Objective To study the association of sex, body mass index and insulin resistance with serum leptin in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods one hundred and eight patients were divided into two groups according to BMI: diabetic obese group and diabetic normal BMI group.Their weight and height were measured. Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),fasting true insulin(FTI),postprandial true insulin(PTI),and fasting serum leptin(LEP) were also measured. ISI=1/(FPG?FTI) as insulin sensitivity index were used to analyse the relation between leptin and insulin resistance. Results ⑴The serum leptin,body mass index,FTI and PTI were significantly higher in diabetic obese group than diabetic normal BMI group. ISI was significantly lower in diabetic obese group than diabetic normal BMI group. ⑵Female serum leptin levels were significantly higher than male serum leptin levels in diabetic obese group and diabetic normal BMI group. ⑶Fasting leptin was correlated with sex. Leptin was positively corrected with body mass index,FTI and was negatively corrected with ISI. Serum leptin wasn't correlated with FPG. Conclusin Serum leptin level is associated with sex,BMI and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Objective To explore the influence of allergic rhinitis (AR) on patients with systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SoJIA).Methods The study involved 44 cases with SoJIA from Department of Pediatrics,Renji Hospital affiliated to School of Medicine of Shanghai Jiaotong University from July 2008 to November 2013.The Clinical and laboratory data of all patients were recorded respectively.This was a retrospective cohort study.According to the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis (AR),children were subdivided into AR group (16 cases) and Non-AR group (28 cases).ACR Pediatric criteria (ACR Pedi) 30/ 50/70 and related indicators of SoJIA between the two groups were compared.In the AR group,the correlation between AR scores and DAS28 was analyzed.When SoJIA of the two groups relapsed,the AR group (the treatment group) received anti-rheumatism for arthritis as well as nasal spray and oral antihistamines for AR.The non-AR group (control group) only received the anti-rheumatism for arthritis.The improvement of SoJIA between the two groups was analyzed.The continuous variables were analyzed by Student's t-test or the MannWhitney U-test as appropriate.Categorical data were compared between different groups by the Chi-square test.Correlations were determined by Pearson or Spearman's ranking.Results ① In the retrospective analysis:the physician's and patients'/parents' general assessment on a 10 cm visual-analogue scale (VAS),number of joints with res-triction of movement,number of swollen joints,ESR,serum ferritin(SF) and childhood health assessment questionnaire (CHAQ) score were significantly elevated in the AR group compared with Non-AR group at the disease onset [(6.7±1.0) cm vs (4.8±1.9) cm; (6.5±1.4) cm vs (3.2±1.5) cm; 4.1±2.7 vs 2.7± 1.7; 3.4±2.4 vs 1.4±1.5; (87±35) mm/1 h vs (61±40) mm/1 h; (888±1 043) μg/L vs (311±324) μg/L; 1.6±0.5 vs 0.7±0.3,respectively; all P＜0.05].At the 3 and 6 months follow-up after disease onset,the proportion of patients who reached ACR pedi 50,70 in AR group were lower than the Non-AR group,while the cumulative glucocorticoid dose was higher in the AR group than that of those without AR [at 3 months 38％ vs 71％; 13％ vs 46％; (76±35) mg/kg vs (43±36) mg/kg,respectively; at 6 months 25％ vs 71％; 19％ vs 64％; 127±57 vs 67±58,respectively,all P＜0.05]; In the AR group,at the disease onset,3 and 6 months follow-up after disease onset,the scores of AR was positively correlated with DAS28(r=0.741,0.703,0.680,respectively; all P＜0.05).② In the prospective study:when SoJIA was relapsed,systemic feature score,the physician's and patients' /parents' general assessment on a l0 cm VAS,number of joints with restriction of movement,number of swollen joints,ESR,SF and CHAQ score were significantly elevated in the treatment group compared with the control group [3.8±1.5 vs 2.1±1.1; (5.6±1.5) cm vs (4.5±1.6) cm; (4.6±1.9) cm vs (3.1±1.5)cm; 3.9±1.9 vs 2.5±1.4; 2.4±0.9 vs 1.5±1.2; 92±27 vs 53±37; 565(339,1 192) μg/L vs 171(85,284) μg/L; 13(0.8,1.6) vs 0.7(0.5,1); respectively; P＜0.05].The improvement rate of the physician's and patients'/parents' general assessment on a 10 cm VAS,number of swollen joints,number of joints with restriction of movement,ESR and CHAQ score at the follow-up 3 months were higher in treatment group than the control group [71(55,86)％ vs 46(0,75)％; 67(45,81)％ vs 28(-4,62)％; 92(77,96)％ vs 70(27,88)％; 65(48,81)％ vs 0(-17,67)％; 100(46,100)％ vs 42(0,100)％; 67(49,85)％ vs 37(0,75)％; P＜0.05].At the follow-up 6 months,the improvement rate of ESR,patients'/ parents' general assessment on a 10 cm VAS,number of joints with restriction of movement and CHAQ score were higher than control group [94(85,96)％ vs 73(33,85)％; 89(65,99)％ vs 63(5,85)％; 100(100,100)％ vs 100(0,100)％; 91(69,100)％ vs 72(11,91)％; respectively,P＜0.05].Conclusion AR may exert an adverse influence on SoJIA.SoJIA patients who are treated with combined with AR may have better outcome than those who are only treated for arthritis.

