among them, the prevalence was 8.5％ in male and 15.7％ in female(P

Objective: To research the effects of Zuogui Pill on the gene expression profile of regenerate hepatic tissue in MSG-liver regeneration-rat.Methods: MSG-liver regeneration-rat models were copied;therapy group were given Zuogui Pill(5g/kg) by intragastric administration.Rats were executed at the 5th day after operation,and the regenerate liver tissues were frozen by liquid nitrogen.1176 gene chips of gene expression profile correlated to cell differentiation and multiplication were adopted to observe the changes of gene expression profile in the regenerate liver tissues.Results: There were 292 differential expression genes in therapy group compared with model group(20 genes were up-regulation expressed and 272 genes were down regulation expressed).Conclusion: Zuogui Pill has significant effects on the gene expression profile of regenerate hepatic tissue in MSG-liver regeneration-rat,and most of the genes are down regulation expressed.The result hints that Zuogui Pill could influence the liver regeneration by regulating the gene expressions of MSG-live regeneration-rat.Down regulation of the gene expressions of regenerate hepatic tissue in MSG-liver regeneration-rat possibly is one of the important molecular mechanisms of Zuogui Pill in nourishing liver and kidney.

Objective To investigate the role of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ in severe Mycoplasma pneumonia among children.Methods One hundred and forty children with M.pneumoniae pneumonia (65 severe and 75 non-severe) who were hospitalized were enrolled along with forty other children as controls.X-ray was assessed.The proportions of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+FoxP3+cells were determined by flow cytometry.Results Both severe and non-severe children had decreased CD4+CD25+FoxP3+cells as compared with control subjects in acute phase (0.87 ± 0.66％ vs.3.88 ± 2.00％,P ＜ 0.01 and 1.17 ± 0.70％ vs.3.88 ±2.00％,P ＜0.01,respectively).The levels of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+cells in severe children were lower than those in non-severe children in acute phase and recovery phase (0.87 ±0.66％ vs.1.17 ±0.70％,P ＜0.05 and 1.66 ±0.85％ vs.3.61 ± 1.45％,P＜0.01,respectively).Both severe children and non-severe children expressed higher CD4+CD25+FoxP3+cells in recovery phase than in acute phase (1.66 ± 0.85 ％ vs.0.87 ± 0.66％,P ＜0.01 and 3.61 ± 1.45％ vs.1.17 ±0.70％,P ＜0.01,respectively).Conclusion The expression of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs may play a role in the onset of severity of mycoplasma pneumonia and the low express of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+Tregs in children infected with M.pneumonia may increase the susceptibility to severe mycoplasma pneumonia.

AIM: To investigate the effect of antisense oligonucleotides(ASON) of c-sis on cellular cycle and proliferation of pulmonary artery vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMC).METHODS: Tissue mass culture was done to get VSMC of pulmonary artery. Different concentrations of antisense oligonucleotides of c-sis were added into the cultures to observe the VSMC proliferation curve using MTT test. The changes of VSMC cellular cycle were also observed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: ASON with mid-to high concentrations restrained the proliferation of VSMC apparently with the peak of cell growth being attenuated or eliminated. Affected by mid-concentration ASON, PDGF-BB showed significant accelerating effect on the proliferation of VSMC. The ratio of G 0/G 1 in cellular cycle was increased significantly in VSMC culture with ASON in comparison with control. The G 0/G 1 ratio also showed significant differences among different concentration of ASON groups( P

The establishment of an animal model of liver regeneration in a state of neuro-endocrine-immune network dysfunction is an urgent need to promote the research on the regulatory mechanism of liver regeneration. The monosodium glutamate (MSG)-rat-liver regeneration model is a composite model of liver regeneration which combines the MSG-rat model with the model of partial hepatectomy (PHx) or hepatotoxicity (for example, CCl4), and it is mainly used to investigate liver regeneration and its regulatory mechanism in the state of neuro-endocrine-immune network dysfunction, mechanisms and drug screening of liver-brain syndrome, and mechanisms of disease-syndrome combination and drug efficacy. Dysregulated liver regeneration process is observed in the MSG-rat-liver regeneration model established by the MSG-rat model and PHx, which is significantly different from the liver regeneration process in normal rats after major hepatectomy. The MSG-rat-liver regeneration model established by the MSG-rat model and hepatotoxicity has a significantly higher degree of liver fibrosis than normal rats with CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. The hypothalamic-pituitary-hepatic axis is an important mechanism of the influence of the external environment on liver regeneration, and the imbalance of epithelial-mesenchymal transition/mesenchymal-epithelial transition is an important mechanism of the influence of intrahepatic microenvironment on abnormal liver regeneration (liver fibrosis). The research on MSG-rat-liver regeneration model preliminarily reveals the efficacy and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of liver and related diseases (including liver-brain syndrome) by influencing the neuro-endocrine-immune-liver regeneration regulatory network and promotes the research on the combination of diseases and syndromes. The establishment and application of the MSG-rat-liver regeneration model has important scientific significance and application value in further exploration of the complex mechanism of liver regeneration and the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating liver regeneration.

