Objective To study the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF),fibroblast growth factor receptor-2(FGFR-2)and heparanase(Hpa)in the tissues of gastric cancer and precancerous lesions,and to explore its significance in the carcinogenesis and malignant progression of stomach.Methods The expression of bFGF,FGFR-2 and Hpa were detected by immunohistochemistry in 145 cases of paraffin-embedded specimens from different gastric mucosa,including 30 cases of chronic superficial gastritis(CSG),29 of intestinal metaplasia(IM),31 of dysplasia(Dys)and 55 of gastric carcinoma(GC).Results The expression of bFGF and FGFR-2 in CSG group was significantly lower than that of the other three groups(P

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatogra-phy ( MRCP) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP) in the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice. Methods MRCP and ERCP were performed in 32 patients with obstructive jaundice, all patients were diagnosed surgically or histopathologically. Results The level of obstruction was diagnosied by MRCP and ERCP with accuracy of 90.6% (29/32) and 82. 8% (24/29) respectively(P =0. 5960) ,whereas the accuracy of combination of MRCP and ERCP reached 96. 9% (31/32) . For the etiologic diagnosis, the accuracy reached 75.0% (24/32) and 72. 4% (21/29) in MRCP and ERCP respectively ( P = 0. 9503) , whereas the accuracy MRCP and ERCP of imcombination reached 93. 8% (30/32) , significantly higher than that of MRCP( P = 0.0387) or ERCP alone(P = 0. 0245). Conclusions MRCP and ERCP are reliable and safe methods for the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice; furthermore, combination of the two procedures could improve the efficacy of diagnosis.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound endoscopy(CE-EUS) for the upper gastrointestinal tract and adjacent lesions.Methods One hundred and eighty samples of upper gastrointestinal tract and adjacent lesions in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from June 2014 to March 2015 were collected and performed CE-EUS.The preliminary diagnosis was taken by observing the features of various kinds of solid mass,which was conducted the contrastive analysis with the results of fine needle aspiration cytology(EUS-FNA) and (or) histopathology, biliary brush cytology smear results,operative pathologic findings,and CT,MRI scans and follow-up results.Results In 180 cases of gastrointestinal tract and adjacent placeholder,169 cases of CE-EUS were in line with the final results,while 11 cases were not consistent,and the diagnostic consistency rate was 93.9%.Conclusion CE-EUS can guide EUS-FNA puncture for increasing its positive rate..

The deficiency in teaching resource is becoming severer as enrolled students increased and the awareness of respecting patients’rights is enhanced.It is urgent to develop new strategy to improve our diagnostic teaching in this situation.For this purpose,the scheme of developing half-dynamic interactive web for diagnostic education is proposed,and the advantage of the web are also discussed here.The advantages include enhancing students’interest and participation in study,bettering communication between the teachers and students,utilizing the collective intelligence,and integrating education resource.Excellent half-dynamic interactive web is helpful to transform the teachers’role from implanting into guiding,supervising,and examining.

BACKGROUND:The hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)plays a key role in the development of liver fibrosis.Studies have shown that bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell(BMSCs)transplantation can be used to treat liver fibrosis,but the mechanism for reversal of liver fibrosis remains unknown.OBJECTIVE:To explore the mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to regulate the proliferation of HSCs under co-culture in vitro.METHODS:Rat BMSCs and HSCs in the experimental group were cultured in the plastic culture plate(6 holes)to establish the upper and lower double-cell co-culture system.Rat normal fibroblast cell lines were seeded as control group;HSCs were cultured alone as blank group.Cell proliferation was determined by WST8 and cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry.The Cyclin D1 and P27 mRNA expression in HSC was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and the level of Cyclin D1 and P27 protein by Western blot.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:HSCs co-cultured with BMSCs significantly inhibited HSC proliferation compared with the blank and control groups at 24,48,and 72 hours(P ＜ 0.01);Flow cytometry showed that the percentage of G_0/G_1 phase cells of co-culture group was increased but the S phase cells reduced(P ＜ 0.01)compared with the other groups at 72 hours,and BMSCs blocked HSC to convert from G_0/G_1 period to S phase.After HSCs co-cultured with BMSCs for 24 hours,the expression of Cyclin D1 mRNA and protein was reduced,and significantly less than the blank and control groups at 72 hours(P ＜ 0.01);no differences were detected in P27 mRNA expression in each group during the co-culture(P ＞ 0.05).After co-culture of 24 hours,the p27 protein expression was significantly increased compared with the blank and control groups(P ＜ 0.01).BMSCs inhibited the proliferation of HSCs,possibly through inhibiting CydinDI expression,increasing the p27 protein expression to cause cell cyde arresting in G_0/G_1 phase.

