Spinal cord injury(SCI) is a serious nervous system trauma,which may consequently lead to various degrees of paralysis and toilet obstacles,and its disability and the high cost heavily burdened the families and community.Therefore,the research on spinal cord tissue regeneration and the repair after injury has important practical significance.A large number of experimental studies have shown that neurotrophic factor plays an important role in the nerve tissue repair process.This article reviews new research progress about the effects of neurotrophic factor in this field.

Objective To analyze the causes of infection after cesarean section.Methods 80 patients having infection after cesarean section from Jan.2008 to Jan.2013 in our hospital were studied.The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.The nosocomial infection-related factors were observed and related factors were ana-lyzed by Logistic regression analysis.Results 80 cases of maternal infection occurs after cesarean section.The highest rate of infection was urinary tract infection and respiratory infection, accounting for 43.75%and 31.25%respectively.We found the possible factors related to infection after cesarean section induding operative time, the number of invasive procedures, premature rupture of membranes, and the use of antibiotics.Conclusions Knowing the factors related to infection and improving the operative skills of gynecologists can help to reduce the rate of infection after cesarean section.

Objective To investigate the clinical festures and CLCN1 gene mutation screen on a myotonia congenital kindred.Methods The clinical data of 22 patients in the myotonia congenital kindred were analysed. Results There were total 68 people in 5 generations, including 24 patients in 4 generations .Both male and female were suffered. All patientes of this kindred showed myotonia with onset the illness from the infant, and 16 cases accompanied with hypermyotrophy.The levels of creatases and dielectric in serum were normal in all the cases. Spontaneous myotonic electric potential were observed on electromyography( EMG ) in 2 cases.The proband was found in light microscope by biopsy that muscle fibers arranged loosenly , size of them mismatched , transverse striation was unclear and some of them was hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Muscle cells degenerated gently with a few inflammatory cells infiltration. No mutation was found in the whole 23 extrons of CLCN1 gene in the 3 patients.Conclusions This kindred accords with the autosomal dominant heredity form Thomsen's disease. The affected numbers have the typical clinical characteristics. No mutation is found when 23 extrons of CLCN1 gene screened in the patients which indicate the genetic heterogeneity may be exist in this kindred.

Objective To investigate the pharmacokinetics of propofol when combined with remifentanil in patients with liver cirrhosis.Methods Ten patients (5 males, 5 females) with liver cirrhosis scheduled for endoscopic esophageal varix ligation (test group) and 10 cases (5 males, 5 females) with normal liver function scheduled for gastroscopy (control group), aged 18-55 yr, weighing 40-75 kg, were studied. The patients were unpremedicated. All the patients received iv injection of propofol 1.5 mg/kg and remifentanil 0.5 μg/kg, and 5 min later propofol 0.5 mg/kg and remifentanil 0.2 μg/kg was given again. Blood samples were taken from radial artery before administration and at 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 80 and 120 min after administration for determination of the plasma propofol concentration using gas chromatography-mass spectrography. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 2.0 software.Results The pharmacokinetics of propofol was best described by a three-compartment open model. There was no significant difference in the distribution half-life, elimination halflife , terminal half-life, area under the curve and transfer rate constant between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05) . The apparent volume of distribution of propofol and clearance were significantly increased in test group compared with control group (P ＜0.01) .Conclusion When propofol combined with remifentanil is used in patients with liver cirrhosis, the apparent volume of distribution of propofol and clearance are significantly increased, while no changes in the other pharmacokinetic parameters are found.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of therapy of budesonide/formoterol powder for inhalation in treatment of adult with bronchial asthma.Methods 90 cases with bronchial asthma and were divided into observation group and control group randomly from February 2014 to February 2015.45 cases in each group.Control group was treated with budesonide inhalants +formoterol inhalants, observation group was given budesonide/formoterol powder inhalation.Changes of related indicators were followed up and recorded.Results After treatment, IL-5, IL-12 and IFN-γwere (60.2 ±9.7)pg/mL,(31.4 ±3.1)pg/mL,(1.6 ±0.2) ng/mL of observation group were better than control group (72.8 ±10.7)pg/mL,(38.5 ± 5.6)pg/mL,(2.3 ±0.3) ng/mL (P<0.05).After treatment,total effective rate in observation group was 68.9%, which was better than control group (48.9%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Clinical effect of budesonide/formoterol powder for inhalation in treatment of patients with bronchial asthma is accurate, and there is no obvious adverse reaction.

Objective: To further investigate the molecular mechanism of photodynamic therapy. Methods: We used cDNA microarray technique to explore the gene expression profiles of HEPG2 cells after photodynamic therapy with hematoperphyrin monomethyl ether(HMME) in HEPG2 cells. After treated with HMME for 60 min, the HEPG2 cells were irradiated with laser, and observed by microscope with H E staining. To prepare the probes, mRNA from both control and treated cells were isolated and purified, then reversely transcribed to cDNA with the incorporation of fluorecent labeled dUTP. The probes were hybridized with a cDNA microarray representing the 1 538 genes originated from human hepatocarcinoma cells. The fluorencent signals of Cy3 and Cy5 were scanned and analyzed. Results: After laser irradiation, the HEPG2 cells showed the typical feature of apoptosis. The gene expression profiles were also changed greatly. Among the 1 538 target genes, 389(2.47%) different expression genes were detected. Most of the changed genes (nearly 80%) were down regulated. They were functionally related to cell proliferation cycle, replication, metabolism and so on. Several apoptosis associated genes were detected among those up regulated genes, encoding the key proteins involved in apoptosis signal transduction, such as CCP32,AIF,Mch2. Conclusion: The HMME photodynamic therapy can initiate the apoptosis process of HEPG2 cells, which may be regulated by mitochondial pathway.[

