Phyllosphere and epiphytes have attracted significant interest of more and more researchers by their unique biological characteristics. Progress of research on phyllosphere and epiphytes was summarized in this paper, and the special emphasis was put on the characteristic of phyllosphere, microbial communities, invasion and the location of bacteria on leaf surfaces. Some ideas for further studies on phyllosphere microbes were also proposed.

Objective To explore CT features and clues to diagnosis of rhabdmyosarcoma(RMS) in head and neck .Methods 14 cases of rhabdmyosarcoma scanned by CT were co llected retrospectively during 1992～2001 and comparatively studied by the age o f patients and the pathologic types. Results Children and adolecence were mainly involved in R MS in head and neck which pathologic types were embryonal type and adeno-vesicle type ,and the former was the main type .CT features of rhabdomyosarcoma include d round and oval masses which had a homogeneous high density and close relation to muscles ,obvious enhancement after injection of contrast media ,often complic ated with the wide destruction of bone and other adjacent tissues,the collecting lymph node enlargment.Conclusion CT findings of rhabdomyosarcoma in head and ne ck had some features and combined with the age of patients can be made the diagn osis of RMS.

Objective To observe the efficiency and safety of Extecavir on chronic severe hepatitis B.Methods 36 patients with chronic severe hepatitis B were randomly divided into 2 groups. Control group (n=16) was given the conventional therapy. Treatment group (n=20) was treated with Entecavir, 0.5mg daily for four weeks, on the bases of routine treatment. Before and after treatment, hepatic function, prothrombin active (PTA), HBVDNA and efficiency rate of the two groups were detected.Results the results showed that the total efficiency rates of treatment group and control group were 85% and 50% respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.01). After treated for four weeks, the improvement of TBil and PTA effect was observed.Conclusion It can be concluded that Entecavir has good therapeutic efficiency and safety in the treatment of chronic severe hepatitis B.

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; therapy ; Plasma Exchange ; Propane ; analogs & derivatives ; poisoning

Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Radiotherapy ; adverse effects ; Tonsillar Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Xerostomia ; etiology ; therapy

Objective To confirm the safety and nutritional efficacy of high branched-chain amino acids through a pragmatic study allowing its use as an alternative to 15AA in patients with liver dysfunction. Methods The study was performed as a randomized, prospective trial. Eighty two patients with liver dysfunction undergoing operation were randomly assigned to receive high branchedchain amino acids or 15AA as part of their TPN regimens for 7 days. Daily parenteral intakes of energy nitrogen and lipid were equal in the two groups. Results Efficacy analysis showed that high branched-chain amino acids were as efficient as 15AA in avoiding protein catablosim. No serious adverse event was reported in the two groups. For hematology, renal, hepatic safety criteria and for the vital signs,no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups. No significant difference was observed concerning nitrogen balance and protein catablosim. For peripheral immunoglobulin and lymphocytes, a statistically significant difference was observed between the high branched-chain amino acids and the 15AA groups. Conclusion High branched-chain amino acids is new, safe and efficient amino acids for parenteral nutrition.

Objective To explore the value of intelligent optimum tube voltage technology at dual-source CT coronary angiography.Methods One hundred and fifty patients with normal body mass index (＜25 kg/m2) with clinically suspected coronary heart disease requiring coronary artery CTA examination were collected.According to the different scanning method,patients were randomly divided into 5 groups,30 cases of each group were tested by coronary artery CTA examination.The intelligent optimum tube vohage scanning technology was set to Semi,the tube voltage of A,B,C group were 120,100 and 80 kV (Ref 120 kV,400 mAs),respectively.D and E group were set to on,the reference voltage of group D was 120 kV,and reference current was 400 mAs.The reference voltage of group E was 100 kV,reference current was 400 mAs.Using the 15 section improved segment method for evaluation of coronary artery (lumen diameter＞ 2 mm and no severe calcification).They were assessed by subjective evaluation (image quality score) and objective evaluation (including vascular CT value,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio).Analyses of the differences between groups were compared with image quality,objective evaluation index and radiation dose by single factor variance.Results The image quality scores in patients scanned with five groups were (3.42±0.63),(3.41±0.54),(3.49±0.33),(3.45±0.43) and (3.48±0.81),there was no statistical difference between the five groups (F=0.634,P=0.105).Each image quality was good,all could clearly show thewhole range of vessels.The CT values of the coronary artery with above groups respectively were (486±82),(554±71),(742±90),(506±81),(561±81) HU.The image noises were (25±12),(32±12),(46±14),(28± 11),(34±12) HU (F=3.430 and 4.332,P＜0.05).And the SNR and CNR was no statistic difference between the five groups (P＞0.05).The effective radiation dose of five groups are (9.3± 1.3),(6.3± 1.4),(2.8±1.5),(5.7 ± 1.2),(3.9 ± 1.3) mSv,which the difference was statistically significant (F=2.332,P＜0.05).Conclusions Intelligent optimum tube voltage technology (Ref.100 kV,400 mAs) at dual-source CT coronary angiography may be feasible in patients with normal BMI.To ensure the quality of the image at the same time,it can effectively reduce the radiation dose.

