AIM:To analyze differential proteins associated with the pathogenesis of dry eye(DE)using bioinformatics methods, in order to reveal their potential molecular mechanisms.METHODS: Articles published in PubMed and EMBASE databases from the inception of the database to August 31, 2023, that used proteomic methods to detect protein expression in clinical samples of dry eye were searched. Differential proteins were selected and further analyzed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software for hub gene screening and module analysis. Protein-protein interaction(PPI)analysis, gene ontology(GO)functional annotation, and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis were performed.RESULTS: A total of 21 articles were included, identifying 74 differentially expressed proteins. The most frequently occurring differential proteins were calgranulin A(SA1008), lipocalin-1(LCN1), lysozyme C(LYZ), mammaglobin-B(SCGB2A1), proline-rich protein 4(PRR4), transferrin(TF), and calgranulinB(S100A9). The top 10 hub genes were serum albumin(ALB), tumor necrosis factor(TNF), interleukin 6(IL6), IL1B, IL8, matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9), alpha-1-antitrypsin(SERPINA1), IL10, complement component 3(C3), and lactotransferrin(LTF). Module analysis suggested MMP9 and PRR4 as seed genes. KEGG analysis showed that differential proteins were mainly enriched in the IL17 signaling pathway(61.9%).CONCLUSION: The results reveal potential molecular targets and pathways for DE and confirm the association between the pathogenesis of DE and inflammation. Further in-depth research is needed to confirm the significance of these biomarkers in clinical practice.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of intelligent temperature-pressure-controlled flexible ureteroscopy combined with negative-pressure suction sheath lithotripsy in the treatment of upper urinary tract stones ≤2.5 cm. Methods: The clinical data of 225 patients with ≤2.5 cm upper urinary tract stones treated with this surgical method in our department during Aug. 2023 and Jul. 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the dual-control group (n=36) and conventional group (n=189) according to whether or not the intelligent temperature and pressure control device was used during operation. In the dual-control group，the intraoperative temperature and pressure in the renal pelvis were monitored and controlled in real time by the temperature and pressure sensors distributed at the end of the ureteral soft lens. The perioperative parameters，stone-removal rate，complication rate and renal function were compared between the two groups. Results: All operations were successfully completed in both groups. The postoperative procalcitonin (PCT) level [(22.75±5.85) ng/L vs. (29.08±6.60) ng/L，P=0.001]，difference in the white blood cell (WBC) level [(0.24±2.12)×10 cells/L vs. (1.19±2.17)×10 cells/L，P=0.016]，incidence of fever (2.8% vs. 16.9%，P=0.028) and overall complication rate (5.6% vs. 19.6%，P=0.042) were significantly lower in the dual-control group than in the conventional group，while the stone-clearance rate was slightly higher (88.9% vs. 82.5%，P=0.346)，with no significant difference. Conclusion: For upper urinary tract stones ≤2.5 cm，intelligent temperature-pressure-controlled ureteroscopy combined with negative-pressure suction sheath lithotripsy has a satisfactory stone-removal rate and a low rate of complications，which is worthy of clinical promotion.

