Adolescent ; Adult ; Cytarabine ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacology ; Drug Interactions ; Female ; Humans ; Instillation, Drug ; Leukemia ; blood ; drug therapy ; Male ; Methotrexate ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate clinical features,predisposing factors,therapeutic regimen and prognosis of non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis.Methods Clinical picture,therapeutic regimen and prognosis were investigated in 39 cases with non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis by retrospective analysis.Results Non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis mostly presented fever,asthenia,myalgia and/or muscular tenderness,swelling of involved muscles,red urine and oliguria or anuria.The complications and comorbidity of rhabdomyolysis included acute renal failure(ARF),disorders of metabolites and electrolytes,compartmental syndrome,infection,and multiple organ dysfunction.Infection(33.3%)was the most common etiology of non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis,followed by drugs(25.6%),metabolite or electrolyte derangements(10.3%)and alcohol intoxication(7.7%)etc.Therapeutic regimen covered treatment of the underlying diseases,volume repletion,alkalization and dealing with the complications.For the patients with established renal failure,renal replacement therapy was essential.Overall mortality was 15.4%,while the mortality in the patients with ARF was 20.7%.If surviving ARF,the patients' renal function promised to be normalized consequently.Conclusion Non-traumatic rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome with a variety of causes,different clinical presentations and versatile combination of complications,which confounds the diagnosis.However,if treated properly and in time,the survivors in all probability will recover from ARF.

Objective To explore the feasibility of using the consensus of European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People(EWGSOP) to diagnose sarcopenia among community-dwelling women aged from seventy to seventy-nine in Shanghai.Methods Twenty-two healthy community-dwelling women were recruited as the subject group(group S),and another ten young girls were randomly selected as the control group(group C).The anthropometry,bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA)and dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry(DEXA)were used to evaluate the circumferences of upper and lower limbs,and the dimension of muscle mass,according to relative appendicular skeletal mass(RASM)and skeletal muscle index(SMI).The grip dynamometer and isokinetic dynamometer were used to measure the muscle strength of upper and lower limbs.The ten meters gait speed,functional reach test,timed up and go test,Berg balance scale and short physical performance battery were all applied to assess the physical performance.The criteria of EWGSOP consensus were applied to diagnose the situation of sarcopenia.Results Firstly,the average biceps circumference and fat mass of upper limbs in group S were significantly higher than group C (P＜0.01),while no significant differences were observed in the muscle mass(P＞0.05).Secondly,RASM values gained from BIA and DEXA in S group were significantly higher than C group(P＜0.05),while the SMI values of the former were significantly lower than the latter(P＜ 0.01).Thirdly,absolute grip strength,relative grip strength and other bio-mechanical indexes of lower limbs in the s group were significantly lower than the C group(P＜0.01);the relative grip strength showed significant correlation with most bio-mechanical indexes of lower limbs.Fourthly,the physical performance in group S declined significantly compared with that of the c group(P＜O.05),and no significant correlation was found between muscle strength and physical performance of upper limbs except the absolute grip strength and gait speed.The prevalence was 0％ according to the RASM index,while the prevalence was 63.6％ and 45.4％ according to the BIA and DEXA respectively.Conclusion The assessing pattern from EWGSOP consensus could not be simply copied to applying on Chinese old people due to serious difference between RASM and SMI.The combination of SMI+relative grip strength+ TUG/SPPB/Berg may be better than the classical mode of RASM+absolute grip strength+gait speed in diagnosing sarcopenia.

The information entropy, H = - Pk log Pk, has been proved in this paper to be always positive and invariant for a linear coordinate transformation, so that it can be used as a measuring index. On the contrary, the integral term of the information entropy, H(x) = -f(x) log f(x) dx, is not always positive and invariant for a linear coordinate transformation. Therefore, H(x) can not be used as a measuring index. An example of a probability density function for response of nerve to electric current with different intensities is given to confirm above conclusions.

Objective To study the spectrum-effect relationship between GC-MS fingerprint of the volatile oil of Atractylodis Rhizoma and the dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma, and clarify the main dryness components of Atractylodis Rhizoma. Methods The volatile oil of different batches of Atractylodis Rhizoma (S1-S9) were analyzed by GC-MS. Using the daily drinking amount of water, the viscosity of whole blood, and the content of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in the kidney of rats as the indexes of dryness effect of Atractylodes Rhizome, the spectrum-effect relationship was analyzed by the combination of grey relational grade and orthogonal partial least square method. Results The dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma was the combined action of multiple components, and the peaks of the major contribution to dryness effect were 31, 28, and 33, respectively. The corresponding components of the three peaks were β-eudesmol, (-)-aristolene, and bulnesol, which were identified by the spectral library retrieval analysis. Conclusion The main dryness effect components of Atractylodis Rhizoma are β-eudesmol, (-)-aristolene, and bulnesol, which provide a reference for investigating the material basis of dryness effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma.

