1.Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging parameter changes as an early biomarker of tumor responses following radiation therapy in patients with spinal metastases: a systematic review
Rahmad MULYADI ; Pungky Permata PUTRI ; Handoko HANDOKO ; Ramdinal Aviesena ZAIRINAL ; Joedo PRIHARTONO
Radiation Oncology Journal 2023;41(4):225-236
Purpose:
This systematic review aims to assess and summarize the clinical values of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) parameter changes as early biomarkers of tumor responses following radiation therapy (RT) in patients with spinal metastases.
Materials and Methods:
A systematic search was conducted on five electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane, and Embase. Studies were included if they mentioned DCE-MRI parameter changes before and after RT in patients with spinal metastases with a correlation to tumor responses based on clinical and imaging criteria. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 was used to assess study quality.
Results:
This systematic review included seven studies involving 107 patients. All seven studies evaluated the transfer constant (Ktrans), six studies evaluated the plasma volume fraction (Vp), three studies evaluated the extravascular extracellular space volume fraction, and two studies evaluated the rate constant. There were variations in the type of primary cancer, RT techniques used, post-treatment scan time, and median follow-up time. Despite the variations, however, the collected evidence generally suggested that significant differences could be detected in DCE-MRI parameters between before and after RT, which might reflect treatment success or failures in long-term follow-up. Responders showed higher reduction and lower values of Ktrans and Vp after RT. DCE-MRI parameters showed changes and detectable recurrences significantly earlier (up to 6 months) than conventional MRI with favorable diagnostic values.
Conclusion
The results of this systematic review suggested that DCE-MRI parameter changes in patients with spinal metastases could be a promising tool for treatment-response assessment following RT. Lower values and higher reduction of Ktrans and Vp after treatment demonstrated good prediction of local control. Compared to conventional MRI, DCE-MRI showed more rapid changes and earlier prediction of treatment failure.
2.Plasma CRH Level Difference Between Wistar Rats Exposed To Acute Stress Due To Predator And To The Psychological Stress Device
B Handoko Daeng ; Analis Wisnu Wardhana ; Aris Widodo ; Hidayat Sujuti ; Karyono Mintaroem ; Edi Widjajanto
ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry 2015;16(2):1-10
Objective: Stress triggers and causes psychiatric disorders. This study compared
stress generated by different stressors: a cat as the predator of rats and a
Psychological Stress Device (PSD) which was developed and modified by the
researchers based on the model by Xu and Rocher. Methods: Twenty-eight
Wistar rats were simple randomly divided into one control group and six
treatment groups, each consisting of 4 rats. Each treatment group was
individually exposed to stressor for 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The first three
treatment groups were treated using the PSD while the other three treatment
groups were treated exposed to the cat. Plasma CRH level was measured using
the ELISA (Cusabio) method. Result: Plasma CRH levels in the rat exposed to
stressor using the PSD ranged from 9.89 to 50.22 ng/mL, higher than plasma
CRH level in the groups exposed to cat ranged from 0.22 to 23.44 ng/mL with
significance level (p<0,05). The average of plasma CRH level in the rats exposed
to the PSD for 30, 60, and 90 minutes were 14.83, 28.19, and 36 respectively. 14
ng/mL while in the groups exposed to cats were 11.53, 7.81, and 4.97 ng/mL
respectively. The increase of plasma CRH level had positive correlation with the
length of exposure to stressor in the group treated with the PSD (r=0.895, p of
<0.05) while plasma CRH level in the group exposed to cat did not correlate with
the length of exposure (r=-0.043, p>0.05). Conclusion: Plasma CRH level of the
rats exposed to stressor using the PSD was higher and positively correlate with
the length of exposure compared to those exposed to cat.
3.Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Artono ARTONO ; Nyilo PURNAMI ; Edi HANDOKO ; Agung Dwi Wahyu WIDODO ; Juniastuti JUNIASTUTI
Infection and Chemotherapy 2025;57(1):63-71
Background:
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has caused many hearing disorder cases in developing countries.Inappropriate antibiotic use resulted in a shift of bacterial resistance. The biofilm-forming bacteria, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was a common germ detected in CSOM that contributed to a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the bacterial pattern from samples taken from CSOM patients regarding its antibiotic susceptibility and the antibiofilm activity of acetic acid against P. aeruginosa.
