Objective To investigate the prevalence of 16S rRNA methylase genes, armA and rmtB, which mediate high level aminoglycoside resistance, in gram-negative bacteria isolated from 2 hospitals in Dalian and study the mechanism of aminoglycoside resistance.Methods A total of 134 amikacin-resistant clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria were collected. Two 16S rRNA methylase genes, armA and rmtB, were identified by PCR-based assays. PCR products were extracted for DNA sequencing analysis. armA and rmtB gene mapping were conducted by plasmid extraction, conjugation and transformation. The MICs of amikacin, gentamicin and tobramycin were determined for the positive isolates, transconjugants and the resultant strain of transformation using agar dilution technique. Results Overall armA was identified in 21 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, rmtB in 5 strains of Escherichia coli and 5 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Plasmid extraction and conjugation experiments were only successful for rmtB-positive isolates. Transconjugant and DH5a (pMDarmA) exhibited high-level resistance to aminoglycosides.Conclusions The 16S rRNA methylase genes, armA and rmtB are identified in Dalian. armA gene is identified in A. baumannii. rmtB gene is located on the plasmid of E. coli and K. pneumoniae. armA and rmtB can induce high-level resistance to aminoglycosides.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis ( CVST) in early pregnancy.Methods The clinical data of 4 patients with CVST in early pregnancy were analyzed retrospectively.Results The age of the 4 patients with CVST during early pregnancy was 22 -28 years old.The clinical symptom was headache, and 1 case with seizure.The clinical sign was papilledema.The MRI and MRV examination showed that the superior sagittal sinus thrombosis in 1 case, the superior sagittal sinus and left transverse sinus thrombosis in 1 case, and the left transverse sinus and sigmoid sinus thrombosis in 2 cases.The patients were received anticoagulant therapy with low molecular weight heparin, 1 case was added endovascular thrombolytic therapy.After therapy, 2 cases were cured, and 2 cases improved.Conclusions CVST in early pregnancy is easy to be misdiagnosed.MRI and MRV are helpful to diagnose it.The mainly therapies are endovascular thrombolysis and anticoagulation therapy with low molecular weight heparin.

To explore the expression and function of MG 7 Ag on gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 and its drug resistant subline,SGC7901/VCR, with different resistance index (0 3, 0 7, 1 0) The expression of MG 7 Ag on SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells was determined by immunohistochemical method and flow cytometry (FCM) MTT assay was used to explore the effects of monoclonal antibody MG 7 on drug sensitivity of gastric cancer cells FCM was used to explore the effects of MG 7 on adriamicine accumulation of SGC7901/VCR cells SGC7901/VCR cells exhibit increasing positive staining of MG 7 than SGC7901, according to the increasing resistance index Sensitivity of vincristine of both SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells was reduced after being treated with MG 7 And SGC7901/VCR cells showed decreased adriamicine accumulation when they were incubated with MG 7 Therefore, the conclusion is that MG 7 Ag may be a novel molecule associated with multidrug resistance of gastric cancer, and play an important role in maintaining the drug resistant phenotype of SGC7901/VCR cells.

Objective To investigate the evaluation of cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the relationship with the pulmonary function test (PFT). Methods 26 COPD patients and 30 normal controls were examined with CPET and PFT. Results The parameters of CPET, including maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), anaerobic threshold (AT), maximum minute ventilation (VEmax) and breathing reserve (BR) were lower in COPD group than those in control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in Wmax, oxygen pulse (O2pulse) between two groups (P>0.05). VO2max, AT, VEmax and BR were positively correlated with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) in COPD group （P<0.05）, but were not correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1/FVC (P>0.05).Conclusion The pulmonary function of COPD patients can be evaluated with CPET, especially VO2max, AT, VEmax and BR.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the difficult point about the medical waste management at public region of outpatient service and to improve it.METHODS The form of questionnaire self-designed by the hospital about the medical waste related knowledge knowing rate among outpatients,the propaganda of medical waste related(knowledge) and the setting of special-purpose container for medical waste,was surveyed among 200 outpatients and 20 outpatient service medical personnel.RESULTS The medical waste related knowledge knowing rate was below 10% among outpatients,the medical waste related knowledge received ownself and from medical personnel was 13% and 2.5%,respectively.More than 35% of the medical personnel and 56% outpatients thought the setting of special-purpose container for medical waste was unreasonable.(CONCLUSIONS) The propaganda of medical waste related knowledge must strengthen,and the medical waste related knowledge knowing rate among outpatients must be higher.The improvement medical waste(special)-purpose facility at the public region of(outpatient) service is an important link for standardized management of medical waste.

Objective To explore the mechanism underlying the superiority of the biphasic waveform to monophasic waveform in defibrillation.Method The Luo-Rudy model was adjusted so that it could be used to study defibrillation.Based on the adjusted model the effects of different defibrillation waveforms on cell action potential duration(APD) were studied.Result Biphasic electrical field pulse extended the APD longer than that with monophasic one.Moreover,biphasic waveforms with different strengths could prolong the APD almost equally,while monophasic pulses with different strengths showed different ability to prolong the APD and the spatial distribution of the APD became dispersed.It was also found that the strength of electrical fields pulse contributed much to the change of APD while the duration showed little effect.Conclusion The clinical superiority of biphasic pulses to monophasic pulses in defibrillation is resulted from its ability to prolong the time course of the APD and more importantly,it causes even spatial distribution of the APD.

AIM To investigate the effect of ke tamine on ATP-sensitive K + currents (I K ATP ) in single airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells of asthmatic rat. METHODS Single ASM cells of asthmatic rat were isolated with enzymatic dissociation technique. Effect of ketamine on I K ATP in single ASM cells was studied using the whole-cell configu ration of patch clamp technique. RESULTS Ketamine opened the ATP -sensitive K + channel (K ATP channel) in a dose-dependent manner. When the concentrations of ketamine were 1?10 -7 ,1?10 -6 ,1?10 -5 and 1?10 -4 mol?L -1 , the amplitude values of I K ATP were increased to 63 86?19 33 pA/pF(n=8,P

85 cm) before 65 years old and descended after 65 (P

AIM: To study the analgesic effect and toxicity of Weifu qitong Capsule (Rhizoma Corydalis, cortex Magnoliae Officinalis, Radix Aucklandiae, etc.) to provide experimental data for its clinical application. METHODS: The analgesic effect of Weifu qitong Capsule was assessed by hot-plate test and writhing test, its acute and subacute toxicity studies were also conducted. RESULTS: Taking high dose of Weifu qitong Capsule, after 4.5 h (6.249 g/kg) WFQC could increase pain threshold in hot-plate test. Taking low, middle or high dose of WFQC after 2 h, WFQC could significantly extend writhing latent period and decrease writhing frequency (P