BACKGROUND: Recently,Illizarov external frame is commonly used to treat adult talipes equinovarus.However,its application is limited in infant and child due to amount of components,large volume and heavy weight. OBJECTIVE: A new three-dimensional external mini-frame was designed to observe its therapentical effects for congenital talipes equinovarus in infants. DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING: Retraspectively analysis of the therapentical effects of the three-dimensional external mini-frame for congenital talipes equinovarus in infants at the Department of Pediatric Orthopedics,Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University between January 2004 and June 2007. PARTICIPANTS: 106 infants (130 feet) with congenital talipes equinovarus,76 males and 30 females aged 1.6 years (range 0.5-3 years),including 80 left feet and 50 right feet,24 cases bilateral feet and 82 cases unilateral feet. Eighty-one cases underwent orthosis or cost treatment but were not cured; 10 cases underwent surgery in other hospitals but all failed,the other cases were not given any treatment. The new three-dimensional external mini-frame was designed by the authors and produced by Hebei Hengshui Kangda. METHODS: According to the age,degree of deformity,being operated or not and pathological changeS of the foot,different treatment methods were applied: Corrcetion and fixation of the foot directly with the new external mini-frame; Limited soft tissue release,followed by corrcetion and fixation of the foot with the mini-frame; Corrcetion and fixation of the foot with the mini-frame after more soft tissue realse on interior posterior foot; Corrcetion and fixation of the foot with the mini-frame after soft tissue release,tendon transfer and restore of muscle force balance. The postoperative external fixation lasted for about 3 mouths. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Evaluatoin of therapentical effects according to Garceau standards. RESULTS: All cases were followed up for 2.5 years (range 0.5-3.5 years). Eighty-six cases (94 feet) were excellent: the foot looked near normal,the calcar pedis was erect,with plantigrade foot in walking,the range of the joint motion in foot was near normal. Seventeen cases (32 feet) were good: the foot deformity improved obviously,but a light adduction was remained in the forefoot,with plantigrade foot in walking,the range of joint motion in foot was good. Three cases (4 feet) were effective: the forefoot adduct lightly,with lightly calcaneus varus,the motion of foot was limitted partly. CONCLUSION: The new 3D external mini-frame shows favorable effects for congenital talipes equinovarus in infants.

[Objective ] To investigate the improvement of the surgical treatment effect on cerebral palsy with spastic diplegia by performing modified surgeries since 2004. [Method ] Twenty-three cases of severe cerebral palsy with spastic diplegia were operated, 14 male, 9 female; age 3 ～ 12 years; the average age of 5.7 years; their main symptoms were unable to stand and walk independently, with severe hypermyotonia of both lower extremities, and a scissoring type of gait when standing, hip and knee flexing contracture, ankle and foot equinovarus. Physical examination: there was hypermyotonia of the iliopsoas, adductor musculus, hamstrings, triceps surae, anterior and posterior tibial muscle, flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum longus. The muscle tone was 3 ～4 grade according to Ashworth criterion. Treatment: The intramuscular tenotomy, fascial division or sliding elongation were performed, to lengthen the tendon of the joint flexion contracture, the lateral half of anterior tibial muscle tendon was transferred laterally to balance the muscle force at the foot. Finally, both lower extremities were fixed by a new designed external frame, to straigthen the articular genu, keep both ankles and feet in neutral position, both lower extremities abducting 30°, and to correct all joint deformities. Family rehabilitation programs started after the external frame was removed 6 weeks later. [Result] All cases were followed up in 1 ～3 years with the average 2. 2 years. The results were evaluated as excellent, good and ineffective, according to correction of the joint deformities, the ability to stand and walk, and parent's satisfaction to the treatment. Of them 21 cases were excellent, 2 cases good, and no ineffective case. [ Conclusion ] For the severe cerebral palsy with spastic diplegia in children, reasonable release of the tight tendons of the multi-joint flexion contracture, balance of muscle force at the foot, correction of all deformities and fixation of the lower extremities with the new external frame, and long term of family rehabilitation after the surgery, are more effective treatment.

Objective To study the clinical features of aged patients with sudden cardiac death(SCD) for improving the resuscitation rate. Methods Hie usual etiology of SCD,electrocardiogram(ECG),echocardiography, dynamic electrocardiography(DCG), X-ray and electrolytes were analyzed. Results Most sudden death had inducement. Electrolytes disorder,ventricular ectopic beats,high grade atrioventricular block, auxocardia, left ventricular hypertrophy, cardiac insufficiency and myocardial ischemia could cause serious arrhythmias (.all P <0.05). Conclusion It could be related to heart functional class,left ventricular enlargement,myocardial ischemia,hypokalemia in aged patients with SCD.