Materials and Methods:
Sterile swabs of forty-five patients with CSOM were collected, followed by isolation of bacterial pathogens, identification, and evaluation of antibiotic sensitivity using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion protocol. In vitro testing was done by adding acetic acid to P. aeruginosa culture to gauge the minimum concentration of biofilm inhibition and eradication. They were conducted using the microtiter plate assay method and quantified with an ELISA reader. The data were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference post hoc test.
Results:
The samples obtained from 31 of 45 CSOM patients showed positive microbial growth; 26 (57.78%) had a monomicrobial pattern, and 5 (11.11%) had a polymicrobial pattern. The researcher ascertained that 24 isolates, representing 66.67%, were gram-negative bacteria, with P.-aeruginosa identified as the predominant species.P. aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to several antibiotics, including meropenem, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone-sulbactam with a rate of 93.33%. The minimum concentration of acetic acid required to qualify as the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) was determined to be 0.16%, yielding an inhibition rate of 26.79%. A concentration of 0.31% was identified as the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), achieving an eradication rate of 77.27%.
Conclusion
P. aeruginosa, the most common bacteria found in CSOM samples, was sensitive to imipenem, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone-sulbactam. Acetic acid suppresses P. aeruginosa bacterial biofilm formation at MBIC of 0.16% and MBEC of 0.31%.
4.Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Artono ARTONO ; Nyilo PURNAMI ; Edi HANDOKO ; Agung Dwi Wahyu WIDODO ; Juniastuti JUNIASTUTI
Infection and Chemotherapy 2025;57(1):63-71
Background:
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has caused many hearing disorder cases in developing countries.Inappropriate antibiotic use resulted in a shift of bacterial resistance. The biofilm-forming bacteria, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was a common germ detected in CSOM that contributed to a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the bacterial pattern from samples taken from CSOM patients regarding its antibiotic susceptibility and the antibiofilm activity of acetic acid against P. aeruginosa.
Materials and Methods:
Sterile swabs of forty-five patients with CSOM were collected, followed by isolation of bacterial pathogens, identification, and evaluation of antibiotic sensitivity using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion protocol. In vitro testing was done by adding acetic acid to P. aeruginosa culture to gauge the minimum concentration of biofilm inhibition and eradication. They were conducted using the microtiter plate assay method and quantified with an ELISA reader. The data were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference post hoc test.
Results:
The samples obtained from 31 of 45 CSOM patients showed positive microbial growth; 26 (57.78%) had a monomicrobial pattern, and 5 (11.11%) had a polymicrobial pattern. The researcher ascertained that 24 isolates, representing 66.67%, were gram-negative bacteria, with P.-aeruginosa identified as the predominant species.P. aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to several antibiotics, including meropenem, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone-sulbactam with a rate of 93.33%. The minimum concentration of acetic acid required to qualify as the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) was determined to be 0.16%, yielding an inhibition rate of 26.79%. A concentration of 0.31% was identified as the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), achieving an eradication rate of 77.27%.
Conclusion
P. aeruginosa, the most common bacteria found in CSOM samples, was sensitive to imipenem, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone-sulbactam. Acetic acid suppresses P. aeruginosa bacterial biofilm formation at MBIC of 0.16% and MBEC of 0.31%.
5.Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Artono ARTONO ; Nyilo PURNAMI ; Edi HANDOKO ; Agung Dwi Wahyu WIDODO ; Juniastuti JUNIASTUTI
Infection and Chemotherapy 2025;57(1):63-71
Background:
Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) has caused many hearing disorder cases in developing countries.Inappropriate antibiotic use resulted in a shift of bacterial resistance. The biofilm-forming bacteria, like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was a common germ detected in CSOM that contributed to a poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the bacterial pattern from samples taken from CSOM patients regarding its antibiotic susceptibility and the antibiofilm activity of acetic acid against P. aeruginosa.
Materials and Methods:
Sterile swabs of forty-five patients with CSOM were collected, followed by isolation of bacterial pathogens, identification, and evaluation of antibiotic sensitivity using modified Kirby Bauer disc diffusion protocol. In vitro testing was done by adding acetic acid to P. aeruginosa culture to gauge the minimum concentration of biofilm inhibition and eradication. They were conducted using the microtiter plate assay method and quantified with an ELISA reader. The data were analyzed statistically using One-Way ANOVA and Tukey Honestly Significant Difference post hoc test.
