Objective To observe the effect of general anesthesia induction with fentanil on parturient undergoing cessrean section and Apgar score of newborn. Methods Forty-two example cesarean section under general anesthesia were induced with fentanil 4μ/kg, propofol 1.5-2.0 mg/kg, atracurium 0.5mg/kg.Observed the change of hemodynamics parameter of parturientand 1 min,5 min Apgar score of newborn. Results Parturient woman blood stream dynamics Was stable. The premature delivery, the low body weight, the polyembryony or the anaesthesia had used the hypnotics group, its newborn 1 min Apgar score was obviously lower than that had not merged above situations(P＜0.01),but the newborn 5 min Apgar score was not significantly different(P＞0.05).Conclusions Fentanil used in cesarean section general anesthesia induction, parturient woman blood stream dynamics is stable, affects not obviously to newborn's Apgar scoure. But regarding the premature delivery, the polyembryony, the low body weight or the pregnant woman used the hypnotics, cegaresn section general anesthesia induction with fentanil should be supposed to use cautiously.

AIM: To compare the renoprotective effects of angiotensinⅡtypeⅠreceptor antagonist (AT 1RA) with that of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) and to investigate their influences on intrarenal renin-angiotensin system. METHODS: Experimental nephrotic syndrome model was induced in SD rats with repeated peritoneal injections of puromycin. Twenty-eight rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal control, nephrotic control, ACEI-treated and AT 1RA-treated group. Serum, urine and renal tissue were collected for study 12 weeks later. RESULTS: The urine protein was less and renal function was better in both treated groups. The glomerular and interstitial injury indexes of both ACEI and AT 1RA treated rats were lower than that of nephrotic control rats and had no significant difference between the two treated groups. The renal local ACE activity and angiotensinⅡ of nephrotic control group were significantly higher than that of normal control group and the two treated group(P

Objective To investigate the safety of autologous blood component transfusion during cesarean section in patients with Rh (D)-negative blood group.Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of Rh (D)-negative blood group, aged 20-35 yr, weighing 50-80 kg, undergoing elective cesarean section, were enrolled in this study.After lactated Ringer' s solution 7 ml/kg was infused, blood was obtained from radial artery at a rate of 60-80ml/min, and blood volume was maintained by simultaneous infusion of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 at the same rate. The collected blood was subjected to two cycles of autologous blood component separation. Blood collecting during each cycle was stopped 15 s after red blood cells were separated. The autologous blood was infused when the blood loss≥20% of blood volume. The autologous blood was infused after suture of the uterus when the blood loss < 20% of blood volume. The parameters of maternal vital signs and fetal heart rate were monitored. Hypotension and tachycardia were recorded during autologous blood collecting. SpO2 was monitored routinely. Venous blood samples were taken before blood collecting (baseline), at the end of blood collecting, before autologous blood transfusion, 24 h after operation for determination of Hb, Hct, Plt, PT, APTT, INR and Fib. Umbilical arterial blood samples were obtained after delivery for blood gas analysis. Apgar score was recorded at 1 and 5 min after birth. Blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion were also recorded. Results No hypotension and tachycardia occurred during the process of blood collecting and the fetal heart rate was within the normal range. Compared with the baseline value, there were no significant differences in SpO2 , Hb, Hct, Plt, PT, APTT, INR and FIB value at the other time points. The pH value and concentrations of base excess and lactate were within the normal range.The Apgar score was (9.0 ±0.8) and (9.2 ± 0.8) at 1 and 5 min after birth respectively. The blood loss during operation was (405 ± 28) ml and no patients received homologous blood transfusion. Conclusion The safety of autologous blood component transfusion is good during cesarean section in Rh (D)-negative blood group patients.