[ Objective ] To investigate the relationship between tongue manifestations and immune function in chronic hepatitis B with HBsAg, HBeAg and HBcAb positive. [Methods] Among the cases of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBcAb positive from the out - patient department and health screening survey, 200 chronic hepatitis patients and 100 asymptomatic HBV carriers with glumatic - pyruvic transaminase at normal level were included. Thirty healthy volunteers served as control. Relationship of tongue manifestations with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin test and the serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgA and IgM was analyzed. [Results] With the development of chronic hepatitis, the immune function became disordered and tongue manifestations abnormal. Reddish tongue with or without yellowish greasy fur or yellowish fur showed the hyperactivity of immune function; whitish swollen tongue with or without whitish greasy fur indicated the hypoactivity of immune function; dull purplish tongue was the sign of disordered immune function. The shape and color of tongue was superior to tongue fur in showing the condition of immune function ( P

To observe the germistatic and germicidal effects of origanum volatile oil (OVI) on the dysentery bacteria, the abdominal cavity of mice was infected with Shigella sonne (Sh. sonnei) and Shigella flexneri (Sh. flexneri) F2a. After OVI was given to the mice via gastric lavage, the effects of OVI on the infected mice were observed. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) for dysentery bacteria were determined in vitro. The results showed that origanum volatile oil showed obvious protective effect on mice infected with Sh. sonnei and Sh. flexneri F2a and it had germistatic and germicidal effects on dysentry bacteria. We are led to conclude that origanum volatile oil is an effective medicine against the infection of dysentery bacteria.
Anti-Bacterial Agents/*pharmacology ; Dysentery, Bacillary/*microbiology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Oils, Volatile/*pharmacology ; Shigella flexneri/*drug effects ; Shigella flexneri/isolation & purification ; Shigella sonnei/*drug effects ; Shigella sonnei/isolation & purification

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Levofloxacin and triamcinolone acetonide double-loaded ophthalmic gel. METHODS:Us-ing levofloxacin hydrochloride and triamcinolone acetonide as main components,carbopol-940P as base material,HPMC K4M as tackifier,Levofloxacin and triamcinolone acetonide double-loaded ophthalmic gel was prepared. Using dissolution time as index, the contents of carbopol-940P and HPMC K4M were determined by single factor test,and dissolution time,viscosity and the con-tents of 2 main components were also determined. RESULTS:The concentrations of carbopol-940P and HPMC K4M were 0.4%and 1.2%,separately. The dissolution time was more than 24 h and viscosity was 1 142.67 Pa·s. The content of levofloxacin hydro-chloride was 97.3% of labelled amount (RSD=0.84%,n=3),and that of triamcinolone acetonide was 92.97% of labelled amount(RSD=1.32%,n=3). CONCLUSIONS:Levofloxacin and triamcinolone acetonide double-loaded ophthalmic gel has been prepared successfully.

Objective To optimize spray drying process of Anshen bumian granules. Methods By using orthogonal design method, moisture content, powder rate and berberine hydrochloride content were indexes, and optimum technological conditions were determined. Results Proportion of microcrystalline cellulose, lactose and maltodextrin was 2??1??2. The extract was fed in at 6%. Optimum feeding in/out temperature for spray drying is 145 ℃ /85 ℃, liquid velocity was 30 mL??min-1 , and relative density of extract was 1. 15. Conclusion The process is reasonable and practical, has strong stability and good controllability, and it provides a basis for industrialized production.

BACKGROUND:The umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells possess multipotent differentiation capacity, but less research focus on its differentiation into fibroblasts.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the capacity of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells differentiating into fibroblasts.
METHODS:Using adherent method, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were isolated, and flow cytometric analysis of the surface antigen was performed. Passage 3 cells were selected for osteogenic and
adipogenic differentiation, and cells differentiated into fibroblasts under the induction of basic fibroblast growth factor. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Adherent stem cells were stably isolated from the umbilical cord. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells lowly expressed CD31, CD45, CD40, HLA-DR, but strongly expressed CD29, CD90, CD44, CD105. Oil red O staining showed red droplets were ful of the cytoplasm after adipogenic induction;alizarin red staining showed red calcium nodules after osteogenic induction. After induced by basic fibroblast growth factor, the type I col agen expression was significantly higher than that in the control group. These findings indicate that the adherent human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are reliably isolated with high purity;basic fibroblast growth factor can induce differentiation of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells into fibroblasts.

Objective: To study the antitumor activity and immune modulation of extract from Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick. (CE). Methods:Cyclophosphamide is positive control and saline is negative control. S180-bearing and HCA-bearing mice were used as animal model. The changes of the growth of S180 and HCA tumor cells in vitro, the changes of tumor weight in vivo and the effect on immune system such as phagocytosis of macrophages,proliferation of lymphocytes were investigated when CE were used. Results: The tumor cells were killed by CE in vitro. CE inhibited tumor growth markedly in S180 and HCA bearing mice and the effect was enhaced if CE and cyclophosphamide were used simultaneously. CE also enhanced the immune function. Conclusion: CE has the antitumor effect and the effect of immune modulation.