Background and purpose:Checkpiont targeted immunotherapy in the field of solid tumor therapy has huge potential, triggering a boom in the study of immune targeted drugs. A study has provided a basis for the follow-up study of ipilimumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients. This study counted the adverse event statistics that ipilimumab or placebo combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin as first-line therapy for the treatment of stage Ⅳ or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma to evaluate the safety of ipilimumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:This study selected 13 patients with ECOG scores≤1 and stage ⅣA or ⅣB squamous cell carcinoma in the Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong Uni-versity. Randomized controlled double blind trial was used in this study. The patients of experimental group were treated with ipilimumab combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin, while the patients of control group were treated with the placebo combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin. Adverse events (AEs) were counted in the process of treatment.Results:The most common AEs were the 1/2 grade AEs. Immune-related AEs (irAEs) reported in the ipilimumab group included level Ⅰ of diarrhea and pruritus, level Ⅱ of rash and pruritus and level Ⅲ of hypophysitis.Conclusion:The side effects of ipilimumab were mild, tolerable and manageable.

The development of agency of Pregnancy technique shakes the traditional reproductive ethic and challenges the present law as it brings happiness of being parents to infertile couples.We should not only recognize its rationality,but also alert its potential harnfulness to society and ethic.Reasonably taking advantage of agency of Pregnancy technique and working out relative legislation are two important ways to prevent the corresponding legal and ethical confusion

The change of kirenol, darutigenol and darutoside in Siegesbeckia and its first to ninth processed products were studied, and the ten fingerprints were compared, which provided the experimental basis for the study of Siegesbeckia processing tech- nology. The samples were analysed by HPLC on a SunFire-C18 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elution of acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid)-water (0.1% formic acid) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). Column temperaturewas 30 °C and the detected wavelength was 215, 320 nm. The calibration curves of kirenol, darutigenol and darutoside were linear in the range of 2.180-26.16, 2.900-34.80, and 1.012-6.072 mg x L(-1), respectively, and the average recoveries were 96.4%, 97.2% and 96.3% wit RSD 2.2%, 1.7% and 2.4%. This method was simple, the result was stable and had good repeatability, recovery and precision. The re- sult was the basis of the chemical contents variation in the processing of Siegesbeckia Herbs and further clarifying the effect of the changing.
Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Temperature

Objective To compare clinical effect of gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist(GnRH-a) alone and GnRH-a combined with low-dose dydrogesteronea and estradiol valerate on sex hormone, hypoestrogenic symptoms, quality of life and bone mineral density (BMD)in treatment of endometriosis.Methods Seventy patients with moderate or severe endometriosis, who were diagnosed by laparotomy or laparoscopic surgery within two months, were randomly assigned into two groups.35 patients in GnRH-a group were treated by goserelin (3.6 mg)for three months, and 35 patients in add-back group were treated by goserelin (3.6 mg)combined with estradiol valerate 0.5 mg and dydrogesteronea 5 mg daily.Before and after the treatment, clinical parameters were recorded and analyzed, including visual analog scale (VAS), medical outcomes survey short form 36 (SF-36), Kupperman menopausal index(KMI), BMD, the serum level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E_2) and bone gla-protein (BGP) .The first menstruation and VAS were also followed up after treatment.Results Every 3 cases in two groups lost follow-up.(1)Reproductive hormone: the level of E_2 in add-back group [(94 ± 71) pmol/L]was significantly higher than (54±52) pmol/L in GnRH-a group(P <0.01).The level of FSH in add-back group [(3.0 ± 1.9) U/L]was significantly lower than (5.7 ± 2.9) U/L in GnRH-a group (P < 0.05).(2) VAS: after treatment, VAS in both group decreased significantly when compared with that before treatment(P < 0.05), and remained until menstruated.(3) KMI: KMI in add back-group (10 ± 8) was significantly lower than (14 ± 6) in GnRH-a group (P < 0.05).(4) BMD: compared with that before treatment, BMD decreased significantly after treatment in GnRH-a group (P < 0.05), no remarkable difference of BMD was observed before and after treatment in add-back group.Before treatment, serum BGP in both groups did not show statistical difference.After treatment, the level of BGP in GnRH-a group [(7932±5206) ng/L]was significantly higher than (5419±2917) ng/L in add-back group (P <0.05).Conclusions GnRH-a combined with estrogen-progesterone regimen could relieve pain from endometriosis as effectively as GnRH-a alone and reduce hypoestrogenic symptoms and bone loss.Therefore,it is a safe and effective treatment.

