Objective To investigate the change of homocysteine level,vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and adiponectin levels in type 2 diabetic patients with diabetic retinopathy and its signicance.Methods 60 patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR group) and 40 patients with normal fundus ( NDR goup) were selected.30 healthy subjects were used as control group.The serum levels of Hcy,VEGF and adiponectin were detected.Results The serum levels of Hcy and VEGF of DR group and NDR goup patients were higher than that of control group and had statistical significance(all P ＜0.05) ;The serum levels of Hcy and VEGF of DR group were higher than that of NDR group( all P ＜ 0.05 ).The serum level of adiponectin of DR group and NDR goup patients was lower than that of control group ( all P ＜ 0.05 ) ; The serum level of adiponectin of DR group was lower than that of NDR group ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Hcy and VEGF had a positive correlation with adiponectin( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Hcy,VEGF and adiponectin may play important roles in the initiation and sustainment of DR.

While the development and application of gene technology are benefiting human beings widely and deeply, it also arouses people's special attention towards the sustaining of human value and dignity. Ethic problems caused by gene diagnosis, gene treatment and the interpretation of human genome code allow no ignorance. It is an important researching subject in the 21th century to conduct scientific ethical education to personnel of gene technology and medical students according to correct ethic education principles, so as to avoid or reduce the damage caused by it as much as possible.

Background:As a minimally invasive treatment of early gastric cancer,endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) proves it could reduce postoperative complications and improve the quality of patients’life. However,ESD-induced gastric ulcer remains a problem. Aims:To evaluate the effect of teprenone combined with rabeprazole on post-ESD ulcer healing and prevention of bleeding after gastric ESD. Methods:One hundred and twenty cases of early gastric cancer or precancerous lesion treated by gastric ESD were divided randomly into group A and group B. Patients in group A were given teprenone combined with rabeprazole,while patients in group B were given rabeprazole alone. The treatment course was 8 weeks. Delayed bleeding rate after ESD and ulcer healing in the two groups were compared. Results:No significant difference was found in rate of delayed bleeding after ESD between the two groups(P = 0. 679). The stage of ulcer had no differences after 7 days of ESD(P > 0. 05),while showed a better healing stage in group A after 30 days and 60 days of ESD(P < 0. 05). The rates of decreased size and area of ulcer were higher in group A after 30 days of ESD(P < 0. 05), while had no statistical differences after 60 days of ESD(P > 0. 05). Conclusions:Teprenone can effectively promote post ESD ulcer healing,especially in the early stage of healing,thus reducing the rate of bleeding after gastric ESD.

Objective To explore the characteristics of T wave alternans (TWA) in aortic stenosis (AS) in school-aged children. Methods TWA was analyzed in 15 AS patients and 60 age-matched normal children using Microvolt T-Wave Alternans and the incidence of sustained TWA was compared between two groups. Myocardial ischemia during treadmill test was studied in sustained TWA and non-sustained TWA in AS patients. Results Compared with normal children, the incidence of sustained TWA was signiifcantly increased in AS group (P<0.01). In AS school-aged patients, the incidence of myocardial ischemia is higher in sustained TWA than in non-sustained TWA during treadmill test (P<0.05). Conclusions AS school-aged children have electrophysiologic basis for sunstained TWA. TWA is closely related to myocardial ischemia during treadmill test. Sustained TWA could be used as an important electrophysiologic index to assess the cardiac function in children with AS.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Demyelinating Diseases ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sensation Disorders ; therapy

Epigenetics is defined as heritable changes in genc expression that are,unlike mutations,not attributable to alterations in the sequence of DNA.The predominant epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation,histone modification and microRNA.Exploring the precise roles of epigenetic factors on autoimmunity has become an active research area.Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disorder with a prevalence of approximately 0.5％ to 1.0％ worldwide.The mechanisms underlying the initiation and progression of RA are still not completely understood.In recent years,the epigenetics of RA have been widely investigated.Alterations in the modification of histones and DNA methylation are the two major epigenetic mechanisms that may potentially cause a breakdown of immune tolerance and the perpetuation of RA.These epigenetic changes may be ideal targets for new personalized treatments.

