Since the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by the 2019-nCoV (SARS-CoV-2), with its high pathogenicity and contagiousness, it has posed a serious threat to global public health security. Up to now, the pathogenesis of 2019-nCoV is unclear, and there is no effective treatment. Vaccine as one of the most effective strategies to prevent virus infection has become a hot area. Based on the current understanding of 2019-nCoV, the development of 2019-nCoV vaccines covers all types: inactivated virus vaccine, recombinant protein vaccine, viral vector-based vaccine, mRNA vaccine, and DNA vaccine, etc. In this review, we focus on the candidate targets of the novel coronavirus, and the types, development status and progress of 2019-nCoV vaccines in order to provide information for further research and prevention.

AIM:To study the purified factors of Guanxinning for Injection(Radix et Rhizoma salviae miltiorrhizae,Rhizoma Chuanxiong,etc). METHODS: The total of salvianolic acid B、protocatchuci aldehyde and ferulic acid were used to evaluate for the study of type of macroporous adsorption resin,sample volume,the ratio of diameter to height,pH value and sample consistency etc. RESULTS: pH value Guanxinning extract was adjusted to 3.0,through D101 resin finally reached the ratio of diameter to height 1∶2,4 times of water was applied to elution and then 3 times of 70% ethanol for re-elution and collected. CONCLUSION: These factors are approprite for purifying Guanxinning for Injection.

The alterations in electron transport were studied in the myocardial mitochondria of rats with hemorrhagjc shock. Hemorrhagic shock model was induced by a modified Wigger procedure. Mitochondria were obtained by differential centrifugation. Succinate-, and NADH-respiratory chains were assayed by polarographically and spectrophotometrically in isolated myocardial mitochondria. The results showed that hemorrhagic shock led to progressive decrease in the enzymatic activities of two respiratory chains. The activities of Succinate-Co. Q reductase, Succinate-Cyt. C reductase, NADH-Co. Q reductase, NADH-Cty. C reductase and cytochrome oxidase were remarkably lower in shock 3 h group than those in the shamoperated. This implies that there is not only low-flow hypoxia, but inability to utilizer oxygen in the myocardial mitochondria

Objective To observe the effects of different modes treadmill training on cognitive func-tion and transforming growth factor β1 ( TGF-β1 ) expression in cerebral cortex of rats. Methods Two months old rats were divided into the control group,piecewise training group and intermittent training group ( n=10 in each group) . The training was performed five times a week for 6 weeks. Learning and memory a-bility of all rats was detected by water maze at 6 weeks after the training. TGF-β1 expression and localization in cerebral cortex was tested by QRT-PCR and immunofluorescence, respectively. Results The platform time in piecewise group ((30±28) s) and intermittent group ((25±23)s) was both significantly shorter than that in control group ((58±50)s). In the space exploration,the time around Ⅳ quadrant platform in piecewise group((23.6±3.9)s) and intermittent group ((24.3±8.9)s) was significantly higher than that in the control group((17.7±2.0)s). The expression of TGF-β1 mRNA in cerebral cortex in intermittent group (0.0067±0.0043)was obviously higher than that in piecewise group (0.0035±0.0006) and control group (0.0041±0.001). TGF-β1 was located in cell membrane and cytoplasm,and the relative optical density of intermittent group (0.0045±0.0017) was significantly higher than that of control group (0.0019±0.0004) and staging group (0.00175±0.00045). Conclusion (1)Learning and memory function both were im-proved after treadmill six weeks with piecewise and intermittent training models. ( 2) The level of TGF-β1 gene and protein was significantly increased after interval training in cortex of rats.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of monkeypox patients.Methods:The clinical data and laboratory findings of 4 patients with monkeypox patients diagnosed at Yiwu Central Hospital in July 2023 were analyzed. Herpes fluid and skin tissue samples were collected, the viruses were isolation and cultured in African green monkey kidney cells (Vero) and identified with whole gene sequencing.Results:All four patients were male, aged 24-35 years. All patients had male-to-male behavior within 21 days before onset of the disease. Among them, one patient has AIDS and one patient has syphilis. Four patients presented with perineal skin lesions with itching, and 3 patients were found to have enlarged lymph nodes upon admission. Laboratory testing: lymphocyte abnormality (4.57×10 9/L) in 1 case; increased procalcitonin (0.25 ng/mL) in 1 case; elevated IL-10 levels ( 7.11 ng/L and 9.42 ng/L) in 2 cases; increased IL-6 (66 ng/L) and IL-4 (3.24 ng/L) in 1 case, respectively. One case had abnormal myocardial zymogram with a elevated lactate dehydrogenase level of 313 U/L. The monkeypox virus was isolated from lesion tissue and herpes fluid, and the whole gene sequencing identified it as the B. 1.3 subtype of the IIb evolutionary branch, exhibiting typical pathological effects on Vero cells. Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of the 4 monkeypox patients confirmed in Zhejiang province are mild, patients had a definitive history of male-to-male sexual behavior and the virus strains belong to the B. 1.3 lineage of the IIb evolutionary branch.