Objective To compare the development of gastric insufflation related to different peak inspiratory pressures (PIPs) during facemask ventilation in the pediatric patients.Methods Ninety male pediatric patients,aged 2-4 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ,scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 5 groups (n =18 each) using a random number table:PIP 8 cmH2O group (group P8),PIP 10 cmH2O group (group P10),PIP 12 cm H2O group (groupP12),PIP 14cmH2O group (group P14) and PIP 16 cmH2O group (group P16).Anesthesia was induced with fentanil,propofol and rocuronium in sequence.After loss of eyelash reflex,positive pressure facemask ventilation was performed for a 120 s period in pressure-controlled mode.Gastric insufflation was detected by real-time ultrasonography of the antrum,and cross-sectional antral area was measured using ultrasonography before facemask ventilation and at 120 s of facemask ventilation.The pulse oximetry (SpO2),tidal volume (VT),end-tidal pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) and end-tidal oxygen concentration (ETO2) were recorded at 30,60,90,and 120 s of facemask ventilation.The development of gastric insufflation and hypoventilation was recorded.Results Compared with group P8,the incidence of gastric insufflation was significantly increased in group P16 (P＜0.01),and no significant change was found in the incidence of gastric insufflation in the other groups (P＞0.05),the incidence of hypoventilation was significantly decreased,VT and ETO2 were increased,and PET CO2 was decreased in P12,P14 and P16 groups,and PETCO2 was significantly decreased at 120 s of facemask ventilation (P＜ 0.05 or 0.01),and no significant change was found in the other parameters in group P10 (P＞0.05).Compared with P12 and P14 groups,VT was significantly increased,PEHTCO2 was decreased at 120 s of facemask ventilation (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of hypoventilation and ETO2 in group P16 (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference between group P12 and group P14 in the incidence of hypoventilation,VT,PETCO2 and ETO2 (P＞0.05).The pediatric patients showed a certain CO2 accumulation [PETCO2 (40.6±4.0) mmHg] at 120 s of facemask ventilation in group P8,and the pediatric patients showed excessive ventilation [PETCO2 (23.6± 1.4) mmHg],and cross-sectional antral area was not measured using ultrasonography in three cases because of excessive gastric insufflation in group P16.Conclusion PIP at 12-14 mmHg in pressure-controlled ventilation mode can not only ensure adequate preoxygenation and but also avoid excessive gastric insufflation during facemask ventilation in the pediatric patients.

Intraoperative cell salvage ( IOCS) was conducted during cesarean delivery from May 2011 to April 2016 in our hospital: when the volume of autologous blood collected from the surgical field≥800 ml during surgery and the parturients′hemoglobin≤100 g∕L after hemorrhage, the autologous blood was centrifuged, concentrated, washed and then filtered using a leucocyte depletion filter before reinfusion. IOCS was carried out in 1 085 cases during cesarean delivery within 5 yr. For the parturients who underwent IOCS, the percentage of patients who did not require transfusion of allogeneic red blood cells was 82.95%(900 cases), the percentage of patients who required plasma transfusion was 41.66% (452 cases), the percentage of patients who required platelet transfusion was 3.32% (36 cases), and no autologous blood transfusion?related adverse reactions were found during surgery and hospital stay. In conclusion, IOCS could be safely and effectively used for blood?saving effect in cesarean delivery.

Background and purpose:MAD2 is one of the mitotic checkpoints and it is closely associated with tumors.Our aim was to study the expression of gene MAD2 and tumor suppressor gene in colorectal cancer and to demonstrate the relationship between the expression of gene MAD2 and tumor suppressor gene in colorectal cancer,adenoma and normal tissue and to evaluate their clinical significance.Methods:Immunohistochemistry method and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR were used to analyze the expression of gene MAD2 in colorectal cancer,adenoma and normal tissue.PCR amplifi cation and DNA sequencing were performed to detect the mutations of gene MAD2.p53,p27,p21 and p16 were determined in colorectal cancer and normal tissue by immunohistochemistry methods.Results:The expression of MAD2 in colorectal cancer was obviously higher than in adenoma and normal tissue(66.7% vs 39.6% vs 22.9%) ,there were signifi cant differences among colorectal cancers,adenoma and normal tissue(P

