Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of sodium nilroprusside(SNP) with remifentanil or fentanyl used for controlled hypotension during the pediatric patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) operations. Methods Sixty children undergoing operation were randomly divided into SNP with fentanyl (A group) or remifentanil (B group). Hemodynamic changes in different times and adverse reactions were observed. Results In B group, heart rate was stable and blood pressure declined quickly. The dose of SNP was fewer and hemodynamic changes and recovery from anesthesia were better in B group than in A group. Conclusion Remifentanil could potentiate the hypotensive effect of SNP and decrease adverse reaction.

An electrochemical aptasensor for Pb2+ was constructed based on the layer-by-layer assembly of graphene (GR) and anthraquinone -2-sulfonic acid sodium salt (AQMS) on the surface of Pb2+ aptamer. The mercapto-modified Pb2+ aptamer was first anchored on a gold electrode. Then the highly conductive material of GR was adsorbed on apt through the unique π-π stacking interaction, which was further used for the assembly and signal amplification of the electroactive AQMS. Upon interaction with Pb2+ ions, the apt on the aptasensor undergone conformational switch from a single-stranded form to the G-quadruplex structure, causing the GR assembled with AQMS releasing from the electrode surface into solution. As a result, the electrochemical signal of AQMS on the aptasensor was substantially reduced. Base on this concept, a useful platform for detection of Pb2+ ions was constructed. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the attenuation of peak currents (△Ipa ) showed linear relationship with the logarithm of Pb2+ concentrations (lgCPb2+) over the range from 5. 0×10-10 to 5. 0×10-8 mol/ L. The detection limit was estimated to be 6. 0×10-11 mol/ L.

Objective To analyze CT features of adrenal non-functional pheochromocytoma and non-functional adenoma and to provide reference for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis.Methods 17 cases of adrenal non-functional pheochromocytoma and 31 cases of non-functional adenoma confirmed by pathology were analyzed retrospectively.The imaging findings of two groups of cases were statistically analyzed, including size, shape, density, enhanced degree, visible tumor blood vessels, necrosis and cystoid variation and so on.Results The average diameter of the pheochromocytoma was (52.2±20.2) mm, and the average diameter of the adenoma was (27.8±17.6) mm, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The average CT value of pheochromocytoma was higher than that of adenoma in plain, arterial and venous phases(all P<0.05).Of the 17 cases of pheochromocytoma, 14 cases (82.4%) can be seen tumor blood vessels in the arterial phase, 12 cases (70.6%) can be seen necrosis and cystoid variation, the margins of the tumors were no circular or arc-like enhancement;of the 31 cases of adenoma, 3 cases (9.7%) can be seen tumor blood vessels in the arterial phase, 2 cases (6.5%) can be seen necrosis and cystoid variation,10 cases (32.3%) can be seen circular or arc-like enhancement;all the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).Conclusion Adrenal non-functional pheochromocytoma and non-functional adenoma have characteristic imaging findings, dual phase enhanced scanning of MSCT is helpful for clinical diagnosis and treatment, one of the distinguishing points is to find tumor blood vessels in arterial phase.

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human augmenter of liver regeneration (rhALR) on renal inflammation in acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by renal ischemia reperfusion (IR). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group,IR group,rhALR1 group (100 μg/kg) and rhALR2 group (200 μg/kg).Both renal pedicles of rats were identified and occluded with microvascular clamps for 60 min to induce acute kidney injury (AKI).Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels were evaluated using a Hitachi 747 automatic analyzer. For histological examination, sections were stained with HE. The activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) was detected by spectrophotometer.Expression of TNF-α,ICAM-1,MCP-1 was determined by Western blotting. Results Blood urea nitrogen,serum creatinine levels and the injury of kidney were improved significantly in rhALR group as compared with IR group (all P＜ 0.05).They were improved more significantly in rhALR2 group as compared to in rhALR1 group (all P＜0.05).The protein levels of TNF-α,ICAM-1,MCP-1 and the activity of MPO in kidneys from the sham-operated rats were low,and increased significantly after renal ischemia reperfusion injury (all P＜0.05).After treated with rhALR,the expression of TNF-α,ICAM-1,MCP-1 and the activity of MPO were decreased significantly in kidneys as compared to those in IR group (all P＜0.05),which decreased more significantly in rhALR2 group than those in rhALR1 group (all P＜ 0.05). Conclusions nhALR can protect kidneys from ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.The mechanism may be associated with the inhibition of renal inflammatory cells infiltration and down-regulated expressions of YNF-α,ICAM-1 and MCP-1 in the kidney.