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for simultaneous determination of propofol and remifentanil concentrations in human plasma.Methods Methods Eighteen healthy volunteers of both sexes,aged 18-45 yr,weighing 52-81 kg,were enrolled in the study.Venous blood samples were collected,and the concentrations of propofol and remifentanil in human plasma were detected simultaneously by HPLC.The internal standard was thymol.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1 mol/L was added to the plasma and then the plasma samples were extracted with extract liquor (ethyl acetate ∶ hexane =4 ∶ 1,V/V).The analytical column was ZORBAX Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm).The mobile phase was methano ∶ 0.02 mol/L NaH2PO4 ∶ acetonitrile,the flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 210 nm within 1-7 min,and 266 nm within 7-16 min,and the sample size was 20 μl.Linear regression analysis was performed by using the least-squares method.The specimens of the blood with the final concentration of remifentanil 1.00,5.00 and 20.00 ng/ml and propofol 0.50,2.00 and 10.00 μg/ml were obtained to determine the recovery,precision and stability.Results Linear regression equation of remifentanil was C=12.853 5Ai/As+0.084 8 (R2 =0.999 4),and this system showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of remifentanil ranged 0.5-40.0 ng/ml.Linear regression equation of propofol was C=8.554 3 Ai/As+0.029 1 (R2=0.998 6),and this system showed a good linear relationship with the concentration of propofol ranged 0.2-20.0 μg/ml.For both propofol and remifentanil concentrations,the relative recovery was within the range of 85％-115％,the absolute recovery was larger than 75％,and the relative standard deviation of intra-and inter-day precision and stability was less than 5％.The method was proved to meet the requirements of biological sample analysis.Conclusion For HPLC method established in this trial,the determination is sensitive,reproducible,rapid and simple,and it can be used for simultaneous determination of propofol and remifentanil concentrations in human plasma and for clinical pharmacokinetic research.

Objective To study the perfusion imaging features of renal cell cancer(RCC) and their correlation with microvessel density(MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) ex-pression status. Methods Dynamic contrast-enhanced multislice spiral CT was performed preopera-tively in 73 cases with histologically proven RCC (65 cases of clear cell carcinoma, 3 of papillary ade-nocarcinoma, and 5 of chromophobic carcinoma). Blood volume (BV), blood flow (BF), mean transit time (MTT), and permeability surface area product (PS) of tumors were recorded. MVD and VEGF expression status were studied by immunohistochemial staining. Results The mean BV, BF, MTT negative in 35 (47.9 %) cases, slightly positive in 24 (32.9 %) cases, moderate positive in 10 (13.7 %) cases, and intensively positive in 4 (5.5 %) cases. MVD of RCC was positively correlated with BV, BF and PS (P<0.01),and negatively correlated with MTT (P<0.05). No relationship was found be-tween the expression of VEGF and perfusion CT parameters. Conclusion Perfusion CT scan is use-ful to evaluate the angiogenesis status of RCC.

Objective To study the treatment effect of multilevel atherosclerotic occlusive disease of lower extremity. Methods From July 2004 to January 2008,intraoperative iliac balloon angioplasty and stenting combined with blood vassel prosthesis or autogenous reversed great saphenous vein bypass were performed on 32 patients suffering from lower extremity multilevel atheresclerotic occlusive disease. Results Surgical procedures were technically successful in all patients. The effect was good,intermittent claudication disappear, and rest pain improved. Preoperative vs postoperative ABI was 0.28±0.14 vs 0.65±0.18 (P<0.05 ).Thirty patients were followed up,the mean following period was 18 months (range of 3-36 months).Conclusions Simultaneous intravaseular interventional therapy combined with vascular bypass are effective in the treatment for patients with severe and multilevel atheroselerotie occlusive disease of lower extremity, the operation is less traumatic and the procedures are easy to do.The result is satisfactory.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Clostridium butyricum tablets in treatment of diarrhea in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis.Methods Eighty-seven patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis and diarrhea were collected from Pujiang People' s Hospital in Zhejiang province during January 2011 and May 2013.According to random number table,patients were divided into Clostridium butyricum treated group (n =44) and control group (n =43).Both groups were given antiviral,liver support,jaundice-relieving and fluid infusion treatments,while patients in Clostridium butyricum group were given Clostridium butyricum tablets (2 tables per time,3 tables per day for 4 weeks) additionally.Diarrhea remission time,improvements in liver function and the complications were observed.Differences in measurement data were compared with t test,and enumeration data were compared with x2 test or rank-sum test.Results The total effective rate in Clostridium butyricum group was 95.45％ (42/44),while that in control group was 74.4％ (32/43) (Z =2.82,P ＜ 0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the improvements of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),total bilirubin (TBil),albumin (Alb) and Child-Pugh (CTP) score in Clostridium butyricum group were more marked than those in control group (t =2.13,2.57,4.83,5.93 and 3.30,P ＜ 0.01).Hepatic encephalopathy occurred in 2 patients in control group and none in Clostridium buayricum group.Conclusion Clostridium butyricum has significant curative effect on diarrhea in patients with hepatitis B-related liver cirrhosis,and it can also improve liver function and reduce the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy.