Objective To explore the phenotypic characteristics of T lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood (PB) of Patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods forty-seven patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and 36 health control were selected as our subjects.The patients were divided into definite Diagnosis AS group and potential AS group according to symptom and X-ray,flow cytometry was applied to measure T lymphocyte subsets and HLA-B27 of peripheral blood.At the same time,the levels of ESR,CRP and IgA were also measured.The correlation between T lymphocyte subsets and CRP HLA-B27,IgA level was analyzed.Results There was no significant difference between The definite diagnosis AS patients and healthy controls regarding of the percentages of CD3 + cells in peripheral blood,However the percentage of CD4 + cells in definite diagnosis AS patients was significantly increased than that of healthy controls (P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + cells was 3.80 ± 0.28 in AS patients,higher than that of potential AS patients.T lymphocyte subsets were showed an increase tendency as the increase the level of CRP,IgA.Conclusion Lower CD8 + cell and higher CD4 + cell were showed in the peripheral blood of AS patients,which was correlated with the disease activity and suggesting T cells might be involved in the pathogenesis process of AS.Meanwhile our data indicated that the immune response might be a susceptible factor of AS and early detection of T lymphocyte subsets might provide a diagnosis and treatment basis for diagnosis of AS.Therefore the disorder of T lymphocyte subsets might play an important role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective To investigate the cataract patients' awareness on the cataract diseases, treatment and major obstacles for patients to seek eye care. Design Prospective cross-sectional study. Participants All 251 patients in Jiangyan county were screened by the group of eye diseases selection in 6 months for cataract treatment performed by prevention blind surgery group. Methods Patients accepted surveys before operation. The patient's awareness questionnaire was developed in Aravind Eye Hospital, India. Main outcome measures Awareness of eye disease, awareness of treatment, obstacles of therapy and false treatment. Results 89.6% of patients were aware of the occurrence of eye disease for more than 1 year. However, it was only 0.12% of patients when they realized that their eye diseases could be treated more than 1 year,the time less than 6 months was 31.9%,and the time less than 1 month was 65.7%. The major obstacles for seeking eye care were still able to see a little, economic reason, no demand for operation, short of belief for the operation, etc. Conclusions It's high necessary and imperative to educate patient the knowledge of eye health and care. Developing economy is the radical measure in a long run to improve the cataract surgical rate (CSR) in our country. Low price service and high quality surgery is the key of improving CSR at present.