BACKGROUND: Incidence rate of cervical osteoarthritis in the middleaged and elderly is high. Some researches on risk factor causing cervical osteoarthritis have been performed abroad, but most of the factors are being discussed.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the occurring cervical osteoarthritis risk factors in the middle-aged and elderly from different regions of China and provide evidences for prevention and intervention of cervical osteoarthritis in community.DESIGN: Cross-sectional study.SETTING: Beijing Hospital, Ministry of Health, together with Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiantong University, Institute of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine of Hebei Medical University, Shanghai Huadong Hospital, Nanfang Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, West China Hospital of Sichuan University.PARTICIPANTS: The investigation was conducted from July to August2005. On the basis of stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method, 6 218formal registered permanent residents of over 40 years old from Xi'an,Shijiazhuang, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Harbin and Chengdu were enrolled.They all agreed to join the investigation voluntarily. There were 2 916males of 40-94 years and 3 302 females of 40-86 years.METHODS: Questionnaire investigation of epidemiology of cervical osteoarthritis was performed in the testees, and radiograph was used in the persons with clinical symptom. The basic sample unit was neighborhood committee (city) and village committee (countryside). Sampling method:Taking each city as a whole, composed of two levels, namely city and countryside, in the first phase the persons were extracted from district (county),in the second phase from sub-district (countryside), in the third phase from neighborhood committee (village eommittee). Diagnosis standard of cervical osteoarthritis was positive clinical symptom and 2 grade or above of radiograph Kellgren & Lawrence grading. The content of questionnaire contained 6 aspects: general condition, history of present illness, history of past illness, physical check-up, radiographs and disease diagnosis, totally94 questions and 141 variation indexes. Influential factors of prevalence rate of cervical osteoarthritis were analyzed using multifactor non-conditional Logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio (OR) was used for expressing index of strength of relationship between disease and exposures. If OR ＞ 1,it was indicated that there was positive correlation between disease occurrence and exposures. If OR ＜ 1, it was suggested that there was negative correlation between disease occurrence and exposures.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Prevalence rate of cervical osteoarthritis in each city and OR.RESULTS: Totally 6 218 investigational subjects were included in the result analysis, without drop out. ①Total prevalence rate of cervical osteoarthritis in population of 40 years or above from 6 domestic cities was23.6%. There was significnat difference of prevalence rate in each city (P＜0.01). ②Result of Logistic regression analysis: Age (OR=1.010-1.058),defecation with squat ting pot (OR =1.024-1.997) and history of hypertension (OR =1.815-3.078) were common risk factor in most areas. In northern area the common risk factor compos ed of daily stair climbing or grade climbing (OR =1.018-1.020), while drinking colored wine (OR=3.451, Xi'an), history of osteoarthri tis of father (OR =2.491, Xi'an), history of diabetes (OR =5.013, Shijiazhuang), history of osteoarthritis of mother (OR =2.045, Shanghai), smoking (OR =6.857, Guangzhou), age of starting drinking (OR =3.044, Guangzhou) and full-time athletic sports (OR=9.020, Harbin), etc. emerged in different areas.CONCLUSION: The onset of cervical osteoarthritis has the same risk factor in 6 domestic areas, and main risk factor in different areas has certain differences, which can provide reference data for the prevention and cure of cervical osteoarthritis for the future and reduce waster of medical resources.

Objective To investigate the effects of total anthraquinone in rheum on aquaporin 2 and aquaporin 4 expression in rat kidney and explore its diuresis mechanism.Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into control group,low dose group,medium dose group and high dose group.Total anthraquinone in rheum was administered to rats at different doses.Urinary volume of 24 h,Na+ concentration and osmolality were detected.Rats were sacrificed 5 days later.Blood samples were taken from the abdominal aorta to detect blood biochemical indicators. Kidneys of rats were removed to detect AQP2, AQP4 expression through immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group,there were significantly increased 24 h urine output of rats in medium and high dose group[(16.21±1.96),(18.16±1.8) ml vs(13.85±1.25)ml,P＜0.05].24 h urine output in low-dose group did not change significantly.AQP2 protein and mRNA expression were significantly decreased in rats'kidneys of medium and high dose group (P＜0.01),The AQP4 protein and mRNA expression was significantly down-regulated in high dose group (P＜0.01).In medium does group,the AQP4 protein expression was down-regulated (P＜0.01),without significant decrease in the mRNA expression.Protein and mRNA expression of AQP2 and AQP4 did not significantly change in low dose group.Conclusion Total anthraquinone in rheum can reduce the expression level of AQP2 and AQP4 in rat kidney,which is probably one mechanism of diuresis caused by rheum.