Objective To investigate clinical effects of methotrexate and laparoscopic salpingotomy in the treatment of non -ruptured tubal pregnancy.Methods 150 children with non -ruptured tubal pregnancy were cho-sen and randomly divided into A group (75 children)with methotrexate treatment and B group (75 children)with laparoscopic salpingotomy.The hospital staying time,the degree of tubal patency,intrauterine pregnancy rate,ectopic pregnancy rate,ovarian volume and number of follicles after treatment of the two groups were compared.Results The hospital staying time of A group and B group were (21.56 ±4.98)d,(7.91 ±1.42)d,the hospital staying time of B group was significantly shorter than A group (t =2.27,P <0.05).The tubal patency rate,pass and not free rate and barrier rate after treatment of A group were 10.66%(8 /75),62.67%(47 /75),26.67%(20 /75),those of B group were 65.33%(49 /75),26.67%(20 /75),8.00%(6 /75),the tubal patency rate and barrier rate after treatment of B group were significantly better than A group (χ2 =12.36,8.94,P <0.05).The intrauterine pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate of A group were 30.67% (23 /75 ),20.00% (15 /75 ),those of B group were 53.33%(40 /75),8.00%(6 /75),which were significantly better than A group (χ2 =9.33,8.16,all P <0.05).There was no significant difference in ovarian volume after treatment between the two groups (P >0.05).The number of follicles in 1 month,3 months and 6 months after treatment of B group was significantly better than A group (t =2.57,2.06, 2.10,all P <0.05).Conclusion Compared with methotrexate treatment,laparoscopic salpingotomy in the treatment of non -ruptured tubal pregnancy can efficiently shorten hospital staying time,higher the degree of tubal patency, improve the long -term outcome,and is helpful to reduce the effect of ovarian function.

The demands for Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)standardization are rising internationally,but the development for TCM intemational standards is confronted with competence.In this context,the authors analyzed the competing status of intemationalized TCM standardization from 3 aspects:1.It is the key point for competition that obtaining leadership in the international organization and dominant position in developing important intemational standards:2.Integrating technical development and intellectual property with intemational standards has been gradually formed;3.Striving to make breakthrough in the development of TCM international standards on the basis of TCM Chinese national standards.The authors recommend that international standards be initiated from TCM service standards.TCM products quality standards and TCM process standards.

Objective:To analyze the pharmaceutical care performed by clinical pharmacist for one patient with biliary tract infec -tion to investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in clinical treatment .Methods:The clinical pharmacist supervised the whole process of treatment for the patient and optimized the treatment regimen together with the clinical doctors to achieve good efficacy .Results:With the cooperation of clinical pharmacist , the clinical doctors changed the treatment drugs to avoid the potential adverse drug reac -tions until the patient was cured .Conclusion:The participation of clinical pharmacist in the pharmaceutical care for the patients with biliary tract infection can provide a new thought of working mode .

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting rational drug use and formulating medication policy by health ad-ministrative department. METHODS:The utilization of top 20 adjuvant drugs in the list of consumption sum in 11 tertiary hospitals from Xi’an area during 2013-2015 was analyzed statistically in respects of total consumption sum and constituent ratio,the con-sumption sum of single type,DDDs,DDC,ADR,etc. RESULTS:The total consumption sum and the proportion of adjuvant drugs in 11 tertiary hospitals from Xi’an area increased year by year from 2013 to 2015,accounting for 8.43%,10.25% and 12.20%,respectively. 13 kinds of adjuvant drugs were included in top 20 in the list of total consumption sum from more than 3 hospitals. Deproteinised calf blood serum injection,Alprostadil injection and Danhong injection took up the first 4 places in the list of consumption sum,and Salvianolate for injection took up the first 3 place during 2014-2015. Alprostadil injection,Xueshuantong injection and Spleen peptide oral lyophilized powder took up the first 3 places in the list of DDDs. Spleen polypeptides injection, Yiqi fumai for injection and Cattle encephalon glycoside and ignotin injection took up the first 3 places in the list of DDC,and their DDC were 885.24,372.34 and 349.37 yuan. The incidence of adjuvant drugs-induced ADR increased year by year,increasing from 9.13% of 2013 to 13.49% of 2015. CONCLUSIONS:At present,adjuvant drugs become the important part of clinical drug use in Xi’an area. The consumption sum and amount is increasing rapidly. Great importance should be attached to the rational use and safety of adjuvant drugs so as to control the unreasonable increase of drug expenses.