Objective To observe the effects of vitamin C (VC) and E (VE) on the uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain tissue of fluorosis rats. Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were chosen as the experimental animals and were divided into 9 groups randomly. The control group were given distilled water and the fluoride exposed group were given distilled water containing sodium fluoride 150 mg/L. The throe VC-fluoride exposed groups were given VC orally in a dose of 50,100,150 mg·kg-1.d-1, respectively, and the three VE-fluoride exposed groups were given VE of 25,50,75 mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively. The VC-VE-fluoride exposed group were given VC of 100 mg·kg-1·d-1and VE of 50 mg·kg-1·d-1at the same time of high fluoride water intake. The rats were sacrificed after 9 months and the ultrastructure changes on liver, kidney and brain tissues of each group were observed under transmission electron microscope(TEM). Results The uhrastrueture of liver, kidney and brain showed pathologic changes in the rats that drank water containing high eoneentrations of sodium fluoride. ①Edema of hepatocytes, smeared mitochontria and nuclear matrix, lipid droplet in eytoplasm of hepatocytes, margination of nueleohs as well as obvious swelling of liver sinusoidal endothelial were observed in fluoride exposed group. ② There were marginafion of heterochromatin, expansion of cell space and endoplasmic reticulum in the kidney after the exposure to excess fluoride.③Signifieant changes were found on glial eells on the brain, including cell swelling, increase and marginafion of heterochromatin in the fluoride exposure group. There were no significant uhrastrueture changes in the VC or VE intervention group, while the VC-VE-fluoride exposure group was almost the same as the control group. Conclusions Fluoresis may cause damage on liver, kidney and brain in rats. VC and VE, alone or combined, have protective effects, and the combined supplementation was stronger than single supplementations.

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between electro-acupunctured point Houxi(SI3)and activated brain function areas, contrast the images produced with electroacupuncture at left and right points Houxi and make a comparison with electroacupuncture at point Hegu(LI4)in patients with peripheral facial paralysis.MethodPatients with peripheral facial paralysis, six on the left side and six on the right side, were enrolled as subjects. A scan of the whole brain was taken using fMRI during electroacupuncture stimulation. The images were processed using SPM software. An analysis using at-test (P<0.01) showed differences in brain functional images produced with electroacupuncture at different points.ResultElectroacupuncture at left point Houxi increased the signals of brain regions: rightcaudate nucleus, right cingulate gyrus, right parahippocampal gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus, the brainstem and the cerebellar vermis. Electroacupuncture at right point Houxi increased the signals of brain regions: right medial frontal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left anterior cingulate gyrus, rightcingulate gyrus and right superior temporal gyrus.ConclusionThere is a difference in the image between electroacupuncture at point Houxi and at point Hegu or Dicang(ST4). There is also a larger difference in the image between bilateral points Houxi. The brain regions with high-frequency or low-frequency signals are not consistent. The results further prove the scientificalness of “Point Hegu is indicated for diseasesin the face and mouth” and also show that the cognominal acupoints on the two sides ofthe human body may have some differences, e.g. the conduction pathways are not completely the same and the therapeutic effects are not completely consistent.

Objective To evaluate the expression of Toll-like receptor(TLR)on the monocyte- derived dendritic cells(DC)from chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients and to analyze the expression pro- file and significance of the TLR such as TLR3,TLR4,TLR?,TLR8 and TLRg,which are associat- ed with immune response to viral infection.Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) centrifugated by the hydroxyethyl starch(HES)centrifugation were cultured and induced into DC by granulocyte-maerophage colony stimulating factor(GM-CSF)and interleukin-4(IL-4),and their mor- phology and phenotype were detected by the inverted microscope and flow cytometry respectively. Monocyte-derived DC were obtained from 10 chronically hepatitis B virus(HBV)-infected patients and 15 healthy volunteers.TLR3,TLR4,TLR7,TLRS,TLR9 expression on immature and mature DC were analyzed by FACS Calibur.DC was pulsed with HBcAg on day 3 and 5,then DC maturation and ability to process HBcAg and to stimulate autogeneic T cells were evaluated.Results Monocyte- derived DC developed different TLR expression patterns as they went through different maturation stages.TLR7,TLR8 expressions on immature DC and TLR3,TLR7 expressions on mature DC were lower in CHB than in control(for TLR7,TLR8 expression on immature DC:75.9%,1.0%vs 98.4%,15.4%,P

