ObjectiveTo find the cause of bile duct injury during open cholecystectomy and evaluate its management. MethodsClinical materials of 29 cases suffering from bile duct injury during conventional cholecystectomy were retrospectively analyzed. Results All patients underwent choledochocholedochostomy or Roux en Y operation. The result was satisfactory in 26 patients, recurrent bile duct stricture developed in 3 patients necessitating a further operation.ConclusionA better expertise is mandatory in the prevention of bile duct injury. The injury should be suspected and identified timely. Different surgical procedures may be suitable in individual patients according to the degree and the site of injury.

BACKGROUND:In the past 20 years, cholecystokinin in clinical application and nerve repair has been extensively studied. OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of cholecystokinin in nerve repair and its possible mechanism of action. METHODS:Relevant research results were retrospectively analyzed at the celland organ levels through retrieving recent literatures concerning the biological characteristics of cholecystokinin and its biological role in the nervous system. Then, we summarized the effect of cholecystokinin after nerve injury and its possible RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Cholecystokinin and its receptors are widely distributed in the body, and under physiological and pathological conditions, their roles were complex and diverse. However, studies addressing the neuroprotective effect of cholecystokinin are not sufficient, most of which are limited to phenomenon observation. Neuroprotective mechanism of cholecystokinin is stil worthy of further studies, which can provide the basis for the clinical application.

Objective To study the effects of sand therapy on the ultrastructure of knee articular cartilage in rabbits with osteoarthritis ( OA ) and provide evidence of the effectiveness of sand therapy for OA in Uyghur medicine. Methods Models of knee OA were established by fixing with gypsum the right hind limbs of 28 rabbits. Of these, twenty-six rabbits were divided randomly into a free movement group and a free movement plus sand therapy group, and their left hind limbs were used as normal controls. Another two rabbits were used as specimens. The thirteen rabbits in the free movement group after the gypsum fixings were removed were allowed free movement every day for 20 days; the thirteen rabbits in the free movement plus sand therapy group had free movement plus sand therapy every day. The ultrastructure of each rabbit' s knee articular cartilage was observed using an electron microscope. Results Models of knee OA were established successfully. The changes in the ultrastructure of the knee articular cartilage revealed cell swelling, cell debris in part of the cartilage lacunae, and cartilage cells proliferating. The matrix of cartilage cells was thin, hetero chromatin concentrated on the margin and presented in a crescent form. Cell organellae decreased obviously, which was a sign of apoptosis. After the gypsum fixings were removed, the proliferation of cartilage cells gradually increased and rough endoplasmic reticula increased remarkably in the articular cartilages of the right hind knees of the free movement group. Cell pycnosis, disintegration and necrosis could be found in a few cells. The movement of the affected knees of the group treated with sand therapy plus free movement improved more significantly , and the changes in cartilage ultrastructure revealed more cell active proliferation, more rough endoplasmic reticu-lum, more cell surface processes and more matrix fibers. The morphology of cartilage cells in the control knees remained normal. Conclusion It is confirmed that Uyghur sand therapy combined with movement can improve the ultrastructure of knee articular cartilage in a rabbit model of OA.

0.05).Univariate analysis showed SOFA,APACHEII,CTSI,age and pancreatic infection were related to prognosis of SAP.Multivariate analysis revealed that only SOFA,APACHEII,CTSI were independent prognosis-related factors of SAP.Conclusions SOFA,APACHEII,CTSI all have good predictive ability for prognosis of SAP during dynamic in-hospital observation,and combination of the three factors has greater ability for prognosis of outcome of SAP.