Abstract： Arsenic and arsenic compounds have been listed as one of the toxic and harmful environment pollutants, and drinking, seafood intake, use of skincare products and inhalation of tobacco smoke are main routes of exposure to human arsenic exposure. The adverse effects of arsenic on pregnant outcomes have been paid much attention. Prenatal exposure to high-level arsenic has been found to increase the risk of spontaneous abortion among pregnant women. Based on national and international epidemiological studies on the correlation between arsenic exposure and spontaneous abortion during the period between 1992 and 2020, we review the association between arsenic exposure and spontaneous abortion and describe the mechanisms underlying spontaneous abortion caused by arsenic exposure, so as to provide insights into early prevention of spontaneous abortion.

This paper is aimed to investigate the effect of rest-inserted loading on the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes. In the investigation, cultured MLO-Y4 osteocyte-like cells were strained on cyclic compressive force (CCF) by the self-made compressive loading device. Then we observed the effect of different rest periods-inserted loading (5 s, 15 s, 30 s, respectively) on the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes. We then determined the levels of secreted nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by Griess method and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. We then stained the cytoskeleton F-actin using immunofluorescence. We found that the expressions of NO and PGE2 in rest-inserted strained groups (> 15 s) were significantly increased compared to those in the continuous strained group. And rest-inserted loading promoted the parallel alignment of stress fibers. It indicates that rest-inserted loading could promote the mechanosensitivity of osteocytes, and this might be related to the parallel alignment of stress fibers.
Actins ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Line ; Cytoskeleton ; metabolism ; Dinoprostone ; secretion ; Mice ; Nitric Oxide ; secretion ; Osteocytes ; secretion ; Stress, Mechanical

The objective of this research is to evaluate the effects of different silane coupling agents on the bond strength between Ceramco3 opaque porcelain and indirect composite resin. Five groups of Co-Cr metal alloy substrates were fabricated according to manufacturer's instruction. The surface of metal alloy with a layer of dental opaque porcelain was heated by fire. After the surface of opaque porcelain was etched, five different surface treatments, i.e. RelyX Ceramic Primer (RCP), Porcelain Bond Activator and SE Bond Primer (mixed with a proportion of 1:1) (PBA), Shofu Porcelain Primer (SPP), SE bond primer (SEP), and no primer treatment (as a control group), were used to combine P60 and opaque porcelain along with resin cement. Shear bond strength of specimens was tested in a universal testing machine. The failure modes of specimens in all groups were observed and classified into four types. Selected specimens were subjected to scanning electron microscope and energy disperse spectroscopy to reveal the relief of the fracture surface and to confirm the failure mode of different types. The experimental results showed that the values of the tested items in all the tested groups were higher than that in the control group. Group PBA exhibited the highest value [(37.52 +/- 2.14) MPa] and this suggested a fact that all of the specimens in group PBA revealed combined failures (failure occurred in metal-porcelain combined surface and within opaque porcelain). Group SPP and RCP showed higher values than SEP (P < 0.05) and most specimens of SPP and RCP performed combined failures (failure occurred in bond surface and within opaque porcelain or composite resin) while all the specimens in group SEP and control group revealed adhesive failures. Conclusions could be drawn that silane coupling agents could reinforce the bond strength of dental composite resin to metal-opaque porcelain substrate. The bond strength between dental composite resin and dental opaque porcelain could meet the clinical requirements.
Acrylic Resins ; chemistry ; Ceramics ; chemistry ; Composite Resins ; chemistry ; Dental Bonding ; Dental Porcelain ; chemistry ; Humans ; Polyurethanes ; chemistry ; Resin Cements ; chemistry ; Silanes ; chemistry