BACKGROUND: Transfection is the most important beginning component of research about gene function. It is a problem to find a transfection agent with high efficiency and safety. Nanosized materials have high surface activity, are easy to be modified and easier to pass the biomembrane. Researchers are studying how to use nanosized materials as a transfection agent.OBJECTIVE: To study the transfection efficiency of different basic polymers with different molecular mass and degree of substitute, and to find the optimized transfection agent.DESIGN: Controlled study.SETTING: Institute of Genetic Engineering, Southern Medical University.METHODS: This study was performed in the Institute of Genetic Engineering, Southern Medical University from March 2006 to June 2007. Using the lipofectamine reagent as the positive control, we transfected siRNA (0.2 nmol/L), FITC-labeling targeting bcl-2, by nine nanometers (polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid, chitosan-poly-caprolactone, polyethyleneimin-macrogol) into leukemic cell K562 cultured without serum. Six hours post-transfection, 20% FBS serum was added. The cell proliferation was measured at 24, 48 and 72 hours by using the MTT method. After transfecting for 48 hours, the cells were collected to detect transfection ratio by using fluorescent microscopy, apoptosis ratio and expression of K562 and bcl-2 protein by flow cytometer (FCM). RESULTS: ① Fluorescence microscope detection showed there were significant differences of transfection efficiency between different materials (P < 0.05). Moreover there were statistical differences between different degrees of substitute, although they were the same material (P < 0.05). ② MTT method indicated the cell proliferation ratio was positively related to transfection ratio. ③ Flow cytometry results showed the suppression of expression of targeting gene and apoptosis ratio were positive correlated with transfection ratio. CONCLUSION:The nanometer poly-ethylene glycol combined with poly-ethylene imine (PEG-PEI), whose molecular mass is 1 800/2 000 and degree of substitute is 29%, has a high efficiency and low toxicity.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the present situation of scientific research of clinical pharmacists in domestic third-grade class A hospitals,and discuss its feasible research ideas. METHODS:Questionnaire was conducted for the scientific research situa-tion of clinical pharmacists who obtained the certification in domestic 63 third-grade class A hospitals,the questionnaire data was collected,and data was statistically analyzed by using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 315 questionnaires were sent out,282 were effectively received,with effective recovery of 89.52%. In terms of attitude to scientific research,propor-tion of the surveyed clinical pharmacists who thought it was quite necessary and necessary was more than 70%;except for academ-ic degree(P<0.05),the different gender,age and job title did not cause the differences in scientific research attitude(P>0.05). In terms of the present situation of scientific research,achievements of them were relatively simple,thinking the biggest difficulty was insufficient of experiment condition;there was significant difference in the numbers of authorized patents in recent 5 years by different gender (P<0.05),the numbers of applications for approved funds,authorized patents and paper published in recent 5 years by different academic degrees(P<0.05),as well as the numbers of applications for approved off-campus funds(title also re-lated to the number of hospital funds)and the numbers of paper published in domestic magazine in recent 5 years by different ages and job titles (P<0.05). In terms of direction of scientific research,most of surveyed clinical pharmacists thought they should strengthen communicate with physicians and look for the breakthrough point,they also thought the optimal one was clinical re-search;the direction selection was basically similar no matter the gender,academic degree,age and job title(P>0.05). In terms of ability enhancement,the surveyed pharmacists thought liter-ature review,evidence-based literature/experimental interpreta-tion and foreign language reading were the abilities most need to be enhanced;except for gender,academic degree,age andjob title showed similarity in enhancing the literature review,evidence-based literature/experimental interpretation ability (P>0.05),while there were significant differences in enhancing foreign language reading ability by different gender,academic degree, age and job title (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Clinical pharmacists show certain differences in the attitude to scientific research, present situation and direction of scientific research,and ability enhancement because of different gender,academic degree,age and job title,but there are also common. In order to improve the competence of scientific research and promote the discipline devel-opment of clinical pharmacy,pharmacy administrator in hospital should improve the academic degree and job title on clinical phar-macists and provide necessary advanced scientific platform and pertinent training at the same time. Additionally,except for the ratio-nal drug use,evidence-based pharmacy and pharmacoeconomics,clinical pharmacists can find new breakthrough point from phar-maceutical care,drug treatment decisions,translational medicine and medicine large data.

After Human Gene Project, studying the kinetics of DNA translocation through a nanopore, and developing a novel fast DNA sequencing technology by using nanopore have become one of the hot in gene-research). This contribution provides an overview of nanopore macromolecular identification,including bionanopore and solid-state nanopore, while the perspective of these research are also summarized.

RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunofluorescence were used to examine secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine(SPARC)mRNA and protein expression in adipose tissue of rats. The results showed that the expression levels of SPARC mRNA and protein in adipose tissue of insulin resistant rats were higher than those of the normal ones(all P＜0.01). SPARC may play a role in the negative feedback regulation duning the development of insulin resistance.

Objective To evaluate the effect of the difficult embryo transfer on the clinical pregnancy outcome of in vitro fertili-zation-embryo transfer(IVF-ET) .Methods There were 209 fresh cycles of difficultly transferring and 2 489 fresh cycles of easily embryo transferring between January 2011 and December 2012 .The clinical outcome was compared .Results There were statistical-ly significant differences in the catheter blood staining rates (51 .20% vs 27 .68% ,P< 0 .05) ,implantation rate(31 .14% vs 35 . 54% ,P<0 .05) ,and clinical pregnancy rate (46 .41% vs 55 .56% ,P<0 .05)between the two groups .There was no significant difference in the rates of ectopic pregnancy and miscarriage between the two groups (P>0 .05) .Conclusion Difficulty ET will in-fluence the clinical pregnancy .Therefore ,all efforts should be made to avoid the difficult transfer in order to increase the pregnant rate .