0.05),and that in valsartan group was higher than that in WKY group(P

Objective To compare enteral nutrition (EN) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) in the treatment of severe acute pancreatitis(SAP) elucidate the advantage of EN. Methods Fifty-nine patients were assigned to TPN and EN groups. The nutritional index was detected, and the therapeutic efficacy was reviewed comparetively. Results After giving the nutritional support, the serum contents of albumin, pre-albumin, transferrin and beamoglobin were increased obviously (P < 0.05);and prealbumin, transferrin had statistical difference between the TPN and EN groups(P <0.05). APACHE Ⅱ score was lowered significant-ly in the EN group, comparing with the TPN group (P <0.05). In the EN group, complications, infection rate, food intake time, and hospitalization costs were significantly lower compared with the TPN group(P< 0.05), although mortality rate, hospital stay days had no statistical significance (P > 0.05). Conclusion EN is on ideal modality of nutrition support in SAP patients, which has many advantages in improving nu-tritional status, preserving gut mucosa barrier, decreasing bacterium and toxin shifting, regulating inflamma-tory and infective response, decreasing costs in the hospital.

The expression of Survivin, CDK4 and Ki-67 and the clinical significance in pediatric acute leukemia (AL) were investigated. The expression of Survivin, CDK4 and Ki-67 proteins was detected by using immunohistochemical assay in 37 children with AL and 10 children with normal bone marrow as controls. The positive expression rate of Survivin, CDK4 and Ki-67 was 45.9 %, 56.8 %, and 40.5 % respectively in 37 AL children, which was significantly higher than in control group accordingly (P<0.05). The expression of Survivin was positively correlated with CDK4 (P=0.007) and Ki-67 (P=0.008). In conclusion, all Survivin, CDK4 and Ki-67 proteins are over-expressed in pediatric AL and involved in the modulation of apoptosis and proliferation in pediatric AL.

Objective:Abnormal Savda syndrome transplantation tumor model was established on the basis ofabnormal Savda syndrome model in order to study the relevance between the abnormal Savda syndrome tumor and the disorder ofthe neuroendocrine-immune network by analyzing morphological and ultrastructural changes ofthe hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis(HPAA).Methods:120 ICR mice were divided randomly into four groups(control, tumor model, abnormal Savda syndrome model, and abnormal Savda syndrome tumor transplantation model).The structural changes in hypothalamus, pituitary and adrenal glands were analyzed by bright-field and electron microscopy.Results:First, in abnormal Savda syndrome, the rate oftumor transplantation was increased significantly than in the normal state(93.3% and 56.7%, respectively, P

The non-neuronal cholinergic system, widely exists in prokaryotic, eukarytic, and even plant cells, however, it has not been investigated in preadipocytes and adipocytes. To search for evidence its existence in preadipocytes and adipocytes, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) α7 subunit, acetyicholinesterase (ACHE) and choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) in 3T3-L1 cells were examined using immunohistochemical staining and Western blotting. The choline-regulated visfatin expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was also tested by reverse transcriptase-PCR. Incubation with methyilycaconitine (10-6 to 10-4mol/L) for 12, 24 and 36 hours dose-dependently increased visfatin expression from 1.3- to 1.55-folds (P <0.01) with maximal induction at 24 hours with 10-4mol/L methyllycaconitine. Nicotine treatments (10-6 to 10-4 mol/L) for 12, 24 and 36 hours decreased visfatin expression; choline chloride (10-4 mol/L))suppressed visfatin expression in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes at 36 hours by 1.64 to 2.03 fold (P < 0.05) which was more effective as compared with nicotine. It was concluded that α7 nAChR was expressed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and involved in visfatin expression.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of plasma amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) on short term prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: Plasma NT-proBNP levels were measured in ACS patients within 24 h after admission with ELISA method. The 600 ACS patients were divided into two groups: event group （n=108）and no-event group （n=492）according to occurrence of cardiovascular events（including cardiac death, cardiac shock and heart failure）, The NT-proBNP levels were compared between two groups. Single factor and multiple factor Logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate if NT-proBNP was an independent predictor for short term prognosis. Results: The plasma NT-proBNP levels of event group were significantly higher than those of no-event group [1361.2 (965.3, 2088.6) pmol/L vs.605.7 (274.5, 1177.8) pmol/L, p<0.01]. Multiple factor Logistic regression analyses demonstrated that plasma NT-proBNP was an independent predictor for short term prognosis (OR=1.000, p<0.01) in ACS patients. Conclusion: Plasma NT-proBNP was an independent predictor for short term prognosis in ACS patients.