Objective: To investigate the antihypertensive time-effect and dose-effect features of Sancao jiangya decoction(SCD).Methods: The blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats at different time points were measured after treatment with Sancao jiangya decoction of low,middle,high concentration by tailartery blood pressure measurement for conscious rats.Results: The blood pressure was decreased at 2 hours after drug taken,there were significant dose-effect relationship between the antihypertensive effect and the low,middle,high dose.At 4h after drug taken,the high,middle dose had dose-effect correlation,but the low-dose had no antihypertensive effect.Further research on the middledose shows that the blood pressure reduced at 1h after drug taken,and the stable antihypertensive effect was keeping during 1-4h,the blood pressure began to rise at 6h,and got back to the level before drug taken at 8h.Conclusion: To choose the Middle-dose(10.4g crude drug/kg body weight) and 2h after drug taken is appropriate for SCD's use.This result laid a substantial foundation for further research on effects evaluation and mechanism of antihypertensive medicine.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the therapeutic effects of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) with degenerative scoliosis.

METHODSFrom March 2009 to March 2014,121 patients undergoing PKP for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) with degenerative scoliosis were retrospective analyzed. There were 41 males and 80 females,ranging in age from 56 to 92 years with an average of 73.2 years. Preoperative and postoperative 3 d respectively pain visual analogue scale (visual analogue score, VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index assessed pain and functional recovery of patients and preoperative and postoperative 3 d lumbar lordosis, scoliosis Cobb angle were analyzed.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 6 to 24 months, with a mean time of 11 months. All the patients achieved success in operation without serious complications. The operation time ranged from 30 to 65 min with an average of 42.2 min. Local leakage of bone cement was not found in canal. The VAS and Oswestry Disability Index at the 3rd day after operation decreased significantly compared with those of the preoperative (P < 0.05), and the lumbar lordosis and scoliosis Cobb angle also improved significantly compared with those of the preoperative (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for the treatment of thoracolumbar scoliosis osteoporotic fracture can significantly improve patients spinal deformity, pain relief, which is worth of recommending.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Fractures, Compression ; surgery ; Humans ; Kyphoplasty ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporotic Fractures ; surgery ; Scoliosis ; surgery ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Visual Analog Scale

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasolacrimal Duct ; pathology ; Young Adult

To investigate the relationships among plasma secreted frizzled-related protein ( sfrp) 5 level and body fat parameters, glucolipid metabolism, insulin resistance index, and inflammation. 89 subjects with normal glucose tolerance(NGT) and 87 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were enrolled and each group was divided into no-obese and obese subgroups. Obesity was defined as body mass index ( BMI)≥25 kg/m2 according to the World Health Organization -Western Pacific Region diagnostic criteria ( 2000 ) . Body fat parameters were measured and BMI, waist-hip ratio were evaluated, meanwhile, the levels of blood glucose-lipid parameters and fasting insulin were also determined. Insulin resistance index ( IR) was assessed by homeostasis model assessment ( HOMA) . The concentrations of plasma sfrp5 and interleukin 6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Plasma sfrp5 level in T2DM group was significantly lower than that in NGT group [(8. 35±3. 38 vs 11. 35±3. 69)ng/ml, P<0. 01]. The levels of plasma sfrp5 in subjects with obesity were also lower than those in subjects with no-obesity in both NGT and T2DM groups [(9. 46±2. 70 vs 13. 12±3. 62)ng/ml and(6. 70±2. 34 vs 10. 12±3. 45) ng/ml, both P<0. 01]. Plasma concentrations of sfrp5 in T2DM-obese group were significantly lower than that in NGT-obese group(P<0. 01). Correlation analysis showed that plasma sfrp5 levels were negatively correlated with waist-hip ratio, HbA1C, fasting insulin, triglycerides, waist circumference, fasting plasma glucose, interleukin 6, natural logarithm of HOMA-IR [ln(HOMA-IR)], and BMI(P<0. 01 or P<0. 05). Multiple linear regression showed that ln(HOMA-IR), BMI, triglycerides were independent related factors in influencing the levels of plasma sfrp5 (r2=0. 216, 0. 177, 0. 113, all P<0. 05). Plasma sfrp5 levels were decreased in obesity and T2DM subjects and were correlated with body fat disposition, glucose-lipid metabolism, insulin resistance and inflammation. Lack of sfrp5 may contribute to the pathophysiology of obesity and T2DM.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and epidemiologic characteristics of metabolic syndrome (MS) in adults aged over 35 years in Chongqing.Methods Randomly selected adults were studied by means of multi-stage sampling.A cross-sectional study was conducted in Chongqing with a representative sample of 5 384 Chinese adults aged over 35 years.After an overnight fasting,participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test,fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose,blood lipid profile as well as height,body weight,blood pressure were measured.In this survey,the prevalence of MS was analyzed according to the diagnostic criteria of International Diabetes Federation in 2005.Results The crude prevalence of MS was 20.28％,and the standardized prevalence was 18.72％ after age was adjusted.Compared to male population,female participants showed a higher prevalence (25.55％ vs 12.90％,P＜0.01).The prevalence of MS was higher in urban residents than in rural (26.65％ vs 16.94％,P＜0.01).The prevalence of MS increased with age,along with the highest prevalence in the group aged over 65 years.The incidences of central obesity,high triglyceridemia,hyperglycemia,hypertension,and low highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol were 30.11％,26.17％,43.93％,54.03％,and 27.23％,respectively.There were at least 83.06％ subjects who possessed more than 1 risk factor.The most common combination of four components of MS were central obesity,high triglyceridemia,hyperglycemia,and hypertension.Conclusion There is a high prevalence of MS in adult residents in Chongqing.MS is increasingly becoming a noteworthy health problem requiring urgent attention for its prevention and treatment.