Objective To compare the efficacy of transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)and spiral computed tomography(SCT)in preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma contrasted with the postoperative pathologic findings.Methods Both TRUS and SCT were performed prior to surgery in 92 patients with rectal carcinoma.After radical operation,the preoperative findings were compared with the histological findings,and the the efficacy of TRUS and SCT in staging the rectal carcinoma were evaluated.Results The accuracy of TRUS for T stage and N stage was 87.0% and 64.1% respectively,while the accuracy of SCT was 68.5% and 66.3%.Conclusions TRUS is superior to SCT for the judgment of tumor infiltration depth,TRUS may become the first choice in preoperative staging of rectal carcinoma.But neither is able to provide satisfaction assessment for lymph node metastases.When both methods are used together,it would be better.

Objective To investigate the expression of sphingosine kinase 1(SphK1)and NF-κB in colon carcinoma tissues and their correlation with clinicopathologic features.Methods Sixty-six paraffinembedded colon carcinoma samples and 66 fresh colon carcinoma samples were tested using immunohistochemistry,RT-PCR and Western blot,respectively.Results In 66 fresh colon carcinoma samples,the positive rate of SphK1 and NF-κB mRNA expression were 84.85％(56/66)and 74.24％(49/66),while the positive rate of SphK1 and NF-κB protein detected by Western blot were 78.79％(52/66)and 69.70％(46/66).The positive rates were higher than those in the adjacent tissues[mRNA:63.64％(42/66),48.49％(32/66);protein:57.58％(38/66),45.45％(30/66)]and the normal mucosa [mRNA:42.42％(28/66),25.76％(17/66); protein:36.36％(24/66),24.24％(16/66)],with statistical significances(all P values ＜ 0.05).The mean expressive levels of SphK1 and NF-kB mRNA and protein in colon carcinoma were both significantly higher than those in the adjacent tissues and the normal mucosa(mRNA:0.55±0.06 vs0.35 ±0.05 vs0.25±0.05,0.75 ±0.06 vs0.43±0.05 vs0.30±0.04 ; protein:0.77 ± 0.05 vs 0.38 ± 0.06 vs 0.12 ± 0.03,0.45 ± 0.08 vs 0.23 ± 0.05 vs 0.13 ± 0.03 ;all P values ＜ 0.05).There was a close correlation between SphK1 and NF-kB expression levels (r =0.459,P =0.036).The results of immunohistochemistry were similar to those of RT-PCR and Western blot.Overexpression of SphK1 and NF-κB in colon carcinoma was related with depth of invasion,distant and lymph node metastasis and Dukes'stages(all P values ＜0.05).The expression of SphK1 was also related with differentiation(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Overexpression of SphK1 and NF-κB may be involved in the pathogenesis and progression of colon carcinoma.Moreover,SphK1 and NF-κB may be correlated with the invasion and metastasis of colon carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate measurement of the submucosal thickness with endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for activity of Crohn disease (CD).Methods Ten patients with active stage of CD and 10 healthy controls (HC) underwent EUS.Simple endoscopic score for Crohn disease(SES-CD)and submucosal thickness at the most severe lesions were measured and recorded.Submucosal thickness of the same region in CD patients were measured at remissive stage.In order to analyze the relationship between submucosal thickness and the stage of CD, submucosal thickness were compared among patients at active stage of CD, remissive stage of CD and HC.And the cut-off value of submucosal thickness was calculated to diagnose the stage of CD.Results The mean submucosal thicknesses of active stage and remissive stage of CD were 6.48±1.95 mm and 2.47±1.08 mm,respectively (P<0.01).The correlation analysis showed that submucosal thickness had a positive correlation with Crohn disease activity index(CDAI)(r=0.708,P<0.01) and SES-CD(r=0.807,P<0.01).Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used for 10 cases of CD patients and the area under the curve was 0.985(P<0.01).The cut-off value of submucosal thickness to diagnose active stage of CD was 3.85 mm, and the sensitivity and specificity reached 100% and 90% respectively.The Youden index was 0.9.Conclusion Measurement of gastrointestinal submucosal thickness by EUS could contribute to evaluate the stage of CD and to guide clinical treatment.