To implement the instructions and directives of General Secretary Xi Jinping on important documents related to traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， adhere to the equal emphasis on TCM and Western medicine， and promote mutual complementarity， win-win cooperation， and coordinated development between TCM and Western medicine， the China Association of Chinese Medicine has organized seminars on the clinical dominant diseases of TCM in multiple professional fields， achieving a series of results. The aim is to implement the research on dominant diseases of TCM described in the Law of the People's Republic of China on Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance， Innovation and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine， thus serving the construction of advantageous specialties， clinical talent cultivation， national scientific and technological layout， and academic innovation leadership. In the field of otolaryngology， the China Association of Chinese Medicine and many Chinese and Western medicine experts across the country have conducted multiple in-depth discussions and research. At the 10^th Clinical Dominant Disease Series Youth Salon， they have elaborated and demonstrated the basic and specific suggestions and consensus on the clinical advantages of TCM and integrated TCM and Western medicine in the treatment of allergic rhinitis （AR）， making great progress. However， there is still a lack of detailed research paths. Under the guidance of the China Association of Chinese Medicine and based on the TCM Dominant Disease Series Salon for AR， this study analyzed the difficulties encountered in AR diagnosis and treatment according to the occurrence and development law of AR. Based on the advantages and characteristics of AR diagnosis and treatment by TCM and integrated TCM and Western medicine， it explored the research paradigm and technological layout points of AR and put forward suggestions. The layout involved four aspects： Optimization of the AR diagnosis and treatment system， prevention and control of comorbidities， management of chronic diseases， and a platform for TCM inheritance. Additionally， suggestions for layout and research directions， expected goals and values， and priority levels for funding were proposed. The study is expected to provide a theoretical basis and development ideas for the future prevention and treatment of AR with TCM and integrated TCM and Western medicine and promote the high-quality development of TCM.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of endoscopic-assisted median nerve decompression with one-stage extensor indicis proprius (EIP) tendon transfer for reconstruction of thumb abduction in patients with severe carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). METHODS: The clinical data of 12 patients with severe CTS who met the selection criteria between December 2019 and December 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 2 males and 10 females with an average age of 55.4 years ranging from 35 to 67 years. The symptom duration of CTS was 12-120 months (mean, 48.7 months) and the thenar muscle atrophy duration was 6-48 months (mean, 13.4 months). The median nerve was released with the help of endoscope, and the EIP tendon was transferred to reconstruct the abduction function of the thumb. The operation time and complications were recorded. Two-point discrimination, palmar abduction angle of the thumb, radial abduction angle of the thumb, and pinch force of the thumb were measured and compared before operation and at last follow-up, and the effectiveness was evaluated by Kapandji score and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) score. The satisfaction of the operation was evaluated at last follow-up. RESULTS: All surgeries were successfully completed with a mean operation time of 54 minutes (range, 45-68 minutes). All patients were followed up 6-50 months, with an average of 15.3 months. There was no complications such as wound infection, scar pain of wrist, or tendon rupture of transposition, and there were 3 cases of mild limitation of finger extension in the donor site of index finger. At last follow-up, two-point discrimination, palmar abduction angle of the thumb, radial abduction angle of the thumb, Kapandji score, and DASH score were significantly better than those before operation ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in thumb pinch force between pre- and post-operation ( P>0.05). The evaluation of surgical satisfaction showed that 7 cases were very satisfied and 5 cases were satisfied. CONCLUSION The combination of endoscopic-assisted median nerve decompression and one-stage EIP tendon transfer effectively improves hand function and quality of life in patients with severe CTS by restoring thumb abduction and alleviating neurological symptoms.
Humans ; Tendon Transfer/methods* ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome/physiopathology* ; Female ; Decompression, Surgical/methods* ; Aged ; Adult ; Thumb/physiopathology* ; Endoscopy/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Median Nerve/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome ; Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods*

In this paper, the technical basis and latest progress of X-ray tube for CT systems are introduced, with emphasis on material innovation, superconducting technology, liquid metal bearing, low dose scanning and electron beam filtration. As the core component of CT equipment, the technological innovation of CT X-ray tubes significantly improves image quality, reduces radiation dose, improves efficiency, and extends the service life of the X-ray tubes. Domestic and foreign manufacturers have made remarkable progress in the field of CT X-ray tubes. Domestic manufacturers, such as the 12th Institute of CLP, have made important progress in the development of CT X-ray tubes, and successfully achieved independent research and development of high-end CT X-ray tubes. Foreign manufacturers such as Siemens, GE, Philips and other manufacturers continue to innovate in liquid metal bearings, superconducting technology, new targets and other aspects to maintain technology leadership. In the future, CT X-ray tubes will develop in the direction of personalization, intelligence, long life, miniaturization and portability, providing more accurate and low-risk technical support for medical image diagnosis.
Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation* ; Equipment Design

The cardioprotective effects of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDIs) are at odds with the deleterious effects of HDAC depletion. Here, we use HDAC3 as a prototype HDAC to address this contradiction. We show that adult-onset cardiac-specific depletion of HDAC3 in mice causes cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction on a high-fat diet (HFD), excluding developmental disruption as a major reason for the contradiction. Genetically abolishing HDAC3 enzymatic activity without affecting its protein level does not cause cardiac dysfunction on HFD. HDAC3 depletion causes robust downregulation of lipid oxidation/bioenergetic genes and upregulation of antioxidant/anti-apoptotic genes. In contrast, HDAC3 enzyme activity abolishment causes much milder changes in far fewer genes. The abnormal gene expression is cardiomyocyte-autonomous and can be rescued by an enzyme-dead HDAC3 mutant but not by an HDAC3 mutant (Δ33-70) that lacks interaction with the nuclear-envelope protein lamina-associated polypeptide 2β (LAP2β). Tethering LAP2β to the HDAC3 Δ33-70 mutant restored its ability to rescue gene expression. Finally, HDAC3 depletion, not loss of HDAC3 enzymatic activity, exacerbates cardiac contractile functions upon aortic constriction. These results suggest that the cardiac function of HDAC3 in adults is not attributable to its enzyme activity, which has implications for understanding the cardioprotective effects of HDIs.