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of small-middle endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for patients with extrahepatic bile duct stone. Methods The patients with special duodenal papilla included 38 cases, and those with normal duodenal papilla 143 cases. 38 patients had received SEST + EPBD, 143 had received MEST + EPBD. Results 181 patients had received SMEST + EPBD in our hospital and the related data were retrospectively analyzed. All 181 patients were successfully removed, the success rate was 100.00 %. There was no perforation occurred postoperatively, but mild acute pancreatitis occurred in 8 patients (4.42 %, 8/181) and bleeding occurred in 9 patients. The three major early complications rate were 9.93 %(17/181), which was cured by the conservative management. Conclusion SMEST plus EPBD is a safe and effective treatment for extrahepatic bile duct stone, with retaining the feature of sphincter of duodenal papilla, especially for patients with special duodenal papilla.

Objective To explore the prognostic value of pre-chemotherapy serum cystatin C (Cys C) in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).Methods The medical records of 48 patients with CRPC were reviewed.These patients were diagnosed and underwent docetaxel-based chemotherapy in Xinjiang Military Command General Hospital between January 2009 and January 2015.Statistical analysis was performed to identify the clinical and prognosis value of Cys C.Results Of 48 patients with CRPC,the expression of serum Cys C before chemotherapy was related with Gleason score (x2 =4.218,P =0.040) and distant metastasis(x2 =4.090,P =0.043).23 patients was in high group (Cys C ＞ 1.61 mg/L),25 in low (Cys C ≤ 1.61 mg/L).The median survival time of high group and low group were 15.6 and 25.3 months,respectively (x2 =13.876,P ＜ 0.001).Univariate analysis showed that TNM stage (x2 =6.934,P =0.018),Gleason score (x2 =7.933,P =0.005),baseline prostate specific antigen (PSA) (x2 =9.038,P =0.003),number of chemotherapy cycles (x2 =5.024,P =0.028),distant metastases (x2 =6.963,P =0.013) and serum Cys C before chemotherapy (x2 =6.976,P =0.012) were associated with overall survival of patients with CRPC.COX multivariate analysis showed that baseline PSA at diagnosis (x2 =4.257,P =0.039),number of chemotherapy cycles (x2 =6.245,P =0.017),distant metastases (x2 =5.122,P =0.028) and serum Cys C before chemotherapy (x2 =8.172,P =0.004) were independent risk factors of overall survival of patients with CRPC,especially serum Cys C before chemotherapy (HR =2.394).Conclusion The patients with high Cys C level have poor prognosis,and the pre-chemotherapy Cys C is an independent risk factor for prognosis of CRPC patients treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy which can be used as an effective indicator to assess the prognosis of CRPC.

OBJECTIVEThis investigation was to analyze the mechanism of formation of porous structure by studying some characteristics of the alumina powder used for GI-II Infiltrate Ceramic.

METHODSThe alumina powder crystal type was analyzed with X-diffractometer, and its size distribution was obtained by powder size analysis device, and fracture surface of alumina adobe was observed under scanning electronic microscope.

RESULTSAlumina crystals were purely alpha type, with firmest structure and best stability. Fine powder whose size was smaller than 0.5 micron occupied 9 wt% (mass) and, coarse powder with sizes between 1 to 3.5 microns occupied 75 wt% (mass). The SEM graphs of adobe showed that fine powders were attached to the surface of coarse powders, dispersed evenly, and alumina powders contacted each other firmly.

CONCLUSIONThe crystal type, size distribution and even dispersion of the studied alumina powder contributed to the formation of porous structure of alumina sintered body (preform), which was the material prerequisite in forming porous preform and one of the key factors to the rise of strength of GI-II Infiltrated Ceramic.

Aluminum Oxide ; chemistry ; Ceramics ; chemistry ; Dental Materials ; Dental Porcelain ; chemistry ; Glass ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Porosity ; Powders ; Tensile Strength