Objective:To explore the effects and mechanism of anti IL-9 antibody on malignant ascites ( MA) of hepatic carci-noma in mice.Methods:A mouse model of MA was established by mouse H 22 cell line.45 mice were divided randomly into experi-mental group,negative control group and blank control group at 24 hours after modeling,with 15 mice in each group.The experimental group was injected intraperitoneally with anti IL-9 antibody;the negative control group was injected with isotype IgG antibody;the blank control group was injected with normal saline .The weight and behavior of the mice were measured before each injection .Five mice of each group was sacrificed at 24 hours after the last injection to measure the volume of MA .The level of VEGF,MMP-2,IL-9 and IFN-γin MA were determined with ELISA assay;the survival time of rest mice were recorded and compared .Results:The mean volume of MA of experimental group,negative control group and blank control group were (6.70±1.52)ml,(10.28±1.75)ml,(10.36±2.30) ml,respectively,the MA volume of experimental group were lower as compared to negative control group and blank control group ( P<0.05).The mean survival time of experimental group was (17.2±2.1)d,which was significantly prolonged compared with the negative control group (14.5±1.2)d and the blank control group (14.8±1.4)d (P<0.05).The levels of VEGF of MA in experimental group was significantly lower compared to the negative control group and blank control group (P<0.05).The levels of IL-9 of MA in experi-mental group was significantly lower compared to the negative control group (P<0.05).The levels of MMP-2 and IFN-γin experimental group had no significant difference compared with the negative control group and blank control group ( P>0.05 ) .Conclusion:Intraper-itoneal injection anti IL-9 antibody on H22 ascites-bearing mice can effectively inhibit the generation of the MA .The mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the expression of the VEGF and IL-9.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of the cell block (CB) with immunostaining method by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) biopsy for pancreatic lesions.Methods A total of 72 patients with pancreatic lesions underwent EUS-FNA at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from March 2012 to June 2013.The EUS-FNA samples of all patients were processed by conventional smear cytology,liquid-based cytology (LBC) and the cell block with immunostaining.Results There were 61 pancreatic patients who were finally diagnosed as having pancreatic tumors,including 55 cases of pancreatic cancer,2 pancreatic solid pseudopapillary tumor,4 pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs),and 11 benign lesions:4 chronic pancreatitis,2 pancreatic tuberculosis,4 pancreatitis and 1 pancreatic mucinous cystadenoma.The diagnostic sensitivity of conventional smear cytology,liquid-based cytology and cell block with immuno-staining method were 68.9％ (42/61),75.4％ (46/61) and 90.2％ (55/61),respectively.The diagnostic specificity of three methods were all 100.0％.The diagnostic accuracy rates were 73.6％ (53/72),79.2％ (57/72) and 91.7％ (66/72),respectively.The diagnostic accuracy rate of the cell block with immunostaining was higher than those of conventional smear cytology (P ＜ 0.05) and the liquid-based cytology (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration is a safe and effective method with high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions.Cell block method combining immunohistochemistry helps to increase the diagnosis and histological diagnosis of pancreatic lesions.The cell block has a greater clinical value in the diagnosis of pancreatic lesions.