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of continuous language rehabilitation nursing on the language function in patients with stroke motor aphasia. Methods A total of 60 motor aphasia patients with a brain stroke were recruited and divided into experimental group and control group with 30 cases each by random digits table method. The control group was treated with the routine stroke care in traditional Chinese medicine, while the experimental group with the continuing language rehabilitation nursing base on the routine stroke care. The language function of both groups were detected by the Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Standard Aphasia Examination before and after 3 months treatment, and a survey of nursing satisfaction of patients when discharged was conducted. Results The right rate of hear and understand, retelling, say, read aloud, reading comprehension, transcription, description, dictation, calculation in the Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Standard Aphasia Examination was (44.35 ± 18.69), (32.37 ± 22.25), (21.49 ± 14.91), (27.63 ± 12.54), (46.87 ± 15.30), (14.25 ± 6.11), (7.33±3.23), (11.63±4.82), (18.93±6.82)%before the treatment and (62.14±10.81), (55.36±19.53), (41.42 ± 13.75), (59.16 ± 11.05), (55.57 ± 13.90), (32.39 ± 7.12), (9.73 ± 3.92), (27.45 ± 4.71), (37.46 ± 6.91)%after the treatment in the experimental group, except for description, the differences were significant ( t=2.096-14.540, P<0.01 or 0.05). The right rate of hear and understand, retelling, say, read aloud, reading comprehension, transcription, description, dictation, calculation in the Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center Standard Aphasia Examination was (43.86±15.89), (34.28±20.27), (22.84±15.40), (28.63±12.45), (47.23±11.30), (13.40±6.24), (7.27±3.70), (11.10±4.73), (19.50±6.80)%before the treatment and (49.46± 14.27), (42.36±20.58), (30.33±13.36), (40.31±11.88), (49.97±10.13), (15.37±5.59), (8.50±3.74), (12.83± 4.36), (21.47 ± 7.74)% after the treatment in the control group, the differences of hear and understand, retelling, say, read aloud were significant (t=2.263-3.991, P<0.05 or 0.01). There were significant differences in hear and understand, retelling, say, read aloud, transcription, dictation, calculation after the treatment between two groups (t=2.510-10.298, all P<0.05). The score of satisfaction was (94.36 ± 5.55) in the experimental group and (88.25 ± 5.46) points in the control group, and there was significant difference (t=4.299, P<0.01). Conclusions Continuing language rehabilitation nursing can improve the recovery of the language function of the motor aphasia patients with a brain stroke.

Objective To study the expression of chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) in breast cancer and metastatic axillary nodes and the frequency of polymorphism CCR5-△32,and its effect on breast cancer metastasis.Methods Specimens were collected from Aug.2008 to Jun.2009 in Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery,Liaocheng People's Hospital.The relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR),and polymorphism CCR5-△32 was tested by DNA electrophoresis.The data was processed by SPSS software.Results 1.The relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues than in paracarcinoma tissues(P ＜ 0.01)and breast fibroadenoma tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The difference of relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA had statistical significance between breast cancer tissues in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P ＜ 0.05 ),but not between breast fibroadenoma tissues and paracarcinoma tissues(P ＞0.05).2.The relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA was significantly higher in metastatic axillary nodes than in nonmetastatic nodes (P ＜ 0.05 ).3.Polymorphism CCR5-△32 wasn't found in any specimen.4.The relative expression of CCR5 mRNA had connection with breast oncogene C-erbB-2 and whether there was axillary lymph node metastasis,but no connection with other immunological and biochemical indicators.Conclusions CCR5 mRNA is significantly higher expressed in breast cancer and metastatic axillary nodes.The interaction between CCR5 and its ligands promotes the progress of breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis.CCR5 can be taken as a molecular indicator to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer and provides new targert for clinical therapy.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of 102 children with protracted bacterial bronchitis in Qingdao area.Methods:One hundred and two children with protracted bacterial bronchitis treated at respiratory clinic of Women and Children′s Hospital affiliated to Qingdao University from January 2016 to March 2021 were included in this study.The clinical data, age and seasonal distribution, etiology, clinical manifestations, high-resolution CT of the lungs, characteristics of lung function, bronchoscopy and treatment prognosis were retrospectively analized.Results:The top three pathogens of protracted bacterial bronchitis in 102 children (55 boys, 47 girls, median age: 1.7 (0.8, 4.2)years were Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis, with frequency of 12.75%, 10.78%, and 6.86%, respectively.The onset season was mainly autumn and winter, with a total of 73 (71.57%) cases.The main clinical manifestations were wet cough and (or) wheezing, and the cough was not divided between day and night.CT of the lungs showed thickening of the bronchial wall in 16(15.69%) cases and uneven ventilation in 5(4.90%) cases.Twenty-three (22.55%) cases had abnormal lung function.Fifty-two (50.98%) cases underwent bronchoscopy, of which 33(32.35%) cases had multiple lung segmental purulent changes under the microscope.After standard anti-infection, bronchoscopy and alveolar lavage, expectorant and physical therapy, the prognosis was mostly good.Conclusion:The clinical manifestations of protracted bacterial bronchitis in children have no obvious specificity.Early diagnosis, identification of the cause and comprehensive management are critical to its prognosis.