BACKGROUND:Digit ratio is basical y determined within the first 3 months of fetal development. Digit and digit ratio exhibit differences between genders and between left and right hands. Nationality, regional and ethnic difference may also influence the digit ratio. So far, there is no report about the digit ratio of Kazakh adults. OBJECTIVE:To study the characteristics of digit ratio of young Kazakh nationality in Xinjiang of China. METHODS:A total of 200 young Kazakh volunteers in Xinjiang, aged 18-25 years, were enrol ed, including 100 males and 100 females. These participants were subjected to posteroanterior X-ray of both hands. Phalanx length and body height were measured, and the resulting data were statistical y analyzed using SPSS19.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The digit ratio of Xinjiang Kazakh people was 3D>4D>2D>5D. Male digit ratio possessed the tendency of 3D:5D>4D:5D>2D:5D>3D:4D>3D:4D>2D:3D>2D:4D;female digit ratio possessed the tendency of 3D:5D>2D:5D>3D:4D>4D:5D>2D:4D>2D:3D. The digit ratio of 2D:3D, 3D:4D, 4D:5D was higher in the male than the female;the digit ratio of 2D:4D, 2D:5D, 3D:5D was higher in the female than the male. Digit ratio had sexual differences, especial y in 3D:5D (P<0.05), and had bilateral differences, especial y in 2D:4D and 4D:5D (P<0.05). These findings indicate that the digit ratio of Xinjiang Kazakh people exhibits a bilateral difference, especial y in 2D:4D and 4D:5D, as wel as a sexual difference, especial y in 3D:5D .

Objective To study the sex difference and discriminating formulas by measuring both metacarpal bones on X-ray and body height of Kazakh nationality adults,providing anatomical data for physical anthropology and forensic medicine. Methods The metacarpal bones length on X-ray films and body height from 200 adults of Kazakh nationality,including 100 male and 100 females were measured. The obtained date were statistically dealt by SPSS15.0 software. Results The length of the 4th metacarpal bone in male and the 5th in female were statistical significance beside, 4 discriminating formulas were obtained as follows: Y＝2.824r_1+2.563r_4-0.654r_5+0.614l7-0.039l_9+2.452l_(10)-212.186,Y＝2.350r_1+2.377r_4-0.995r_5+0.445l_7+0.046l_9+2.966l_(10)-191.622,Y＝0.393h_1+3.152r_1+0.435r_5+1.250r_(10)-463.734,Y＝0.362h_1+2.785r_1+0.028r_5+1.834 r_(10)-404.748, the accuracy being 89.67%、86.55%、90.00% and 87.50%. Conclusion The data presented in this paper indicates that the body height of male and female kazakh minority is closely related with the enlargement of their metacarpal bones.

Objective To investigate the application value of single detection and combined detection of 4 kinds of inflammatory indicators of procalcitonin (PCT ) ,high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP) ,interleu-kin-6(IL-6) and white blood cell(WBC) in diagnosing type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) bloodstream by analy-zing the levels of peripheral blood PCT ,hs-CRP ,IL-6 and WBC in the T2DM bloodstream infection group and T2DM non-bloodstream infection group .Methods The clinical data in 85 patients with T2DM bloodstream in-fection (T2DM bloodstream infection group ) and contemporaneous 80 cases of T2DM non-bloodstream infec-tion(T2DM non-bloodstream infection group) in this hospital from January 2013 to July 2016 were retrospec-tively analyzed .The levels of various inflammatory indicators in peripheral blood were analyzed .The receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve of various inflammatory indicators was drawn ,the area under the curve (AUC) and the best cut-off value were calculated .The detection schemes included 24 kinds of schemes such as the single indicator ,2-indicator ,3-indicator and 4-indicator .Results The levels of PCT ,hs-CRP ,IL-6 and WBC in the T2DM bloodstream infection group were significantly higher than those in the T 2DM non-blood-stream infection group ,the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .AUC of PCT ,hs-CRP ,IL-6 and WBC were 0 .909 ,0 .818 ,0 .838 and 0 .760 respectively ,with best cut-off values of 0 .493 ng/mL ,11 .19 ng/mL ,40 .95 pg/mL and 11 .87 × 109/L respectively .The Youden index of PCT was highest (0 .65) and the ac-curacy of IL-6 was highest (83 .33％ ) in the single indicator detection scheme .The Youden index and accuracy of the scheme of PCT/hs-CRP and PCT+hs-CRP+IL-6 were highest in the combined detection scheme .Con-clusion PCT detection has the prominent value in the assisted diagnosis of T 2DM bloodstream infection .Inthe combined detection scheme ,PCT/hs-CRP and PCT+hs-CRP+IL-6 have the highest value in the assisted diagnosis in T2DM bloodstream infection .