Objective:To establish the prediction model of postoperative Gleason score (GS) risk of prostatic cancer (PCa), and to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the model and each independent risk factor for PCa medium-high risk group.Methods:The clinical data of 362 patients who accepted transrectal prostate biopsy in the Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively, and a total of 343 patients with prostate cancer who met the enrollment criteria were selected. According to the GS grading system, these patients were divided into low risk group, moderate risk group and high risk group. At first, the single factor analysis and Spearman rank correlation were used to find out the effective indicators with good correlation with GS risk. Then, multiple linear regression equation was applied for multi-factor analysis to obtain the independent risk factors and the prediction model for predicting GS risk, and then the ROC curve was used to compare the diagnostic efficacy of each independent risk factor and prediction model for PCa medium-high risk group.Results:In the single factor analysis, the differences of all indicators in GS risk were statistically significant (all P<0.05). In the correlation analysis with GS risk, except for the indicators of prostate volume (all P>0.05), the other indexes had linear correlations with the different risks of GS (all P<0.05). Among them, the total prostate specific antigen and two-dimensional ultrasound (2D-US) score showed moderate positive correlations( rs=0.402, 0.579, all P<0.001), contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) score showed a high positive correlation ( rs=0.709, P<0.001), and the rest indexes showed low positive correlations. Multiple linear regression was used to obtain two independent risk factors of 2D-US score ( X1) and CEUS score ( X2) for the prediction of GS risk, then, a prediction model was established: Y=0.863+ 0.066 X1+ 0.27 X2, the corresponding linear coefficient differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). By the ROC analysis, the areas under the curves of 2D-US score, CEUS score and the prediction model were 0.838, 0.906 and 0.907, respectively. Conclusions:2D-US score and CEUS score are independent risk factors for predicting postoperative GS risk, and the diagnostic efficacy of the prediction model is higher than those of the 2D-US score and CEUS score for the medium-high risk group.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of deep learning-based restoration of obscured thyroid ultrasound images.Methods:A total of 358 images of thyroid nodules were retropectively collected from January 2020 to October 2021 at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and the images were randomly masked and restored using DeepFillv2. The difference in grey values between the images before and after restoration was compared, and 6 sonographers (2 chief physicians, 2 attending physicians, 2 residents) were invited to compare the rate of correctness of judgement and detection of image discrepancies. The ultrasound features of thyroid nodules (solid composition, microcalcifications, markedly hypoechoic, ill-defined or irregular margins, or extrathyroidal extensions, vertical orientation and comet-tail artifact) were extracted according to the Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (C-TIRADS). The consistency of ultrasound features of thyroid nodules before and after restoration were compared.Results:The mean squared error of the images before and after restoration ranged from 0.274 to 0.522, and there were significant differences in the rate of correctness of judgement and detection of image discrepancies between physicians of different groups(all P<0.001). The overall accuracy rate was 51.95%, the overall detection rate was 1.79%, there were significant differences also within the chief physicians and resident groups (all P<0.001). The agreement rate of all ultrasound features of the nodules before and after image restoration was higher than 70%, over 90% agreement rate for features such as solid composition and comet-tail artifact. Conclusions:The algorithm can effectively repair obscured thyroid ultrasound images while preserving image features, which is expected to expand the deep learning image database, and promote the development of deep learning in the field of ultrasound images.

This case report describes the treatment of a 25-year-old woman with a severe open bite. This patient presented a grade Ⅲ open bite, considerably thin alveolar bone, and evident labial buccal and lingual root form. The open bite was corrected by fixed orthodontic treatment and masticatory exercises. However, the increased pressure in the labial muscle caused by lip muscle exercise suppressed the canines, which resulted in the protrusion of the apices of canine roots out of the alveolar bone. Afterward, HX brackets, instead of self-locking, were used and bonded reversely in the occlusal-gingival direction on the upper canines. The lip muscle exercises were decreased. After adjustment, the roots penetrated back into the cancellous bone, the severe open bite was corrected, and a normal overbite and overjet were achieved. ClassⅠcanine and molar relationships were established. The masticatory function and profile were both considerably improved. This case report showed that a severe nonskeletal open bite can be corrected using orthodontic treatments combined with masticatory exercises.
Adult ; Cephalometry ; Female ; Humans ; Malocclusion, Angle Class II ; Open Bite ; therapy ; Overbite ; Tooth Movement Techniques