Objective:To investigate the articulation characteristics of /n/ and /l/ consonant disorder and seek for a therapy method.Methods:Listening judge and sound examine were used to investigate the category and /n/ and /l/ consonant's word groups and sentences for 16 patients.Chinese articulation and articulation pathology study were conducted.The new method of articulation therapy including tongue movement training, articulation training of consonant /n/ and /l/.The therapy was performed 3 times a week, 40 min for each time. Results:After treatment the speech intelligibility of the 16 patients increased from 75.8% to 98.8%, /n/ and /l/ consonant's intelligibility increased from 45.0% to 98.1%.Conclusions:The therapy is effective in the improvement of speech intelligibility,especially in articulation of consonant /n/ and /l/.

Aim To explore the effects of hypertension on the contractibility of rat basilar artery and its inter-actions with the sodium pump activity.Methods The basilar artery was respectively isolated from Wistar and SHR rats,and the isometric tension of arterial rings was measured by Multi Myograph System-610M.The cont-ractibilities of arterial rings induced by KCl or 5-HT were compared between the basilar arteries of the two groups of rats to analyze the effect of hypertension on the cerebral vascular tension and the activity of sodium pump.Results In SHR rats,the concentration-re-sponse curves of the contraction of isolated basilar ar-tery rings induced by KCl and 5-HT were significantly shifted to right,and the relaxation of vascular tone in-duced by K+which was reintroduced from the external was attenuated compared with those in the WR.These results suggested that hypertension could significantly decrease the activity of the sodium pump and the con-tractile responses of KCl and 5-HT.OUA could con-tract the basilar artery in a concentration-dependent manner,and its concentration-response curve was opti-mally fitted by a two-site binding model:Kd was 1.7 ×10 -8 and 1.6 ×10 -5 mol·L-1,respectively.The results indicated that the two different function sodium pumps existed in the rat basilar artery:one with the high OUA affinity and the other with the low OUA af-finity.If the high and low affinity sodium pumps were inhibited by 5 ×10 -7 and 10 -4 mol · L-1 OUA,re-spectively,the concentration-response curves of KCl and 5-HT would shift to left in SHR rats but not in WR rats.It suggested that OUA could enhance the contrac-tion induced by KCl and 5-HT significantly,and a concentration-dependent effect was observed in the SHR vascular contraction induced by 5-HT (r =0.9393 ,P<0.05 ).When the two concentrations of OUA were applied,there was no significant difference in the shift left of the concentration-response curves in-duced by KCl in the SHR cerebral vessels.However, the marked difference was shown in the shift left in-duced by 5-HT.The results implied that only the high affinity sodium pump was involved in the contractile re-sponse of SHR cerebral vascular to KCl,whereas,the contractile response of SHR cerebral vascular to 5-HT was induced by both high and low affinity sodium pumps.Conclusion Hypertension could lower the contractile response of the basilar artery to vasocon-strictors,and the mechanism might relate to the de-creased sensitivity of the sodium pump induced by hy-pertension or the increased sensibility of the sodium pump to OUA.