The effectiveness and safety of acupuncture-moxibustion for the treatment of agrypnia was systematically reviewed. The clinical randomized controlled trial (RCT) of acupuncture-moxibustion for agrypnia were collected. The literature and document on acupuncture-moxibustion RCT for the treatment of agrypnia that published from January of 2001 to March of 2012 was searched with computer in PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP database. According to Cochrane Handbook 5. 1. 0, the bias risk and quality assessment were performed on every included trial and RevMan 5. 0 software was applied to make the Meta analysis. Totally 14 researches were included, involving 2662 cases. The Meta analysis showed that the differences of total effective rate between acupuncture-moxibustion and clinical routine treatment were significant [RR = 1.16, 95% CI (1.12, 1.19), Z = 9.32, P < 0.000 01]. The results indicate that total effective rate of acupuncture-moxibustion for agrypnia is obviously superior to that of clinical routine treatment, meaning clinical efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion is served credit.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Amblyopia ; therapy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether inhalable particulate matters can cause the damage of chromosome or mitotic apparatus to produce micronucleus, and to evaluate genetic toxicology of moxa smoke on chromosome.

METHODSBy MTT method, the 24 h half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of moxa smoke condensation (MSC) on Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells was 0.087 mg/mL. CHO cells, which were cultured in vitro, were divided into a solvent control group, a positive control group (cyclophosphamide as solvent), a low concentration group, a moderate concentration group and a high concentration group. The low concentration group, moderate concentration group and high concentration group were set approximately 1/8, 1/4, 1/2 of IC50, respectively. Whether micronucleus had dose-effect response induced by the damage of chromosome or mitotic apparatus was observed after CHO cells were contaminated by MSC in the low concentration group, moderate concentration group and high concentration group.

RESULTSThe rate of micronucleus induced by MSC in the low concentration group, moderate concentration group and high concentration group was higher than that in the solvent control group (all P < 0.05), which presented dosage-effect response. The experiment was repeated 3 times, indicating it was repeatable with statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONHigh concentration of MSC shows toxicity to induce chromosome damage, which disappears at low concentration. The genetic toxicology is also dependent on concentration, and the concentration of moxa smoke is essential. In clinical treatment, it is noted to control the level of moxa smoke, while the clinical safety standard of moxa smoke concentration is in need of further study.

Air Pollutants ; adverse effects ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Cell Nucleus ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Inhalation Exposure ; adverse effects ; analysis ; Micronucleus Tests ; Moxibustion ; adverse effects ; Particulate Matter ; adverse effects ; Smoke ; adverse effects ; analysis

Objective To examine the expression of TLR7/8 in monocytes purified from HIV-1 infected individuals and to study its association with disease progression. Methods Sixty-three HIV-1 infected individuals and 18 normal controls were enrolled. Monocytes were purified by MACS system and RNA of them was extracted by RNA mini kit of QIAGEN company. TLR7/8 expression was tested by real-time RT-PCR with ABI7500. Results It was found that the expression of TLR7 was strongly correlated with absolute CD4 count (r =0.614, P＜0.01) , so was TLR8 (r =0.419, P＜0.01). The expression of TLR7 in slow progressor (SP) group was higher than that in HIV-1 infected patients group, AIDS patients group and normal group (P ＜ 0. 05 ) . HIV group and normal group were strongly higher than AIDS group (P ＜ 0. 05). It was no significant differentiation of expression of TLR7 between HIV infection group and normal control group. The expression of TLR8 in SP group and normal group were significantly higher than that in AIDS group (P ＜ 0. 05). The expression of TLR8 was no singnificantly difference between SP group and HIV group or normal control group, so was it between HIV group or normal control group and AIDS group. Conclusion The expression of TLR7/8 in monocytes from HIV-1 infected patients significantly correlated with disease progression.