Results:
The samples obtained from 31 of 45 CSOM patients showed positive microbial growth; 26 (57.78%) had a monomicrobial pattern, and 5 (11.11%) had a polymicrobial pattern. The researcher ascertained that 24 isolates, representing 66.67%, were gram-negative bacteria, with P.-aeruginosa identified as the predominant species.P. aeruginosa isolates were sensitive to several antibiotics, including meropenem, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone-sulbactam with a rate of 93.33%. The minimum concentration of acetic acid required to qualify as the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) was determined to be 0.16%, yielding an inhibition rate of 26.79%. A concentration of 0.31% was identified as the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC), achieving an eradication rate of 77.27%.
Conclusion
P. aeruginosa, the most common bacteria found in CSOM samples, was sensitive to imipenem, amikacin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and cefoperazone-sulbactam. Acetic acid suppresses P. aeruginosa bacterial biofilm formation at MBIC of 0.16% and MBEC of 0.31%.
6.Effectiveness of Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff Leaves Extract Toward Porphyromonas gingivalis Adhesion to Neutrophils
Atik Kurniawati ; Depi Praharani ; Grace Valencia Handoko
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2020;16(Supp 4, July):60-66
Introduction: Porphyromonas gingivalis adhesion to neutrophils is an important initial process in periodontal disease. The process of bacterial adhesion must be inhibited so that periodontal disease does not develop into severe.
Graptophyllum pictum contains several active substances that can affect the function of neutrophils. Aim of the
research to find out the inhibition of Graptophyllum pictum leaf extracts (GLE) in various concentrations against the
adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis to neutrophils. Methods: The method used is experimental laboratory using
the post test only control group design. This research used a sample of isolate neutrophils taken from the blood of
subjects with inclusion criteria. The sample was divided into 5 groups: the control group (without GLE), GLE 3.125%,
GLE 6.25%, GLE 12.5%, and GLE 25%.The neutrophils isolate was incubated with GLE for 3 hours, then exposed to
Porphyromonas gingivalis for 8 hours. The adhesion index is calculated by the average number of Porphyromonas
gingivalis attached to 100 neutrophils. Results: Based on these results can be interpreted that GLE 3.125%, GLE
6.25% and GLE 12.5% showed no significant difference, in the mean those concentrations doesn’t have ability to inhibit the adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis in neutrophils. So GLE 25% only which is able to inhibit the adhesion
of Porphyromonas gingivalis in neutrophils. Conclusion: GLE can inhibit the adhesion of Porphyromonas gingivalis
to neutrophils by GLE 25% effectively only.
7.The Potential of Gallic Acid as a Radiosensitizer on Human Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies
Agung Tri Cahyono ; Melva Louisa ; Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata ; Handoko ; Endang Nuryadi ; Henry Kodrat ; Heri Wibowo ; Agus Rizal Ardy Hariandy Hamid ; Sri Mutya Sekarutami ; Soehartati Argadikoesoema Gondhowiardjo
Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences 2021;17(No.2):246-254
Prostate adenocarcinoma accounts for majority of prostate cancer cases, and it was found to be highly radioresistant.
Gallic acid is a phenolic acid naturally occurring in many plants, reported to exhibit biological activities in eliminating cancer cell lines and xenografts. The purpose of this study is to review gallic acid as a potential radiosensitizer
agent in prostate cancer treatment. Article search was conducted in PubMed, EBSCO, and Scopus. 11 studies using
different cell lines including DU145, PC-3, LNCaP, and 22Rv1 xenograft of human prostate cancer were reviewed
in this paper. Gallic acid acts as a radiosensitizer mainly by increasing caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation resulting
in apoptosis, while also reducing intracellular CDKs, cyclins, and cdc25 phosphatases ultimately causing G2-M cell
cycle arrest. Gallic acid has a potential to be a new radiosensitizer compound in prostate cancer treatment. Additional clinical studies using gallic acid derivatives with lower hydrophilicity are needed.