BACKGROUND:Autologous bone-skin flap transplantation is the best method for the repair of composite tissue defect, but the repair ability is limited, with big trauma, new tissue defect and a certain dysfunction. Al ogeneic bone has the osteoinductive capacity, which can be used to prepare the bone-skin flap. OBJECTIVE:To research the pathological change of the al ogenic bone during the prefabrication of bone-skin flap with al ogeneic bone implant. METHODS:The experimental animals were Bama miniature pigs. Deep-frozen al ogenic bone was implanted in iliac artery-supported tissue flap compartment of miniature pigs. After operation, the local reactions were observed, the al ogenic bone were studied by general observation and histological analysis at 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after implantation respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Obvious inflammation reaction was not observed in the surgical zone. The al ogeneic bone was vascularized at 4 weeks after implanted into the flap tissue without obvious osteoblast-like cells. The vascularization, bone resorption and uneven distributed osteoblast-like cells and osteoclast-like cells were observed at 8 weeks after implantation, and new bone formation was observed. At 12 weeks after implantation, new bone formation and bone absorption was strengthened, and the morphology of the bone graft was changed. At 16 weeks after implantation, al ogenic bone turned into fragments and absorbed, and no new bone formation was observed. The results indicated that during the prefabrication of bone-skin flap with al ogeneic bone implantation, the pathological changes of the al ogeneic bone was observed with time prolonging, and the bone-skin flap should be transplanted in time.

BACKGROUND:Immunity of fetal liver stem cel transplantation is rarely reported, syngeneic and al ogeneic fetal liver stem cel transplantation in the treatment of hepatic cirrhosis is stil unclear.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effects of syngeneic and al ogeneic fetal liver stem cel transplantation on hepatic cirrhosis as wel as immune rejections during the therapeutic process.
METHODS:The fetal liver stem/progenitor cel s from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice were isolated and purified by the type IV col agen enzyme digestion method. A total of 104 healthy BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to four groups. Normal control group:no treatment;Hepatic cirrhosis group, syngeneic transplantation group and al ogeneic transplantation group:16 weeks after hepatic cirrhosis models of mice were developed by intraperitoneal injection with carbon tetrachloride, physiological saline, syngeneic fetal liver stem cel s and al ogeneic fetal liver stem cel s were injected via the caudal vein. Final y, the survival statuses, liver function, hepatic fibrosis index, the number and ratio of immune cel s (CD4+T, CD8+T, NK, NKT) and histopathologic examinations were compared in each group after transplantation 4 weeks.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The survival rates in the two transplantation groups were both 100%, which was significantly higher than that in the hepatic cirrhosis group (67%, P<0.05). The liver function and liver fibrosis index in each group did not show statistical differences (P>0.05). Immunological tests showed no difference between groups (P>0.05). Pathohistology examination of hepatic tissue repair:Al ogeneic transplantation group>syngeneic transplantation group>hepatic cirrhosis group. Hence, fetal liver stem cel transplantation via the caudal vein could elevate the survival rate of hepatic cirrhosis mice, al eviate the degree of hepatocyte necrosis. There is no immunologic rejection during syngeneic and al ogeneic fetal liver stem cel transplantation that could help to treat hepatic cirrhosis in mice.