Objective To find out a treatment with high remission rate,long living period,and a good quality of life for elderly patients with multiple myeloma.Methods All patients were recruited into a treatment group(treated with traditional Chinese medicine,routine chemotherapy,and thalidomide)and a comparison group(treated with traditional Chinese medicine and routine chemotherapy).Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 71.4%,higher than the comparison group(38.5%),but showing 110 statistical difference(P=0.128＞0.05).Median survive time of two groups were 21.8 months and 12 months respectively,(P=0.001＜0.01).The survival rate of 3 years and 5 years were 28.6%,15.4%and 7.1%,0 in the two groups respectively,without significant difference(0.317,1.000,both P＞0.05).Conclusion The treatment group showed higher results in both complete remission rate(CR)and very good partial remission rate(VGPR)than the comparison group,demonstrating a better results in improving the patient's quality of life.The treatment group also had a higher value of the median survive time and the median progression-free surial time than the comparison group.The combined therapy of traditional Chinese medicine,routine chemotherapy and thalidomide is an ideal choice for both aged Patients or young MM patients who had no transplant conditions.

Objective To explore the effect of Sunset Abelmoschus on podocyte injury in adriamycin-induced nephropathy rats.Methods Fifty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:sham operation group (n=10),model group (n=10),Sunset Abelmoschus low dose group (0.5 g·kg-1· d-1 n=10),middle dose group (1.0 g· kg-1· d-1,n=10) and high dose group (2.0 g· kg-1· d-1,n=10).Unilateral nephrectomy combined repeated adriamycin injection were performed to establish adriamycininduced nephropathy models.The rats were administered with the corresponding dose of Sunset Abelmoschus during the experiment period.Urinary protein,urinary N-acetyl glucose aminotransferase (NAG),serum albumin,serum creatinine and blood lipid were measured before operation and 2,4,6,8 weeks after operation.The rats were sacrificed on week 8 for the renal histological examination,including light microscope and electron microscope.Expression of nephrin was examined by immunofluorescence assays.Results As compared to model group,urinary protein and NAG significantly decreases in Sunset Abelmoschus groups in each time point,especially in high dose group (P＜0.01),meanwhile the serum albumin increased and the disturbance of lipid metabolism was improved in Sunset Abelmoschus groups (P＜0.05).Compared with sham group,Scr increased significantly in model group and Sunset Abelmoschus groups at the 4th week.At the 8th week,Scr in high dose group was lower than that in model group (P＜0.05),and the ratio of glomerular globe sclerosis and segmental sclerosis,tubulointerstitial damage reduced in Sunset Abelmoschus groups,especially in high dose group.The podocyte damage and the extent of foot process fusion were improved in Sunset Abelmoschus groups compared with model group.Expression of nephrin increased in Sunset Abelmoschus groups than that in model group.Conclusion Sunset Abelmoschus can ameliorate proteinuria and renal tissue damage of adriamycin-induced nephropathy rats,whose mechanism may be associated with the improvement of podocyte injury.