Digital technologies have become an integral part of complete denture restoration. With advancement in computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM), tools such as intraoral scanning, facial scanning, 3D printing, and numerical control machining are reshaping the workflow of complete denture restoration. Unlike conventional methods that rely heavily on clinical experience and manual techniques, digital technologies offer greater precision, predictability, and efficacy. They also streamline the process by reducing the number of patient visits and improving overall comfort. Despite these improvements, the clinical application of digital complete denture restoration still faces challenges that require further standardization. The major issues include appropriate case selection, establishing consistent digital workflows, and evaluating long-term outcomes. To address these challenges and provide clinical guidance for practitioners, this expert consensus outlines the principles, advantages, and limitations of digital complete denture technology. The aim of this review was to offer practical recommendations on indications, clinical procedures and precautions, evaluation metrics, and outcome assessment to support digital restoration of complete denture in clinical practice.
Humans ; Denture, Complete ; Computer-Aided Design ; Denture Design/methods* ; Consensus ; Printing, Three-Dimensional

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of arthroscopy combined with cubital tunnel expansion and plasty in the treatment of patients with elbow osteoarthritis and cubital tunnel syndrome.Methods A total of 101 patients with elbow osteoarthritis and cubital tunnel syndrome who were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics,Cangzhou Hospital of Integrated TCM-WM Hebei from September 2020 to August 2023 were selected as the research subjects.According to different surgical methods,the patients were divided into an observation group(n=51)and a control group(n=50).The surgical method in the observation group was arthroscopy combined with cubital tunnel expansion and plasty,and the surgical method in the control group was conventional cubital tunnel expansion and plasty.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,and complications were observed and recorded for both groups.The mayo elbow performance score(MEPS)was used to assess elbow function,the activities of daily living(ADL)scale was used to evaluate daily living ability,and the visual analogue scale(VAS)was used to assess pain levels preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively.Elbow range of motion,including pronation,supination,and flexion-extension,was measured using a goniometer.Nerve recovery was evaluated by measuring compound muscle action potential(CMAP)of the abductor digiti minimi,ulnar nerve conduction velocity(NCV),and motor evoked potential latency(MEPLP)using a Keypoint electromyography device.Results The operation time and length of hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group,and the intraoperative blood loss and complications were significantly less than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Before operation,there were no statistically significant differences in MEPS scores,ADL scores and VAS scores between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05);6 months after operation,the MEPS scores and ADL scores of patients in the observation group were signifi-cantly higher than those in the control group,and the VAS scores were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Before operation,there were no statistically significant differences in pronation,supination and flexion-extension between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05);6 months after operation,the pronation,supination and flexion-extension of patients in the two groups were significantly higher than those before operation(P＜0.05),but there were no statistically significant differences in pronation,supination and flexion-extension between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05).Before operation,there were no statistically significant differences in CMAP,NCV and MEPLP between the observation group and the control group(P＞0.05);6 months after operation,the CMAP and NCV of patients in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group,and the MEPLP ratio was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Conventional cubital tunnel expansion and plasty and arthroscopy combined with cubital tunnel expansion and plasty can improve the range of motion of the elbow in patients with elbow osteoar-thritis and cubital tunnel syndrome,but the latter features less damage and faster recovery,is better in improving elbow function and daily living ability,reducing pain,and adjusting electromyographic examination indicators,and has fewer complications.

Objective To explore the value of non-contrast CT findings of acute ischemic stroke(AIS)for predicting early prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy.Methods Data of 161 AIS patients from clinical center 1 who underwent mechanical thrombectomy were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into training set(n=113)and internal test set(n=48)at the ratio of 7∶3,while 79 AIS patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy from clinical center 2 were retrospectively enrolled as external test set.According to the National Institutes of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)scores 7 days after thrombectomy,patients'prognosis were classified as good(＜15 points)or poor(≥15 points).Pre-treatment non-contrast CT images of patients were reviewed,and CT findings were comparatively analyzed.Independent predictors of patients'early prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy were obtained with sequential univariate and multivariate logistic regressions,and a predicting model was established and visualized as a nomogram.The receiver operating characteristic curve was drawn,and the distinction was assessed with the area under the curve(AUC),then calibration was assessed with Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test,and the net benefit was evaluated with decision curve analysis(DCA).Results Alberta stroke program early CT score(ASPECTS),hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign(HMCAS)and basal ganglia calcification were all independent predictors of early prognosis of AIS after mechanical thrombectomy(all P＜0.05).The predictive model was established combining the above 3 variables and then visualized as a nomogram to predict prognosis of AIS after mechanical thrombectomy,with AUC of 0.776 in internal test set(χ2=6.052,P=0.417)and 0.800 in external test set(χ2=2.269,P=0.811).DCA showed that the nomogram might provide clinical net benefit within certain threshold probability ranges.Conclusion ASPECTS,HMCAS and basal ganglia calcification were all independent predictors of early prognosis of AIS after mechanical thrombectomy.The nomogram originated from predicting model combining the three could be used to somewhat accurately predict poor early prognosis after mechanical thrombectomy.