Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is an important nuclear transcription factor involved in a wide range of inflammatory mediators,adhesion molecules,chemokines and inflammatory-related enzymes in gene regulation,causing immune damage.Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1),an adhesion molecule,belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and can mediate adhesion of inflammatory cells and endothelial cells caused by inflammatory injury.VCAM-1 gene promoter region contains a series of many of the features of NF-κB site.NF-κB activation can increase the expression of VCAM-1 that causes the immune and inflammatory injury.Present study has found that immune inflammation is the basis of a variety of renal diseases.NF-κB,VCAM-1 in kidney disease and its research progress may be discussed in this article.

Objective To introduce the surgical technique for lower facial recontouring. Methods Lower face is composed of mandible, muscle and subcutaneous fat. Mandibular angle reduction and augmentation mentoplasty were performed to recontour the skeleton of the lower face and liposuction to reshape the soft tissue. The three above-mentioned procedures were used alone or combined to recontour the lower face depending on the anatomy of the patients. Results The procedures were undertaken in 731 cases for lower facial recontouring. All procedures were performed with local anesthesia. The mandibular angle reduction was taken through the intra and extraoral combined incision with micro saw. Silicone implant was used in augmentation mentoplasty with intraoral incision. Tumescent technique was adoped in facial liposuction. The results were satisfactory with no serious complications. Conclusion Mandibular angle reduction, augmentation mentoplasty and facial liposuction used alone or combined are simple, effective and safe in lower facial recontouring.

Objective To establish animal model of guinea pig anaphylactic shock ,explore the expression of IL‐4 and IL‐10 in guinea pig serum ,provide scientific and objective evidence for medicolegal and clinical diagnosis of anaphylactic shock as well .Meth‐ods After 40 guinea pigs were classified into the experimental and the control groups ,in which the experimental group was 30 and the control group was 10 ,Elisa method was used to detect IL‐4 and IL‐10 by extracting serum of guinea pigs in the experiment group and the control group .Results The IL‐4 levels of serum in experimental group was higher than that in control group (P<0 .01);the IL‐10 levels of serum in experimental group was higher than that in control group (P<0 .01) .Conclusion The level of serum IL‐4 and IL‐10 in the experiment group are obviously higher than that of the control group .This provides an evidence for an‐aphylactic shock forensic identification and clinical diagnosis .

Objective: To study the inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effect of vitamin E succinate (VES) on androgen-independent prostate cancer cell line PC-3 in vitro. Methods: VES was dissolved with ethanol to obtain VES solution. PC-3 cells of logarithmic growth phase were treated with various concentrations of VES solution (25, 50, 75, 100, and 125mg/L); cells in control group were treated with 1.25% ethanol. MTT method was used to measure the viability and inhibitory rate of cells in each group 24h, 48h and 72h after VES treatment; flow cytometry was employed to determine the apoptosis rate of the PC-3 cells. Results: The viability of cells in the experimental groups was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The viability of cells in the experimental groups was negatively correlated with the concentration and exposure period of VES solution; the viability of cells in the control group was positively correlated with the exposure period of VES solution. The apoptosis rate of cells in the experimental groups was much higher than that in the control group; the rate in the experimental group was positively correlated with the concentration and exposure period of VES solution. The optimal induction of apoptosis was achieved af ter 48 h exposure to 75 mg/L VES solution, with a apoptosis rate above 80%. Conclusion: VES can inhibit the proliferation of PC-3 cells and can induce apoptosis of them, which casts new lights on prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.

Objective To investigate changes of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor 2B(NR2B) level and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(CaMK Ⅱ) activities in the hippocampus of vascular dementia(VD) rats and the intervention effects of Memantine.Methods The VD rat models were established by permanent,bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries.The rats were randomly divided into VD group and Memantine-treated group.At 4,8,12,16 weeks after operation,the water maze test was performed to detect the ability of learning and memory of the rats.The changes of NR2B level were measured by RT-PCR.The changes of the CaMK Ⅱ activities were determined by incorporation of 32P into histone.The resoults were compared with the sham-operated group.Results Compared with the sham-operated group,the ability of learning and memory of VD group rats at each time point after operation decreased significantly(all P

BACKGROUND: Panax notoginseng is an effective medicine for curing gastric mucosal ulcer. There are many clinical reports that Panax notoginseng protects gastric mucosa.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the protective mechanism of Panax notoginseng on the gastric mucosal injury induced by water immersion restraint stress in rats.DESIGN: A randomized controlled animal trial.SETTING: School of Basic Medical Sciences, Daqing Branch of Harbin Medical University.MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the laboratory of Department of Pathophysiology of Harbin Medical University from September 2004 to October 2005. Forty-eight Wistar rats were used, either male or female, weighing 180-230 g.METHODS: The 48 Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups with 8 rats in each group: normal control group, stress model group, cimetidine treatment group, Panax notoginseng of low, middle and high-dose groups (4, 8, 12 mg/time). In the cimetidine treatment group, cimetidine tablets were grinded into powders, then mixed with distilled water to prepare into suspension (1 tablet:10 mL), which was perfused intragastrically (5 mL), 3 times a day; In the Panax notoginseng groups, the powders in Panax notoginseng capsules were mixed with distilled water to prepare into suspension of corresponding concentrations (0.8, 1.6, 2.4 g/L), then administrated the same as those in the cimetidine treatment group. Stress models in rats were established by means of water immersion restraint stress. The gross and pathohistological changes of gastric mucosa were observed, and the activity of superoxide oxidase (SOD) and contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) were determined.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Gross and pathohistological changes of gastric mucosa;②Changes of MDA and NO contents and SOD activity in the homogenate of gastric mucosa.RESULTS: All the 48 rats were involved in the analysis of results. The gastric mucosal hemorrhage and erosion in the cimetidine treatment group were reduced obviously as compared with those in the stress model group, SOD activity was obviously decreased [(12.61±0.87), (1.03±0.60) mkat/g], whereas the NO content was a little higher [(5.76±1.35), (0.97±0.58) nmol/g]. The MDA content was obviously higher in the stress model group than in the normal control group [(3.10±1.13), (0.09±0.02) μmol/g, P＜0.01]. There were no obvious differences between the Panax notoginseng groups and the cimetidine treatment group except that the NO contents were decreased in the in Panax notoginseng groups.CONCLUSION: Gastric mucosal injury induced by water immersion restraint stress can be significantly protected by Panax notoginseng, which is not dose-dependent. The protective mechanism may be associated with that Panax notoginseng can eliminate the product of oxygen-derived free radicals, and it is not totally the same as that of cimetidine

Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; physiopathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Female ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate effects of multimodal analgesia on cytokines and cortisol levels in patients received surgical treatment for radical colon cancer.Methods Eighty-six patients with radical colon cancer treated with surgery were randomly divided into control group and observation group.The control group only received routine epidural anesthesia and the observation group received multimodal analgesia.Preoperative and postoperative VAS scores,cytokines and cortisol levels were measured.Results Compared with those of the control group,the following 5 indicators decreased significantly in the observation group including VAS scores of after 24 h,48 h,72 h,IL-8 and TNF-α after 24 h,IL-6,IL-8 and TNF-α after 48 h,Cor after 24h,and Cor and ACTH after 48 h (P＜0.05).Conclusion Perioperative multi-mode analgesia helps relieve pain,stress and inflammatory cytokines among patients after the surgery for radical colon cancer.

Gentianella acuta is a commonly used Mongolian medicine and its mainly active constituents are xanthone, terpenoids, and phenylpropanoids. It has the effects of clearing heat and draining dampness, anti-tumor, liver protection, anti-depression, and anti-inflammation. This review summarizes the chemical components and pharmacology of G. acuta from the literatures in recent 30 years in order to provide basis for the development of this plant.