BACKGROUND: The effect of Chinese traditional medicine 3'-meisoindigo as well as indimbin derivatives on normal immunocytes is less reported while it is used for antitumor.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of 3'-meisoindigo on the proliferation of the splenocytes and thymocytes of C56BL/6 mouse.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized cytopathology observation was performed between August 2007 and January 2008 at Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.MATERIALS: C57BL/6 mice, clean, male, 6-8 weeks old, weighing (20±2) g.METHODS: The thymus gland and the spleen of C57BL/6 mice were ground to get the single-cell suspension and cells were treated by 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 μ mol/L 3'-meisoindigo,respectively. Cells without any drug treatment were used as blank control and cells treated by concanavalin A were used as positive control.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Proliferation of splenocytes and thymocytes detected using MTT method; IL-12 activity in culture supematant detected using ELISA method; the cell cycle, apoptosis rate, cell death rate and intracellular reactive oxygen species level detected using flow cytometry; the mRNA level of bcl-2 and cdk2 detected using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; the expression rate of Bcl-2, CDK2 and Bax detected using fluorescence microscope.RESULTS: After treating for 24 hours, 15, 20 and 25 μ mol/L 3'-meisoindigo can significantly inhibit the proliferation of thymocytes and splenocytes (P < 0.05) and the inhibition was dose-dependent and time-dependent. Cells resumed proliferation after removing the 3'-meisoindigo, although they had been treated by 25 μ mol/L 3'-meisoindigo for 72 hours. The secretion of IL-12 was markedly reduced in all 3'-meisoindigo groups versus control groups at each time point (P < 0.05). 15 μ mol/L 3'-meisoindigo could decrease the mRNA expression level of apoptosis-related protein bcl-2 and cyclin cdk2 gene, decrease the expression level of BCL-2 protein and CDK protein, increase Bax expression level, decrease Bcl-2/Bax ratio markedly and started apoptosis.15 μ mol/L 3'-meisoindigo arrested cells in the G2/M stage of the thymocytes and splenocytes, and intracellular reactive oxygen species level elevated dose-dependently and time-dependently.CONCLUSION: In certain concentration range, 3'-meisoindigo can reversibly inhibit the proliferation of thymocytes and splenocytes of C57BL/6 mouse and can inhibit IL-12 secretion in parallel, and start apoptosis.

Objective To explore the best time period of pulse oximetry in congenital heart disease (CHD) screening. Methods Totally 5433 newborns delivered or treated in Ningbo Women and Children’s hospital were enrolled in the study. Cardiac color ultrasound was used to arrive diagnosis and every screening time period (0?~?24 h、24 h?~?48 h、48 h?~?72 h) was analysed. Results Among the three time periods: the sensibility was in the range of 54.72%?~?67.92%, specificity was 99.11%?~?99.61%, false negative rate was 32.08%?~?43.40%, false positive rate was 0.39%?~?0.89%, Youden index was 0.54?~?0.68, coincidence rate was 98.67?~?99.30, and kappa was 0.44?~?0.65. Conclusion The best screening time is the period between 48h and 72 h after birth.

Objective To investigate how to improve the survival rate,and to avoid the serious complications in fat grafting.Methods Under comprehensive design of facial filling area,the fat was harvested by concentration in mesh;under the micro autologous fat transplantation gun with blunt needle injection technique,the fat was filled into the face to achieve the effect of improving the facial contour and the rejuvenation.From June 2014 to July 2015,78 patients with facial contour and facial soft tissue relaxation depression were treatment by the technique.Results The follow-up of 2 months to 1 year showed that 64 patients had the soft,young,significantly enhanced facial contour;7 patients had second times grafts and the remaining were satisfied.7 patients gave up the second times grafts because the other reasons.The surgical complications such as facial nerve injury and infection and embolism were not seen.Conclusions This technique by comprehensive design and purification of autogenous fat granules achieves a better effect on facial rejuvenation with fewer complications.

Objective To design an auxiliary measurement device for anterior cruciate ligament injury in order to improve the accuracy of specialist examination and postoperative functional assessment.Methods The device consisted of a main frame and support pads,which was designed based on the principles of anatomopathology and mechanical mechanics.The frame was set above and paralleled to the tibia,and the measurement scale was put at the vertical direction of the frame.The support pads were fixed to the tibia and patella respectively to execute auxiliary measurement by providing opposite acting force.Results The success rate of preliminary diagnosis by the device was higher than that by traditional method.Conclusion The device gains advantages in convenience,practicality,low cost and etc,and is worthy promoting in the orthopedics department.